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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Nervenarzt 68 (1997), S. 285-291 
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Tethered-spinal-cord-Syndrom ; Erwachsene ; Key words Tethered spinal cord syndrome ; Adults
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary The tethered spinal cord syndrome is more often encountered in children, but does also occur in adults. Its clinical spectrum comprises low back pain, neurological deficits such as distal motor weakness and trophic and sensory disturbances in the legs, urological symptoms and such musculoskeletal signs as scoliosis or foot deformities. In addition, cutaneous lesions or subcutaneous lipomas in the lumbosacral region may be indirect signs of an intraspinal pathology. This consists in a tight, thickened and sometimes shortened filum terminale, an intraspinal lipoma, intradural scar formation or other lesions that lead to conus fixation. The common mechanism of injury of these types of pathologies is an impairment of longitudinal movement of the spinal cord, especially the conus medullaris, which subsequently leads to chronic local ischemia. Diagnosis is most readily achieved by magnetic resonance imaging. Treatment is aimed at the restoration of cord mobility by means of microsurgical release of the conus, the cauda equina and the filum terminale with the aid of cauda equina neuromonitoring. Further progression can be effectively halted; in fact almost half of the patients actually improve. Therefore, every patient presenting with the clinical diagnosis of tethered cord syndrome should be offered specialized surgical treatment.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Das Tethered-spinal-cord Syndrom ist ein auch bei Erwachsenen auftretender klinischer Symptomenkomplex. Er umfaßt Lumbalgien, neurologische Ausfälle, wie distal betonte Paresen, trophische und Sensibilitätsstörungen der Beine und des Gesäßes, urologische Symptome, wie Miktionsstörungen, und orthopädische Veränderungen, wie Wirbelsäulenfehlhaltungen und Fußdeformitäten. Nävi und subkutane Lipome in der Lumbosakralregion können den klinischen Verdacht auf eine für die Symptomatik verantwortliche intraspinale Pathologie lenken. Diese besteht in einem gespannten, verdickten und z.T. auch verkürzten Filum terminale oder einem intraspinalen Lipom, das den Konus des Rückenmarks fixiert. Der gemeinsame zu den klinischen Veränderungen führende Pathomechanismus dieser Läsionen ist eine Einschränkung der longitudinalen Bewegungsfreiheit des Rückenmarks, insbesondere des Conus medullaris, was aufgrund der biophysikalischen Eigenschaften des Marks eine lokale Ischämie im Rückenmark zur Folge hat. Zur bildgebenden Diagnostik eignet sich in erster Linie die lumbosakrale Magnetresonanztomographie. Die Behandlung besteht in einer Wiederherstellung der Bewegungsfreiheit des Conus medullaris mittels mikrochirurgischer Durchtrennung des Filum terminale unter Monitoring der sakralen Nervenwurzeln. Die Aussichten, einer Verschlechterung des Zustands bei geringem Komplikationsrisiko Einhalt zu gebieten, sind gut, zusätzlich wird immerhin in etwas weniger als der Hälfte der Fälle eine Besserung erreicht. Allen Patienten, die mehr als nur kutane Dysraphiezeichen aufweisen und besonders denjenigen mit progredienter Symptomatik sollte eine spezialisierte chirurgische Behandlung angeboten werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: [111In-DTPA-D-Phel]-octreotide ; somatostatin receptors ; meningioma ; brain tumour
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We have studied prospectively 47 patients with CNS tumours including 16 meningiomas and 33 other tumours using combined111In-octreotide and99mTc-DTPA brain scintigraphy.111In-octreotide scintigraphy was used to image somatostatin receptors (SSR) and99mTc-DTPA scintigraphy was used to assess the integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). A total of 32 tumours (65%) were detected. All SSR positive tumours also had positive99mTc-DTPA scans and all SSR negative tumours were negative on99mTc-DTPA scans. Among the tumours located outside the BBB, all meningiomas and two out of six schwannomas were positive on combined SSR/99mTc-DTPA scintigraphy. Among the tumours located inside the BBB, seven out of nine gliomas grade I–III were negatitve, whereas all glioblastomas were positive. Other positive tumours included one malignant non-Hodgkin lymphoma and two cerebral metastases. SSR scintigraphy alone was non-specific in the diagnosis of meningiomas, as 16 non-meningiomatous tumours also had positive SSR scans probably due to a breakdown of the BBB (excluding the malignant lymphoma). Measuring the tumour-to-background ratio on SSR scans improved specificity, but sensitivity was decreased below 70% because some meningiomas were only slightly positive. Only the ratio of SSR scintigraphy to conventional99mTc-DTPA brain scintigraphy (SSR-to-BS index) allowed a reliable differentiation of meningiomas from other CNS tumours, most notably from schwannomas (sensitivity: 94%; specificity: 100%). Our results support the usefulness of combined SSR and conventional brain scintigraphy in the noninvasive pre-operative diagnosis of meningiomas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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