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  • 1
    ISSN: 1573-0646
    Keywords: antifolate ; phase I ; pharmacokinetics ; antimetabolite
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Trimetrexate (TMTX) is an analog of methotrexate and a potent inhibitor of the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase. In this phase I study, TMTX was given intravenously to 32 patients as a constant infusion over 24 hours every 28 days. The maximum-tolerated dose of TMTX was 200 mg/m2, with myelosuppression as the dose-limiting toxicity. Other toxicities included nausea and vomiting, stomatitis, erythema and phlebitis at the site of infusion, rash and skin hyperpigmentation, and elevated serum hepatic enzymes. Two drug-related deaths occurred secondary to leukopenia and sepsis. Twenty-six patients were evaluable for antitumor response. Twenty-one patients had progressive disease, while three patients had disease stabilization. There were two partial responses observed — one in a patient with breast cancer and a second in a patient with nasopharyngeal carcinoma. TMTX pharmacokinetics were studied in 15 patients. The drug had a mean terminal half-life of 13 hours. Steady-state was not achieved during the 24-hour infusions. Only 6% of the parent compound was excreted unchanged in the urine, and CSF levels averaged less than 2% of simultaneously measured plasma levels. A dose of 150 mg/m2 is recommended for phase II trials of TMTX using this 24-hour infusion schedule.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Zirconium porphyrins ; Hafnium porphyrins ; Porphyrin double-deckers ; Metal bisporphyrinates ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The electrochemical oxidation of zirconium and hafnium double-deckers M(P)2 (M=Zr, Hf; P=OEP, TPP) (Scheme 1)2) leads to mono- and dications which show near infrared absorption bands which are of ≈ 2000 cm-1 higher energy than those of the corresponding cerium double-decker cations. [Zr(OEP)2]X, [Zr(OEP)2]X2, and [Zr(TPP)2]X (X=ClO4- and PF6-) are isolated after electrochemical oxidation and are characterized by IR and NMR spectroscopy. Magnetic susceptibility measurements (2 K 〈 T 〈 300 K) of the solids confirm the strong coupling of the electron spins in the diamagnetic dication salt [Zr(OEP)2][ClO4]2. The molecular structure of Zr(OEP)2 is elucidated by an X-ray structural analysis.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Zirconium porphyrins ; Hafnium porphyrins ; Porphyrin double deckers ; Metal bisporphyrinates ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The synthesis of new zirconium and hafnium bisporphyrinate double deckers M(P)2 (M=Zr, Hf; P=OEP, TPP)2,3) is described. The complexes are characterized by UV/Vis/NIR and 1H-NMR spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. As compared with M=Ce, the redox potentials or the energies of the nearinfrared absorption bands of the corresponding radical cations [M(P)2]+ are lower by ≍ 0.2 V or higher by ≍ 2000 cm-1, respectively, Hence, there is a stronger π-π interaction between the porphyrin ligands as compared with the cerium analogues due to the smaller ionic radii of Zr(IV) and Hf(IV). X-ray crystallography of Zr(TPP)2 confirms the sandwich-like structure of the compound and the close proximity of the porphyrin ligands.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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