ISSN:
1432-1041
Keywords:
clonazepam
;
neonates
;
convulsions
;
therapeutic effect
;
pharmacokinetics
Source:
Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
Topics:
Chemistry and Pharmacology
,
Medicine
Notes:
Summary Eighteen newborns (gestational age 28 to 42 weeks and post-natal age 0.5 to 44 days) suffering from convulsions not controlled by phenobarbital were treated with clonazepam 0.1 mg/kg (8 cases) or 0.2 mg/kg (10 cases) administered by slow intravenous infusion. The plasma half-lives in these ‘phenobarbital pretreated neonates’ were of the same order of magnitude as those reported in adults (20–43 h). Post-natal age did affect clearance, which was 50–70% less than in adults and older children. At the end of the infusion period, plasma clonazepam ranged from 28 to 117 ng/ml in the 0.1 mg/kg group and from 99 to 380 ng/ml in the 0.2 mg/kg group. In the former an immediate therapeutic response was observed in 7 out of 8 cases, and in the latter a significant and somehow delayed effect on convulsion was present only in 6 cases. The data suggest that optimal therapeutic response might already have been achieved with the 0.1 mg/kg dose. Higher doses and toxic concentrations of clonazepam may be detrimental to complete control of seizures and may expose the newborn to an unnecessary risk of adverse events.
Type of Medium:
Electronic Resource
URL:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00542419
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