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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Albuminuria in Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance in Pima Indians (1989)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 32 (1989), S. 870-876 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Albuminuria ; prevalence ; diabetic nephropathy ; Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus ; impaired glucose tolerance ; American Indians
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The prevalence of abnormal urinary albumin excretion, defined by a urine albumin to creatinine ratio〉-30 mg/g (approximately equivalent to an albumin excretion rate of 〉-30 mg/24 h), was determined in 2728 Pima Indians aged 〉-15 years from the Gila River Indian Community in Arizona, a population with a high prevalence of Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. Excessive albumin excretion was present in 8% of subjects with normal glucose tolerance, 15% of those with impaired glucose tolerance, and 47% of subjects with diabetes. The intermediate prevalence of abnormal albuminuria in those with impaired glucose tolerance suggests that hyperglycaemia even at levels below those diagnostic of diabetes is associated with renal abnormalities in some subjects and that these abnormalities may precede the onset of diabetes. Abnormal albuminuria at levels not reliably detected by the usual dipstick methods was commonly observed in Pima Indians with diabetes, even those with diabetes of recent onset. Associations were found with age, duration of diabetes, level of glycaemia, blood pressure, and treatment with insulin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00297452
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The prevalence of diabetes mellitus and impaired glucose tolerance in melanesians and part-polynesians in Rural New Caledonia and ouvea (Loyalty Islands) (1982)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 23 (1982), S. 393-398 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Impaired glucose tolerance ; diabetes mellitus ; prevalence ; Melanesian ; Polynesian ; glucose tolerance ; genetics ; environment ; rural ; urban
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The study of different ethnic groups living in the same physical environment provides the opportunity to examine interaction of genetic and environmental factors in the aetiology of diabetes mellitus. In rural New Caledonia, the prevalence of diabetes was higher in part-Polynesians than in Melanesians: males — 6.6 versus 0.5%; females — 6.3 versus 3.5% respectively. The prevalence of abnormal glucose tolerance (impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes) was 11.5 and 15.7% in part-Polynesian males and females, respectively, and 4.7 and 9.2% in Melanesian males and females. Mean age and degree of obesity in these ethnic groups were sufficiently similar to suggest that these factors played no significant role in the difference in diabetes prevalence. Furthermore, adjustment of relative risk of impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes for age and obesity indicated that the modest differences between groups were not responsible for the observed variation in diabetes prevalence. The differences in prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance and diabetes between Melanesians and part-Polynesians may be genetically determined, although the role of certain environmental factors other than obesity, e.g. differences in physical activity or qualitative aspects of diet, cannot be excluded.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00260949
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Medial arterial calcification and its association with mortality and complications of diabetes (1988)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 31 (1988), S. 16-23 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Medial arterial calcification ; diabetic complications ; epidemiology ; incidence ; prevalence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Medial arterial calcification was studied among 4,553 subjects in a 20-year, longitudinal study of Pima Indians. The prevalence and incidence of medial arterial calcification were highest among men, the elderly, and patients with Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus. Medial arterial calcification was most commonly observed in the feet and appeared to progress proximally. Proportional hazards analysis was used to evaluate risk factors for medial arterial calcification in the feet and to evaluate medial arterial calcification as a risk factor for death and for complications of diabetes. Among diabetic patients, risk factors for medial arterial calcification were impaired vibration perception, long duration of diabetes, and high plasma glucose concentration (p〈0.01 for each). Among nondiabetic subjects, age, male gender (p〈0.01 for each), and high serum cholesterol concentration (p=0.02) were risk factors for medial arterial calcification. Nondiabetic subjects with medial arterial calcification did not have higher mortality rates than subjects without medial arterial calcification (rate ratio = 0.95, 95% confidence interval = 0.7–1.3). Diabetic patients with medial arterial calcification, compared with diabetic patients without medial arterial calcification, had 1.5-fold the mortality rate (95% confidence interval = 1.0–2.1), 5.5-fold the rate of amputations (95% confidence interval = 2.1–14.1), 2.4-fold the rate of proteinuria (95% confidence interval = 1.3–4.5), 1.7-fold the rate of retinopathy (95% confidence interval = 0.98–2.8), and 1.6-fold the rate of coronary artery disease (95% confidence interval = 0.48–5.4).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00279127
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
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