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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 33 (1987), S. 327-329 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Schlagwort(e): disopyramide ; protein binding ; intraindividual variability ; haemodialysis ; free fatty acids ; drug monitoring
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The binding of disopyramide (DSP) to plasma (or serum) proteins was determined using an ultrafiltration technique in three patients undergoing haemodialysis. An increase in the free fraction (FF) of DSP during dialysis occurred together with elevation of the free fatty acid (FFA) level in plasma. The effect of FFA on protein binding in vitro was examined using DSP- and FFA-spiked solutions containing human α1-acid glycoprotein and serum albumin. The FF of DSP rose in proportion to increasing FFA levels, supporting the in vivo observations. The findings suggest that the free concentration of DSP should be routinely monitored, especially in haemodialysis patients.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 36 (1989), S. 175-180 
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Schlagwort(e): disopyramide ; haemodialysis ; protein binding ; intraindividual variability ; free fatty acids ; competitive inhibition
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary The plasma (or serum) protein binding of disopyramide (DSP) in five haemodialysis patients was studied using an ultrafiltration technique. There was an increase in the free fraction of DSP in the plasma on dialysis days in comparison to the levels on interdialysis days, which was associated with an elevation of the free fatty acid levels in the plasma together with the increase of the free fraction of DSP. The inhibitory effect of free fatty acids on DSP binding in an in vitro study was enhanced in proportion to their concentrations, and was shown to be due to competition at one binding site by experiments with oleic acid as a representative displacer. Certain endogenous organic acids, such as indoxyl sulphate, 2-hydroxyhippuric acid and hippuric acid, which are characteristically elevated in chronic renal failure, scarcely affected the protein binding of DSP. The findings indicate that free DSP should be monitored in patients with elevated plasma free fatty acid levels, such as those on haemodialysis therapy.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 226 (1982), S. 477-491 
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Serotonin fibers ; Spinal cord ; Immunohistochemistry ; Dog
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Distribution of serotonin fibers in the spinal cord of the dog was investigated by means of a modified PAP method; a rabbit anti-serotonin serum prepared in the laboratory of the authors was used in this study. Serotonin fibers were revealed as PAP-positive dark-brown elements displaying dot-like varicosities (0.5–2.0 μm in diameter). In the spinal cord of the dog, the distribution of serotonin fibers is extensive. These fibers occur more densely in more caudal segments and are most prominent at the sacrococcygeal level. From the level of the cervical spinal cord to the upper lumbar region, the descending serotonin fibers are located immediately under the pia mater in the ventrolateral portion of the lateral funiculus. In more caudal segments, serotonin fibers are dispersed throughout the ventral and lateral funiculi. These longitudinal en passage-fibers send numerous transverse collaterals to the gray matter. Serotonin fibers are distributed abundantly in the laminae I and III of the posterior column, while only a few fibers are found in the lamina II (substantia gelatinosa). In the intermediate zone, two descending serotonin pathways, i.e., lateral and medial longitudinal bundles, are observed to coincide topographically with the nucleus intermediolateralis at C8(T1)-L3(L4) and the nucleus intermediomedialis at C1-Co respectively. The former is particularly prominent and communicates with the contralateral bundle via commissural bundles at intervals of 300–500 μm. The large motoneurons in the anterior column, especially those in the nucleus myorabdoticus lateralis within the cervical and lumbar enlargements, are closely surrounded by fine networks of serotonin fibers and terminals.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Schlagwort(e): Serotonin fibers ; Spinal cord ; Immunohistochemistry ; Monkey (Macaca fuscata)
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Summary A modified procedure of PAP-immunohistochemistry with the use of a rabbit antiserum against serotonin was applied to investigate the pattern of serotonin-containing nerve fibers in the spinal cord of the monkey, Macaca fuscata. The majority of descending serotonin fibers in the white matter is located immediately below the pia mater in the ventrolateral funiculi. Lamina I and the outer zone of lamina II are supplied with numerous serotonin fibers. In the intermediate gray, two prominent bundles composed of longitudinal fibers, i.e., lateral and medial longitudinal serotonin bundles, were recognized at the lateral column and in the vicinity of the central canal, respectively. The motoneurons of the anterior horn are encompassed by fine networks of serotonin fibers and terminals. The results obtained from studies with the monkey spinal cord closely resemble those characteristic of the dog spinal cord as presented in a previous paper, except for portions of the lumbar level. In segments L3–L4, intercalated cell groups between the medial and lateral motor nuclei receive particularly rich inputs of serotonin fibers in the same manner as the neurons of the nucleus intermediolateralis. This peculiar finding may suggest the presence of a specialized nucleus in the anterior column of the simian and also human spinal cord.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    Bibliothek Standort Signatur Band/Heft/Jahr Verfügbarkeit
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