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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Dependence of water movement on sodium transport in kidney proximal tubule: A microperfusion study substituting lithium for sodium (1981)
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 62 (1981), S. 105-111 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Schlagwort(e): Water fluxes ; Na fluxes ; proximal tubule microperfusion ; Li substitution ; rat kidney
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Summary The relationship between water and sodium movements through the mammalian proximal convoluted tubule was investigated by substituting lithium for sodium. Proximal convoluted rat Kidney tubules were perfusedin vivo with a Ringer solution containing 107 meq/liter lithium and 42 meq/liter sodium. Several micropunctures were made along the same nephron, and [3H] inulin, [14C] glucose,22Na, osmolality, Na, Mg and Cl were determined on each sample. Measurements of22Na showed that sodium and lithium diffusion rates were practically identical throughout the entire epithelium. A one- for-one exchange of sodium for lithium induced a negative trans-epithelial net flux of Na from plasma to lumen. However, despite this negative flux, a positive net water movement was measured from lumen to plasma. This movement was proportional both to glucose reabsorption and to the rise in the chloride concentration, two mechanisms known to be dependent on the trans-cellular movement of sodium. It was therefore concluded that the net water flux was a function of the unidirectional transcellular net flux of Na. Rabbit proximal convoluted tubules were perfusedin vitro with a solution containing 75 meq/liter Li and 75 meq/liter Na on both the luminal and peritubular sides. Under these conditions, the water reabsorption rate dropped to half its control value. Water movement was therefore a function of the external sodium concentration, which in turn probably regulates the intracellular Na concentration.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01870204
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Electron Probe Analysis of Biological Fluids: Possibilities and Limitations (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 428 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1984.tb12286.x
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Renal function and concentrating ability in a desert rodent: The gundi(Ctenodactylus vali) (1981)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 390 (1981), S. 138-144 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Schlagwort(e): Desert rodents ; Renal concentrating ability ; Medullary recycling of urea ; Renal vascular organization ; Structure-function relationship
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Clearance and cortical micropuncture experiments were carried out on non diuretic gundis. In this species, the kidney has a long and well developed papilla but, unlike other desert rodents, the vascular organization of the outer medulla is very simple. After withdrawal of water supply for either 24 h or 3 days before the experiments, the urine osmolality was only 1,361±57,n=9, before and 1,136±89 mosmol ·kg−1 during anesthesia. The GFR per 100 g B. W. (0.450 ml ·min−1) is lower than in the rat studied under similar conditions. With regard to electrolytes the tubular handling of Na, Ca, K and Mg is similar to that observed for another desert rodent, psammomys obesus. For P, massive reabsorption (more than 30% of the filtered load) takes place along the distal convoluted tubule. The relatively poor concentrating ability of the gundi's kidney is not due to a lack of medullary recycling of urea since a net addition of urea to short loops of Henle is observed in this species. Physiological and morphological observations concerning the gundi and other desert rodent species suggest that the vascular bundle development in the outer medulla might affect the renal response to water deprivation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00590196
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Stimulation by human calcitonin of electrolyte transport in distal tubules of rat kidney (1983)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 399 (1983), S. 111-118 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Schlagwort(e): Calcitonin ; Distal tubule ; Micropuncture ; Electron-probe ; Brattleboro rats
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract The effects of human calcitonin (HCT) on the distal tubule were investigated by micropuncture in hormone-deprived rats, i.e. in the absence of parathyroid hormone, antidiuretic hormone and glucagon, which might have masked these effects. Two groups of rats were studied: hormone-deprived and hormone-deprived+HCT, infused at 1.0 mU/min\100 g b.w. In the urine, HCT markedly reduced Ca and Mg excretion whereas excretion of water, Na and K was not significantly affected. Along the distal tubule, HCT strongly enhanced Na, Cl, Mg, Ca and total solute reabsorption, decreased K secretion but did not alter water or phosphate transport. It is concluded that HCT stimulated Na, Cl, Ca and Mg reabsorption. If, as suggested, HCT also stimulated the reabsorptive component of K transport, the hormone should therefore elicit the same physiological effects in the distal tubule and the thick ascending limb.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00663905
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effects of antidiuretic hormone on electrolyte reabsorption and secretion in distal tubules of rat kidney (1984)
    Springer
    Pflügers Archiv 401 (1984), S. 167-173 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Schlagwort(e): Brattleboro ; Antidiuretic hormone ; Calcitonin ; Parathyroid hormone ; Glucagon ; Electrolyte ; Micropuncture ; Electron probe
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract The effects of (1-desamino-8-d-arginine) vasopressin (dDAVP) on water and electrolyte transport in the distal tubule were investigated by micropuncture. Since, in addition to antidiuretic hormone, parathyroid hormone, calcitonin and glucagon stimulate the adenylate-cyclase system in this nephron segment, experiments were performed on hormone-deprived rats, i.e. homozygous DI Brattleboro rats with reduced levels of endogenous parathyroid hormone, calcitonin and glucagon. Along the distal tubule, dDAVP enhanced water, Cl, Na and Ca reabsorption and sharply increased net K secretion. Phosphate transport was left unchanged and Mg reabsorption was not significantly altered by dDAVP between the early and late distal tubule. Antidiuretic hormone also slightly increased water filtration rate in the superficial nephron, which rose in proportion to whole kidney glomerular filtration rate. It is concluded that, in rats: 1) antidiuretic hormone stimulates water, NaCl and Ca absorption and enhances K secretion along the distal tubule and 2) the tubular effects of dDAVP on electrolyte transport in the loop and distal tubule are responsible for decreasing Mg and Ca urinary excretion.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00583877
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