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  • Artikel: DFG Deutsche Nationallizenzen  (21)
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 6 (1994), S. 397-403 
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Smoke visualization studies have been made on the flow fields of wall bounded vortices generated by puffing air through an orifice. The characteristics of wall bounded vortices produced by three orifices constructed by placing a dividing plate perpendicular to a circular orifice plate have been investigated. The three orifices were a full circular opening, a three-quarter circular opening, and a semicircular opening. It was found that the vorticity concentrated in the wall shear layer of the three-quarter and semicircular orifices was due to the separation of the boundary layer on the dividing plate and its interaction with the arch shaped vortex generated at the perimeter of the orifice. An interesting observation is that the wall bounded vortex from the semicircular orifice moved in a stable manner, whereas, the vortex ring produced by the circular orifice with the dividing plate at the bottom of the orifice was extremely unstable.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 14 (2002), S. 143-149 
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: For a vortex ring at Re=1600, it was found that two types of azimuthal flow (axial flow) exist inside the vortex tube. The axial flow appears when the amplitude of a wavy deformation of the vortex ring becomes appreciable. The axial flow starts to grow before the wave-breaking and its speed increases gradually. In order to investigate the relation between the deformation of the vortex core and the axial flow, the flow field was examined experimentally using smoke visualization and the smoke wire technique simultaneously. Axial flow velocities are estimated from flow visualization images. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    New York, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 1 (1989), S. 1280-1282 
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: A wall vortex was found, which was induced by, and moved together with, a confined vortex pair, near the parallel plates between which the confined vortex pair was traveling. The generation of the wall vortex can be attributed to the boundary layer separation that was caused by the characteristic flow field of the vortex pair itself.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of organic chemistry 40 (1975), S. 1351-1353 
    ISSN: 1520-6904
    Quelle: ACS Legacy Archives
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-0843
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary Eighty-four previously treated adult patients with acute leukemia and malignant lymphoma were treated with (2″R)-4′-O-tetrahydropyranyladriamycin (THP). THP (10–55 mg/m2) was administered by i.v. bolus injection daily for acute leukemia, and according to three different schedules for malignant lymphoma: daily, weekly or once every 3–4 weeks. Complete and partial remission (CR and PR) were achieved by 1 (5%) and 3 of 19 patients with acute myelogenous leukemia and by 2 (13%) and 3 of 15 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, respectively. All CRs were in the groups receiving 25 mg/m2 THP daily. CR and PR were achieved by 6 (14%) and 8 of 42 patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and by 4 (50%) and 2 of 8 patients with Hodgkin's disease (HD), respectively. No particular sensitivity was found among the subtypes of NHL and HD. Response (CR+PR) was noted in 10 (40%) of 25 patients treated every 3–4 weeks, in 1 (17%) of 6 treated weekly, and in 9 (47%) of 19 treated daily. The major side effects were myelosuppression and gastrointestinal toxicities. Alopecia was observed in only 10 (12%) patients. ECG abnormalities were observed in 7 (10%) patients, all of whom had previously been treated with other anthracyclines. No severe cardiotoxicity was observed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-0843
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Summary N4-Palmitoyl-1-β-D-arabinofuranosylcytosine (PLAC) was administered PO to 76 patients with acute leukemia, myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs), and myeloproliferative disorders (MPDs). Of 20 patients with acute myelogenous leukemia, 2 achieved complete remission, and the only patient with acute lymphoblastic leukemia achieved partial remission. Remission was reached with PLAC 100–300 mg/day 25–66 days after the start of therapy. Among 22 patients with MDS, 1 patient achieved a good response and 8 achieved partial response. Responses were reached with PLAC 50–200 mg/day 7–153 days (median, 33 days) after the start of therapy. Improvement of polycythemia was observed in all 5 patients with polycythemia vera, and reduction of thrombocytosis was observed in 5 out of 6 patients with essential thrombocythemia and myelofibrosis. An antileukemia effect was noted in 1 of 5 with chronic myelogenous leukemia. Major side effects were gastrointestinal toxicities and myelosupression. In spite of the disadvantages, such as unpredictable absorption and a lower response rate to acute leukemia compared with its parent compound, this antileukemia Ara-C analogue that is administrable PO will be useful in the treatment of MDSs and MPDs, which do not necessarily require admission to hospital, and in the treatment of acute leukemia of the aged, a condition for which intensive chemotherapy is not appropriate.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Schlagwort(e): Renal gluconeogenesis ; Chronic metabolic acidosis ; Potassium depletion ; Microdissected nephron segment ; Superficial nephron ; Juxtamedullary nephron ; Nephron heterogeneity ; Substrate specificity
