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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of Neuronal Proteins in Cells from Normal Adult Rat Brain Propagated in Serial Culture (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 62 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Cells have been cultured from the brains of 60-day-old rats and propagated through 12 passages. The cells contain the high and middle, but not low, molecular weight neurofilament subunits and neuron-specific enolase, demonstrated by immunoblotting and immunocyto-chemistry with redundant antibodies. The cells did not have the morphology of neurons when cultured in medium containing fetal calf serum and growth factors. In low serum medium containing the same growth factors with the addition of dibutyryl cyclic AMP, the cells became smaller and developed long processes. Three clonal lines derived from these cultures had the same properties. These observations are in agreement with recent observations using mouse and human brain tissue and demonstrate that proteins normally associated with neurons can be found in dividing cells cultured from the brains of young adult rats.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.1994.62062132.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    INSTRUMENTAL AND EXPRESSIVE TRAITS, TRAIT STEREOTYPES, AND SEXIST ATTITUDES What Do They Signify? (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Psychology of women quarterly 24 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-6402
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Psychology
    Notes: College students rated die typical male and female student and themselves on 22 instrumental (I) and 16 expressive (E) items from the PAQ (Spence & Helmreich, 1978) and the BSRI (Bern, 1974), as well as on the BSRI items “masculine” and “feminine.” They also completed measures of gender stereotypes and sexist attitudes. Significant gender stereotypes were found on all but two I and E items in both genders. Significant gender differences in self-report were found on all the E items but on only 41% of the I items, confirming our hypotheses that societal changes have led women to develop more agentic self-conceptions. The pattern of relationships found between the self-report, stereotype, and attitude measures supports the utility of a multidimensional approach to gender. Responses to the items “masculine” and “feminine” confirm the implications of our hypothesis that these items primarily assess men's and women's basic sense of gender identity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6402.2000.tb01021.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A COMPARISON OF TWO COHORTS OF COLLEGE STUDENTS IN RESPONSES TO THE MALE-FEMALE RELATIONS QUESTIONNAIRE (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Psychology of women quarterly 21 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-6402
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Psychology
    Notes: Two cohorts of male and female introductory psychology students from the same university, tested in 1978 and 1992, were given the male or the female form of the Male-Female Relations Questionnaire (MFRQ; Spence, Helmreich, & Sawin, 1980), which assesses respondents' personal gender-role preferences and behaviors in interpersonal situations. In both genders, the means of the majority of MFRQ items decreased significantly from 1978 to 1992, but item means were still fairly close to the midpoint of the response scale. Women tended to be less willing than men to assign leadership roles to men but in social interactions with the other gender, they admitted to deliberately acting “feminine” as much or more than men admitted to acting “masculine.” Correlations between the MFRQ and the Attitudes Toward Women Scale (AWS; Spence & Helmreich, 1978) were also determined and found to be substantial. Psychometric differences between the instruments suggested, however, that the MFRQ provides unique information and may often be more useful than the AWS in detecting relationships with other variables.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6402.1997.tb00112.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    DO THE BSRI AND PAQ MEASURE THE SAME OR DIFFERENT CONCEPTS? (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Psychology of women quarterly 15 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-6402
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Psychology
    Notes: The present article assesses Frable's (1989) contention that the Personal Attributes Questionnaire (PAQ) measures only desirable instrumental and expressive characteristics, whereas the Bem Sex Role inventory (BSRI) measures gender schema and related gender concepts. Comparison of the two instruments indicates, first, that they are similar in content and that the parallel M and F scales are substantially correlated. Further, the results obtained with the two instruments in three areas (self-esteem, sex-role attitudes, and gender-schematic processing) suggest that both are valid measures of desirable instrumental and expressive traits. Sexrole attitudes, however, tend to have small and typically nonsignificant relationships with both sets of scales, whereas few studies of gender schematic processing have produced replicable results even with the BSRI. However, Bem and her associates have reported positive results using other designs that have yet to be replicated using either the BSRI or the PAQ. Thus, in response to Frable's (1989) assertion, it seems at best premature to come to any conclusion about whether one, both, or neither of the questionnaires measure broad gender constructs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6402.1991.tb00483.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    “DEVELOPING A SCALE TO MEASURE THE DIVERSITY OF FEMINIST ATTITUDES” (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Psychology of women quarterly 22 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-6402
