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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 377 (1977), S. 67-78 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Testicular neoplasms ; Neoplasm regression, spontaneous
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung In 6 von 61 nachkontrollierten AutopsiefÄllen mit metastasierenden Seminomen und Teratomen finden wir in den Hoden Narben oder Rudimente differenzierter Teratome und Seminome, Bilder, die denjenigen sogenannter ausgebrannter Hodentumoren entsprechen. Seminome lösen hÄufig eine ausgeprÄgte granulomatöse Reaktion aus, so da\ vollstÄndig ausgebrannte Formen, wie in einem Fall beobachtet, an und für sich zu erwarten sind. Aber auch Teratome können weitgehend vernarben und damit leicht übersehen werden. Bei 5 Patienten mit teratomatösen Metastasen sind in 3 FÄllen kleine differenzierte Hodenteratome von 1, 3 und 12 mm Durchmesser zu erkennen, in 1 Fall eine Rete testis-nahe Narbe von 10 mm Durchmesser und in einem letzten Fall ein mikroskopisch kleines intra- und extratubulÄres Seminom. In 3 dieser 5 FÄlle lassen sich atypische Keimzellen und in 2 FÄllen kleine Seminomreste von 3 und 13 mm Durchmesser in der Umgebung der Tumorrudimente nachweisen. Atypische Keimzellen und Seminomreste können damit für den Nachweis kleiner, mikroskopisch kaum fa\barer Teratomherde wegleitend sein. Diese 6 Beobachtungen machen ungefÄhr 10% unserer AutopsiefÄlle mit Keimzelltumoren aus. Weitere Probleme der Diagnostik werden diskutiert.
    Notes: Summary Of 61 cases of metastasizing seminomas and teratomas that came to autopsy at the Institute of Pathology, University of Zürich, 51 had been known to originate in primary testicular neoplasms, while in the remaining 10 the scrotal contents were clinically unremarkable. Of these, the testicles of two cases were devoid of tumor even on histologic examination; in a third case the right testicle had been absent since birth, suggesting its possible intraperitoneal location and malignant transformation. Yet another case displayed a malignant teratoma primarily infiltrating the mediastinum, while an isolated focus of a generalized large-cell lymphoma in the lower pole of the left testicle was mistaken for its origin. The remaining six cases, however, demonstrated histologic alterations that suggest “burned-out” testicular malignancies. Out of five of these patients with exclusively teratomatous metastases, three had differentiated testicular teratomas, varying in diameter between one and twelve mm; a fourth manifested a scar 10 mm in length in the vicinity of the rete testis; the fifth displayed an intra- and extratubular seminoma of microscopic dimensions. In two of these five cases, small foci of seminoma could be seen in close relationship to the teratomas, and in three patients, atypical germ cells were found within seminiferous tubules. It may well be that the presence of atypical germ cells and foci of seminoma are indicative of small teratomatous lesions which have escaped microscopic scrutiny. Finally, one testis in a patient with metastases typical of seminoma consisted of scar tissue to an extent that is unusual even for seminomas with a marked stromal reaction. These observations represent approximately 10% of our autopsy cases with germ cell tumors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 370 (1976), S. 41-54 
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Testicular neoplasms ; Nomenclature
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Bei 61 Autopsiefällen mit metastasierenden malignen Keimzelltumoren der Hoden wurden sowohl die Primärtumoren als auch die Metastasen histologisch nachkontrolliert und nach den Nomenklaturen des “WHO Panel on Testicular Tumours” und des “British Testicular Tumour Panel” klassifiziert. Beide Nomenklaturen sind in Bezug auf die Einteilung der Primärgeschwülste und der Metastasen relativ einfach anwendbar. Der Vergleich der histologischen Strukturen der Primärtumoren mit denjenigen der zugehörigen Metastasen ergibt aber gewisse strukturelle Abweichungen, die je nach Tumorkategorie verschieden ausgeprägt sind. Seminome bilden eine anscheinend recht einheitliche Gruppe; sie metastasieren in der Regel auch als Seminome. Anaplastische Seminome können aber unter Umständen nicht von ausgesprochen solid wachsenden embryonalen Karzinomen unterschieden werden. Der Seminomanteil innerhalb kombinierter Tumoren scheint in der Regel nicht zu metastasieren. Die Betrachtung des histologischen Aufbaus der Metastasen und der Primärtumoren der embryonalen Karzinome kombiniert mit Teratom (maligne Teratome, Intermediärtyp nach der englischen Nomenklatur) und der reinen embryonalen Karzinome (maligne Teratome, undifferenzierter Typ) ergibt, daß diese beiden Tumorformen keinen eigenständigen Kategorien entsprechen. Der Überbegriff des malignen Teratoms der Briten trägt dieser Tatsache Rechnung, umfaßt er doch auch diese Übergangsformen zwischen Teratomen und embryonalen Karzinomen. Reine Choriokarzinome sind ausgesprochen seltene Hodengeschwülste. Unsere Patienten mit primären Choriokarzinomen im Rahmen von Teratomen, also Choriokarzinome kombiniert mit anderen histologischen Tumortypen, wiesen jedoch ebenfalls nur Metastasen von rein choriokarzinomatöser Struktur auf. Sie starben zudem alle innerhalb eines Jahres an ihren Metastasen. Die Unterscheidung reiner und kombinierter Formen von Choriokarzinomen, wie das die WHO vorschlägt, ist deshalb klinisch ohne Bedeutung. 10% unserer Patienten mit metastasierenden Keimzellgeschwülsten wiesen Hodenläsionen auf, die als sogenannte ausgebrannte Hodentumoren bezeichnet werden. Eine entsprechende Tumorkategorie fehlt in beiden Nomenklaturen.