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract The intra- and inter-nephron heterogeneity of renal gluconeogenesis within rat proximal tubules and the effects of chronic metabolic acidosis and chronic potassium(K)-depletion were studied using isolated proximal tubules of rats by directly measuring glucose synthesized. The gluconeogenic activity from pyruvate and glutamine in control rats was almost limited to within the early proximal tubule (S1: 45.4±5.7 pmol/mm/60 min from pyruvate; 58.0±6.0 from glutamine). Very low, but detectable gluconeogenesis was observed in the middle portion of the proximal tubule (S2:9.9±2.2 from pyruvate; 4.8±1.1 from glutamine). The rate of glucose production in the terminal proximal tubule (S3) was negligible. Furthermore, gluconeogenesis from glutamine of superficial (SF) nephrons was significantly higher than that of juxtamedullary (JM) ones, whereas no difference was seen in gluconeogenesis from pyruvate. In acidotic and K-depleted rats, significant increase could be seen in S1 and S2, but the increase in S3 was not significant. By the serial determination in acidosis, the glucose production from both substrates was found to be the highest at the second 1 mm segment from the glomerulus, and it decreased downward along the proximal tubule. In acidosis, glucose production from both substrates in SF nephrons and that from glutamine in JM ones were elevated significantly compared with the control, but that from pyruvate in JM nephrons did not change. These results suggest that S1 of the SF nephron plays the most important role in gluconeogenesis in the control, whereas S1 of the JM nephron and S2 contribute to gluconeogenesis in acidotic and/or possibly K-depleted rats.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1573-904X
    Schlagwort(e): mepitiostane ; intrinsic lymphatic partition rate ; intestinal lymphatics ; portal absorption ; epitiostanol ; oleic acid
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract Mepitiostane (MP), epitiostanol (EP), and oleic acid were administered to the jejunal loop of mesenteric vein- and thoracic duct-cannulated rats, and the intrinsic lymphatic partition rate (ILPR) of the absorbed compounds was directly determined. When 14C-EP was administered to the jejunal loop, recovery of unchanged EP in the mesenteric blood and the lymph was 7.9 and 0.03% of the administered dose, respectively. In contrast, following administration of 14C-MP, recovery of unchanged MP in the mesenteric blood and the lymph was 1.2 and 15.0%, respectively. Thus, following passage through the mucosal cell, 99.6% of the unchanged EP was partitioned into the blood and 0.4% into the lymph, while for unchanged MP, 7.6% was partitioned into the blood and 92.4% into the lymph. When 14C-oleic acid was administered to the jejunal loop, most of the penetrating oleic acid was incorporated into triglycerides in epithelial cells and transferred exclusively into the lymph. However, of the unchanged oleic acid, only 37.6% was partitioned into the lymph and 62.4% into the blood. The ILPR was 92.4% for MP, 0.4% for EP, and 37.6% for oleic acid. We conclude that the ILPR values indicate the true lymphotropic property of the compounds.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Springer
    Pharmaceutical research 9 (1992), S. 1617-1621 
    ISSN: 1573-904X
    Schlagwort(e): mepitiostane ; epitiostanol ; intrinsic lymphatic partition rate ; lipophilicity ; chylomicron
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract Substitution of the steroid epitiostanol (EP) at position 17 with methoxycyclopentane yields the extremely lipophilic mepitiostane (MP) with preferential partitioning into the lymph. Most of the MP in the lymph was associated with the core lipids of chylomicrons and very low-density lipoproteins (VLDL), as was also the case for EP. However, the dialysis velocity of EP and MP from lymph to plasma differed greatly; EP, but not MP, was transferred from the lymph to the plasma. This difference was attributed to differences in their unbound fraction in the lymph. Lymphatic transfer and the logP value of several tested steroids correlated well. Therefore, the oral EP prodrug, MP, partitioned into the lymph because of its superlipophilicity and resultant retention in the core lipids of chylomicrons and VLDL.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1573-904X
    Schlagwort(e): mepitiostane ; superlipophilicity ; lymph–blood partition ratio ; dynamic partitioning model ; chylomicron
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract The partition of mepitiostane, testosterone, and some structurally related compounds between lymph and blood in rat jejunum (lymph–blood partition ratio; LBPR) was determined, and the quantitative relationship between LBPR and lipophilicity was examined. When the ΔR m values (hydrophobic parameter derived from the mobility) relative to testosterone were 〈0.2, their logLBPRs remained approximately constant in the range of −2 to −3. When the ΔR m values of the compounds were 〉0.2, a linear correlation (r = 0.986, n = 8) was observed between these values and the logLBPRs. The LBPR, but not the extent of lymphatic absorption, of lipophilic molecules was determined strictly by the superlipophilicity, and for high partitioning into the lymph (〉50% of the absorbed amount), the ΔR m value had to be 〉0.50 (5.65 as the logP value). The relationship between LBPR and superlipophilicity could be explained on the basis of the theoretical equations derived from absorption kinetics based on a dynamic partitioning model.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
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