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Psychology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6402.1998.tb00160.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE ATTITUDES TOWARD WOMEN SCALE AND ATTITUDE CHANGE IN COLLEGE STUDENTS (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Psychology of women quarterly 21 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-6402
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Psychology
    Notes: To determine cohort changes in gender-role attitudes, responses to the 15-item form of the Attitudes Toward Women Scale (AWS; Spence & Helmreich, 1972a, 1978) were compared for students at the same university tested in 1972, 1976, 1980, and 1992. In both males and females, members of the 1992 cohort were the most egalitarian, and members of the 1972 cohort were the least egalitarian. In all groups, women were significantly less traditional in their attitudes than men. As has been found in previous studies, detailed analyses of the data from the 1992 cohort revealed that the scale was unifactorial, but that the score distributions were skewed. There was also some indication of ceiling effects at the egalitarian end of the scale, particularly in women. The implications of these latter results for the usefulness of the AWS in current research were explored.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6402.1997.tb00098.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Implicit Theories of Masculinity and Femininity: Dualistic or Bipolar? (1979)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Psychology of women quarterly 3 (1979), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-6402
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Psychology
    Notes: The present study addressed the question of whether persons’implicit personality theories include the notion that the possession of masculine and feminine characteristics tend to preclude each other so that the two clusters of attributes are perceived to be negatively correlated. Subjects (college students) were given one of four basic descriptions of a group of men or women. These descriptions specified the presence or absence of “masculine” or “feminine” attributes as defined by the Personal Attributes Questionnaire (PAQ). Subjects given descriptions specifying the presence or absence of “masculine” characteristics were asked the extent to which they could make inferences about the presence or absence of “feminine” characteristics. An analogous procedure was implemented for the descriptions specifying the presence or absence of “feminine” characteristics. The results confirm the hypothesis that individuals tend to perceive a negative relationship between masculinity and femininity in others.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6402.1979.tb00544.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masculine Instrumentality and Feminine Expressiveness: Their Relationships with Sex Role Attitudes and Behaviors (1980)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Psychology of women quarterly 5 (1980), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-6402
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Psychology
    Notes: Data from the Bern Sex Role Inventory (BSRI) and the Personal Attributes Questionnaire (PAQ) Masculinity and Femininity scales have led to the hypothesis that androgynous individuals are more “behaviorally flexible” than others, manifesting both masculine and feminine role behaviors. Sex-role androgyny is also said to have other beneficial consequences such as high self esteem. The content of these instruments, however, is largely confined to socially desirable instrumental (masculine) and expressive (feminine) personality traits. A review of the literature indicates that these abstract trait dimensions have only minimal relationships with sex-role attitudes and sex-role behaviors not tapping instrumentality and expressiveness, and provide little support for the general behavioral flexibility hypothesis. Although PAQ and BSRI findings cannot be generalized to sex-role behaviors in general, the literature suggests that instrumentality and expressiveness per se have important implications. Appreciation of their contributions may be advanced more rapidly if these trait dimensions are disentangled from global concepts of sex-roles or masculinity, femininity, and androgyny.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-6402.1980.tb00951.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reaction of phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase with (Z)-3-bromophosphoenolpyruvate and (Z)-3-fluorophosphoenolpyruvate (1988)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 27 (1988), S. 1336-1341 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi00404a037
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    PATTERNS OF BOWHEAD WHALE DISTRIBUTION AND ABUNDANCE NEAR BARROW, ALASKA, IN FALL 1982-1989 (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Marine mammal science 8 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1748-7692
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Although the distribution and relative abundance of bowhead whales varied annually within the fall whaling area near Barrow, Alaska, the distance of whales from shore was not significantly different among years 1982-1989 (ANOVA, F= 0.5, P 〉 0.5). The minimum detectable distance for the ANOVA was 12 km (α= 0.05, β= 0.1). Annual median distance of random bowhead sightings from shore ranged from 23 to 39 km, with an eight-year median of 32 km. Highest annual bowhead sighting rates were positively associated with the proportion of feeding whales, indicating that whale feeding opportunities may affect the availability of whales within hunting range each fall.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-7692.1992.tb00122.x
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