    Notes: Summary 61 autopsy cases with malignant germ cell testis tumors were examined. Both the primary tumors and their metastases were classified histologically according to the nomenclature of the WHO Panel on Testicular Tumours and to the modified nomenclature of the British Testicular Tumour Panel. The classification of the primary and metastatic tumor tissues is relatively easy to handle with both nomenclatures. The comparison of histological structures of the primary tumors with their metastases evoked a variety of deviations, depending on the tumor categories investigated and the nomenclature applied. The seminomas are a very homogenous tumor category usually metastasizing as seminoma. However, anaplastic seminomas can be indistinguishable from solid embryonal carcinomas. The distinct seminomas combined with nonseminomatous germ cell tumors do not seem to metastasize. From the point of view of histologic patterns of metastases and primary tumors, the embryonal carcinoma combined with teratoma i.e. teratocarcinoma (malignant teratoma intermediate) and the pure embryonal carcinoma (malignant teratoma undifferentiated) are not distinct entities. The term of malignant teratoma for these tumor types used by the British authors interprets these events more adequately, reflecting the occurrence of transitional types between teratoma and embryonal carcinoma supported by the appearance of different histologic types of metastases. Pure forms of choriocarcinoma are extremely rare. Yet in our cases of choriocarcinoma combined with other types, the metastases are always of the pure choriocarcinomatous type, and clinical courses were rapidly fatal in less than one year. The distinction of pure forms from combined forms of choriocarcinoma is not of great clinical relevance. 10% of our patients with metastatic germ cell tumor disease revealed testicular lesions referred to as so-called “burned-out” testis tumors. A tumor category of “burned-out” testis tumors is proposed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of pediatrics 139 (1982), S. 266-271 
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Cryptorchidism ; Undescended testis ; Complications ; Pathology ; Testicular neoplasms
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This paper presents a survey of the morphological findings in cryptorchid testes, especially of children. There is no doubt that undescended testes not operated on early in life are seriously damaged. Cryptorchid testes of adults are much smaller than normal. The tubules are atrophic, the germinal epithelium is generally largely absent and the Leydig-cells are vacuolated, and loaded with lipids. Foci of hypoplastic tubules and so-called ring-like tubular structures are frequent. In children the testicular lesions of cryptorchidism are less pronounced than in adults. They are characterized by disturbances in tubular structure and particularly by a diminution of germ cells or, especially in cases of bilateral cryptorchidism, by a complete lack of such elements. These tubular lesions are manifested already in the second year of life. In addition, the interstitial tissue of undescended testes is generally more abundant and Leydig-cells seem to be more atrophic than in normal testes. Some of these lesions found in cryptorchid testes seem to be the result of a malformation rather than of testicular malposition alone. Finally, in patients with cryptorchidism the higher risk of developing a testicular germ cell tumor must be considered. In adults with cryptorchidism so-called atypical germ cells can be demonstrated even if there are no clinical signs of a malignant testicular tumor. Considering the relatively high frequency of malignant germ cell tumors in adults with cryptorchidism, testicular biopsies should be performed if a primary orchidectomy is refused. As testicular tumors may not only develop in the cryptorchid testis but in the descended partner as well, even bilateral testicular biopsies may be indicated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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