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  • Digitale Medien  (33)
  • 1985-1989  (33)
  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    On the thermodynamic solution of the Boltzmann equation and nonlinear irreversible thermodynamics (1989)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Mathematical Physics 30 (1989), S. 1329-1337 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7658
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Mathematik , Physik
    Notizen: Based on the results of a previous paper on the thermodynamic solution of the Boltzmann equation, some important questions in nonlinear irreversible thermodynamics are reexamined; specifically, the Gibbs relations, the Onsager relations, and the relationship between thermodynamic stability in terms of the entropy balance equation and the dynamical stability of the hydrodynamic equations.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.528313
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Comment on "Constant-current-density model for the anomalous Hall effects in Hg0.8Cd0.2Te'' [Appl. Phys. Lett. 53, 307 (1988)] (1989)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 54 (1989), S. 1480-1480 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.101329
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Inverted surface effect of p-type HgCdTe (1987)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 51 (1987), S. 1836-1838 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: By surface passivation using anodic sulfidization, we demonstrated that the inverted surface effect which gives rise to negative Hall coefficients commonly measured in p-type HgCdTe at low temperatures can be eliminated. Our results of Hall measurements as a function of magnetic field at 77 K and computer simulations allow us to distinguish two different existing models (with shunting or nonshunting n-type inversion layer) of the inverted surface effect. Bulk and surface transport parameters such as hole concentration, hole mobility, surface electron concentration, and surface electron mobility have been derived from computer best fits of experimental Hall coefficient curves.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.98486
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Magnetic and atomic short-range order in Ni-Mn base amorphous alloys (invited) (1987)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 61 (1987), S. 3219-3224 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Magnetic and compositional short-range correlations in amorphous (MnxNi1−x)75P16B6Al3 (x=0, 0.2, 0.3, and 0.4) were studied by neutron scattering. The spatial magnetic correlation in the alloy with x=0.4 was determined by spin polarized scattering, and it was shown that Mn spins are coupled either antiferromagnetically or ferromagnetically depending upon the separation. The composition dependence of the atomic pair distribution functions obtained by pulsed neutron scattering indicated that there is a strong compositional short-range ordering between Mn and Ni atoms, and that Mn atoms are separated from each other by more than a contact distance. We also present the first clear observation of the annealing effect on the compositional short-range order, in the alloy with x=0.4.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.338909
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The activation energy of copper shallow acceptors in mercury cadmium telluride (1987)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 61 (1987), S. 787-789 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: The thermal activation energy (E0) of isolated copper shallow acceptors in bulk Hg0.8Cd0.2Te has been determined using variable-temperature Hall measurements on samples with 77-K carrier concentrations ranging between 1015 and 1017 cm−3. It was found that the decrease of the activation energy with the increasing hole concentration can be adequately described by the screening of the acceptor potential by free carriers. The measured E0 (11.5 meV) also agrees well with that predicted by the effective-mass theory.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.338181
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The temperature dependence of the anomalous Hall effects in p-type HgCdTe (1989)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 65 (1989), S. 1571-1577 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: The anomalous Hall effects of narrow-band-gap p-type HgCdTe, which manifest themselves as negative Hall coefficients at low temperatures, have caused serious problems in material characterization in the past two decades. These phenomena are now widely recognized as being caused by the inverted surface effect describable by Petritz's two-layer model [Phys. Rev. 110, 1254 (1958)]. We report results from variable-temperature Hall measurements on p-type HgCdTe liquid-phase epitaxy and bulk slices with bare, anodically sulfidized, and anodically oxidized surfaces. We show that the Hall anomalies can be eliminated by depositing an anodic sulfide layer on the surface and subsequently can be restored by removing the sulfide layer. Based on Petritz's two-layer model, we were able to use the same set of bulk transport parameters and different sets of surface transport parameters to fit the experimental temperature-dependent Hall coefficient and Hall mobility curves of the same sample with surfaces that have been subjected to different chemical treatments. It was demonstrated that the Hall anomalies occurred when the n-type surface conductivity increased relative to the p-type bulk conductivity. The surface conductivity is mainly controlled by the density of fixed positive surface charges which was found to be larger on an anodically oxidized surface and smaller on an anodically sulfidized surface than on a bare surface.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.342975
