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Digitale Medien

Assessing Phytoestrogen Exposure in Epidemiologic Studies: Development of a Database (United States) (2000)

Horn-Ross, Pamela L. ; Barnes, Stephen ; Lee, Marion ; [weitere]

Springer

Cancer causes & control 11 (2000), S. 289-298

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ISSN: 1573-7225

Schlagwort(e): coumestrol ; isoflavones ; lignans ; nutrient database ; phytoestrogens ; soy

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Medizin

Notizen: Abstract Background and objective: Phytoestrogens (weak estrogens found in plants or derived from plant precursors by human metabolism) have been hypothesized to reduce the risk of a number of cancers. However, epidemiologic studies addressing this issue are hampered by the lack of a comprehensive phytoestrogen database for quantifying exposure. The purpose of this research was to develop such a database for use with food-frequency questionnaires in large epidemiologic studies. Methods: The database is based on consumption patterns derived from semistructured interviews with 118 African-American, Latina, and white women residing in California's San Francisco Bay Area. HPLC-mass spectrometry was used to determine the content of seven specific phytoestrogenic compounds (i.e. the isoflavones: genistein, daidzein, biochanin A, and formononetin; the coumestan: coumestrol; and the plant lignans: matairesinol and secoisolariciresinol) in each of 112 food items/groups. Results: Traditional soy-based foods were found to contain high levels of genistein and daidzein, as expected, as well as substantial amounts of coumestrol. A wide variety of "hidden" sources of soy (that is, soy protein isolate, soy concentrate, or soy flour added to foods) was observed. Several other foods (such as various types of sprouts and dried fruits, garbanzo beans, asparagus, garlic, and licorice) were also found to be substantial contributors of one or more of the phytoestrogens analyzed. Conclusions: Databases, such as the one described here, are important in assessing the relationship between phytoestrogen exposure and cancer risk in epidemiologic studies. Agencies, such as the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), that routinely provide data on food composition, on which epidemiologic investigations into dietary health effects are based, should consider instituting programs for the analysis of phytochemicals, including the phytoestrogens.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008995606699

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Digitale Medien

Rationale for the use of genistein-containing soy matrices in chemoprevention trials for breast and prostate cancer (1995)

Barnes, Stephen ; Peterson, T. Greg ; Coward, Lori

New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell

Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 59 (1995), S. 181-187

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ISSN: 0730-2312

Schlagwort(e): Animal models ; delivery choice ; genistein ; mechanisms ; soy ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology

Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin

Notizen: Pharmacologists have realized that tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) have potential as anticancer agents, both in prevention and therapy protocols. Nonetheless, concern about the risk of toxicity caused by synthetic TKIs restricted their development as chemoprevention agents. However, a naturally occurring TKI (the isoflavone genistein) in soy was discovered in 1987. The concentration of genistein in most soy food materials ranges from 1-2 mg/g. Oriental populations, who have low rates of breast and prostate cancer, consume 20-80 mg of genistein/day, almost entirely derived from soy, whereas the dietary intake of genisteinin in the US is only 1-3 mg/day. Chronic use of genistein as a chemopreventive agent has an advantage over synthetic TKIs because it is naturally found in soy foods. It could be delivered either in a purified state as a pill (to high-risk, motivated patient groups), or in the form of soy foods or soy-containing foods. Delivery of genistein in soy foods is more economically viable ($1.50 for a daily dose of 50 mg) than purified material ($5/day) and would require no prior approval by the FDA. Accordingly, investigators at several different sites have begun or are planning chemoprevention trials using a soy beverage product based on SUPROTM, an isolated soy protein manufactured by Protein Technologies International of St. Louis, MO. These investigators are examining the effect of the soy beverage on surrogate intermediate endpoint biomarkers (SIEBs) in patients at risk for breast and colon cancer, defining potential SIEBs in patients at risk for prostate cancer, and determining whether the soy beverage reduces the incidence of cancer recurrence. These studies will provide the basis for formal Phase I, Phase II and Phase III clinical trials of genistein and soy food products such as SUPROTM for cancer chemoprevention.