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  • 1
    ISSN: 0196-9781
    Keywords: Glucagon ; Glucagon antiserum ; Insulin ; Isolated perfused rat pancreas ; Somatostatin
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Glucagon ; insulin ; somatostatin ; streptozotocin ; sympathetic nerve ; diabetic rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Changes in glucagon, insulin and somatostatin secretion induced by electrical splanchnic nerve stimulation were examined in rats treated with streptozotocin as neonates and as adults. In order to study the direct neural effects we used the isolated perfused rat pancreas with intact left splanchnic nerve in vitro. In normal rats splanchnic nerve stimulation causes significant decreases in insulin (30–40%) and somatostatin (30–50%) secretion at both 16.7 mmol/l and 1 mmol/l glucose concentrations. In the neonatal streptozotocin-diabetic rats splanchnic nerve stimulation at 16.7 mmol/l glucose decreased insulin secretion (14%) further than in the control rats (30%), however, somatostatin secretion did not decrease to the same extent. Similar results were also observed at the low (1 mmol/l) glucose concentration. On the other hand, percent decreases of insulin and somatostatin secretion induced by splanchnic nerve stimulation in the streptozotocin-diabetic rats were similar to the values observed in the normal control rats. The glucagon secretion in response to splanchnic nerve stimulation at 16.7 mmol/l glucose from pancreatic Alpha cells in both types of induced diabetes is exaggerated, and the degree of exaggeration seems to parallel the severity of the hyperglycaemia. However, the splanchnic nerve stimulation-induced glucagon secretion at 1 mmol/l glucose was impaired in the streptozotocin-diabetic rats, but not in the neonatal streptozotocin-diabetic rats. These data suggest that the sensitivity of diabetic Alpha and Delta cells to sympathetic neural activation are blunted, whereas the sensitivity of Beta cells is enhanced in the diabetic animal model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 30 (1992), S. 2247-2250 
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: polymer catalyst ; formose reaction ; thiazolium salt ; hydrocarbons ; dihydroxy acetone ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Thiazolium salt polymers synthesized by quaternization of 4-(4′-vinylphenyl)thiazole (VPT) polymers with methyl iodide had a highly catalytic activity for “the formose reaction.” Their catalytic activities were comparable to that of a low molecular weight analog, 3-methyl-4-phenylthiazolium iodide (MPTI). In the reaction catalyzed by the polymer catalyst, a main product, dihydroxyacetone (DHA), was detected by gas-liquid chromatography. The polymer catalysts were easily recovered from the reaction mixture and reused with a sustained catalytic activity. © 1992 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 32 (1994), S. 1711-1717 
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: durable catalyst ; thiazolium salt ; aqueous system ; acyloin condensation ; enzyme model ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We characterized three low-molecular-weight thiazolium salt analogues: N-methyl-5-(2′-benzyloxyethyl)-4-methylthiazolium iodide (MBMTI), N-methyl-4-phenylthiazolium iodide (MPTI), and N-methylbenzothiazolium iodide (MBTI). MBMTI, having high-electron density on the thiezolium ring, was found to be a durable thiazolium salt in buffer solution. Then, the polymer-supported thiazolium salt catalyst having MBMTI structure as a catalytic site for acyloin condensation was prepared by the polymerization of the corresponding thiazole monomer and the following quaternization. The polymer catalyst had excellent catalytic activity even in buffer solution, while the corresponding low molecular weight catalyst did not show any activity in aqueous system. Furthermore, the durable polymer catalyst could be reused under the aqueous condition. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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