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Missing magnetic moment in spinel iron oxide films (abstract) (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 63 (1988), S. 3801-3801 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: This work studies the influence of oxygen flow and substrate temperature on the physical properties of reactive sputtered thin films of iron oxide spinels. We have focused on the variations of the magnetic moment, which can be as low as 20% of the bulk value, for certain experimental conditions. We present a model which attributes the missing moment to a mispopulation of Fe moments on the A and B sites. Direct experimental evidence to prove this model is obtained from conversion electron Mössbauer spectroscopic experiments, which correlate the missing moment with increased A-site population compared with the "textbook'' population (only 8 A sites out of 64 are filled). For example, samples deposited at room temperature have always a low moment and are found to have a large A-site population. When the samples are annealed in vacuum under specific conditions to maintain the oxygen ratio and to give kinetic energy to the atoms to reach their spinel positions, an increase of the magnetic moment is observed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.340619
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effect of surface tension gradient driven convection in a laser melt pool: Three-dimensional perturbation model (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 64 (1988), S. 6166-6174 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: A three-dimensional model of the thermocapillary flow within the molten region during laser surface heating is developed. This physically corresponds to the process of a stationary laser beam irradiating on the surface of a moving workpiece. The recirculating flow due to the surface tension gradient is much faster than the scanning motion. This allows a perturbation solution. The basic solution corresponds to the stationary axisymmetric case, and the perturbation is based on a small scanning velocity. The advantage of seeking a perturbation solution is that the three-dimensional flow is modeled by two sets of two-dimensional equations which are presumably much more tractable than the original three-dimensional equations. Numerical solutions are obtained. The solid-liquid interface is determined by an iterative scheme. In the presence of the recirculating flow, the heat transfer becomes convection dominated. The absorbed laser energy is convected sideways so that a wider and shallower molten region is obtained. The molten pool shape is obtained and presented. The effect of various operation parameters (such as laser power, beam radius) on the pool shape are obtained and discussed. The cooling rate of resolidifying materials is also determined. Trajectory of a fluid particle is presented. This provides the most realistic scenario of mixing in a laser melted pool obtained to date. This also gives a semiquantitative understanding of the mechanism of solute redistribution. The effect of alloying elements, which may change the temperature dependence to an increasing function, is also considered. A reverse recirculating vortex is obtained and its effect on pool shape is presented and discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.342121
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Observation of auto-oscillations and chaos in subsidiary absorption in yttrium iron garnet (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 64 (1988), S. 5480-5482 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Auto-oscillations of the dynamic magnetization and routes to chaos for the first-order transverse pump spin-wave instability have been studied in single-crystal yttrium-iron-garnet (YIG) films. The measurements reported here were made on a 20.8-μm-thick YIG film at 9.4 GHz with the static and microwave fields in the plane of the film. Auto-oscillations at 100–400 kHz were observed in the power absorbed by the film over a relatively narrow static field range of 1100–1460 Oe, compared to the first-order instability (FOI) range of 0–1630 Oe. The auto-oscillation frequency and threshold microwave field amplitude were both strongly field dependent. The threshold amplitudes were about a factor of 2 larger than the FOI threshold amplitudes. At even higher power levels and for an even narrower field range of 1300–1380 Oe, the auto-oscillations showed frequency changes indicative of chaotic behavior. Several different subharmonic bifurcation routes to chaos were observed for different fields within the chaotic region.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.342353
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Monte Carlo simulations of amorphous hydrogenated silicon thin-film growth (1987)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 61 (1987), S. 2866-2873 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Monte Carlo simulations of amorphous hydrogenated silicon thin-film growth are carried out to examine the effects of film growth reactions, etching reactions, and surface diffusion on three-dimensional film structure. Although a simulated film contains 1000 silicon atoms or less, the hydrogen content and density can be extrapolated to bulk values. The predicted bulk values of the hydrogen content, 11–44 at. %, and density, 1.8–2.0 g/cm3, are consistent with experimental results. The surface diffusion of silicon-containing species is found to have the most significant effect on the final film properties. A knowledge of the specific chemical mechanism leading to film growth is not assumed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.337882
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