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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with multiple system degeneration: a report of an autopsy case without respirator administration (1999)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 98 (1999), S. 512-515 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ; Dentate ; nucleus ; Multiple system degeneration ; Respirator ; Substantia nigra
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This report concerns an autopsy case of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) with unusual clinical and neuropathological findings. The patient was a Japanese man without hereditary burden who was 49 years old at the time of death. His clinical manifestation included dysarthria at age 48, followed by dysphagia, atrophy and fasciculation of the tongue, muscle weakness in the four extremities, tremor, rigidity, increased deep tendon reflexes in the upper and lower extremities, and incoordination of the four extremities. He died of respiratory failure 12 months after the disease onset. No respirator administration was performed throughout the clinical course. The neuropathological examination revealed not only degeneration of upper and lower motor neuron systems, including the presence of Bunina bodies and ubiquitin-immunoreactive neuronal inclusions in the lower motor neurons, but also prominent degeneration of the substantia nigra and dentate nucleus with slight neuronal loss in the locus ceruleus and pontine nucleus. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of sporadic ALS without dementia and respirator support, showing degeneration of the substantia nigra and dentate nucleus. This report may contribute to the resolution of the question concerning the neuropathological heterogeneity of sporadic ALS with respiratory support.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004010051117
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distribution of cerebral cortical lesions in corticobasal degeneration: a clinicopathological study of five autopsy cases in Japan (1997)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 94 (1997), S. 416-424 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Cerebral cortical lesion ; Clinicopathological correlation ; Corticobasal degeneration ; Pick’s disease ; Progressive supranuclear palsy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We investigated five Japanese patients with autopsy-proven corticobasal degeneration (CBD) both clinically and pathologically, and examined the distribution of their cerebral cortical lesions in hemisphere specimens. The lesions were classified into three categories (slight, moderate and severe). Only two of our patients had clinical features considered to be typical of CBD. Severe lesions were present in the posterior portions of the frontal lobe, anterior to the precentral gyrus in two patients with the clinical diagnosis of CBD. By comparison, in two patients with clinically diagnosed frontal Pick’s disease, and one with the clinical diagnosis of progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), severe lesions were seen in the anterior portions of the frontal lobe. The primary motor area of all five had mostly slight to moderate lesions. We postulate that the clinical features of CBD have a much wider spectrum than previously believed. Our data also indicate that the lesion responsible for limb-kinetic apraxia in CBD is in the premotor cortex. We suggest that when the anterior portions of the frontal lobe are damaged, the clinical picture mimics those of Pick’s disease and PSP. In addition, we consider that focal cerebral atrophy of CBD is multicentric.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004010050728
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with onset in bulbar sign, benign clinical course, and Bunina bodies: a clinical, genetic, and pathological study of a Japanese family (2000)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 100 (2000), S. 603-607 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Bunina bodies ; Cu/Zn superoxide ; dismutase ; Familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ; Neuropathology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report a Japanese family with autosomal dominant adult-onset amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (FALS) with onset in the bulbar musculature, clinically benign course, absence of the Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD 1) gene mutation, and many Bunina bodies, in addition to involvement of the upper and lower motor neurons. The proband was a Japanese woman who was 66 years old at the time of death. Family history disclosed five patients with FALS over three generations. She developed dysarthria at age 57, followed by dysphagia, muscle weakness of the upper extremities, and difficulty in respiration. She could walk without support until her death. The elder sister of the proband developed dysarthria at age 48 and died at age 58. A genetic study of the nephew of the proband showed the absence of a mutation in the SOD 1 gene. Neuropathological examination of the proband disclosed neuronal loss in the upper and lower motor neurons, and numerous Bunina bodies in the lower motor neurons without Lewy body-like inclusions or ubiquitin-immunoreactive neuronal inclusions. No degeneration of the Clarke’s column, middle root zone of the posterior column, or posterior spinocerebellar tract was present. Review of the literature revealed that only patients with FALS with a long survival period of over 5 years had pathological findings consistent with FALS with posterior column involvement. This study contributes to the elucidation of the clinicopathological heterogeneity of FALS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004010000237
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Adaptive modification of membrane phospholipid fatty acid composition and metabolic thermosuppression of brown adipose tissue in heat-acclimated rats (2000)
    Springer
    International journal of biometeorology 43 (2000), S. 163-168 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1254
    Keywords: Key words Brown adipose tissue ; Fatty acid profile ; Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) ; Heat acclimation ; In vitro oxygen consumption
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geography , Physics
    Notes: Abstract  Thermogenesis, especially facultative thermogenesis by brown adipose tissue (BAT), is less important in high ambient temperature and the heat-acclimated animals show a lower metabolic rate. Adaptive changes in the metabolic activity of BAT are generally found to be associated with a modification of membrane phospholipid fatty acid composition. However, the effect of heat acclimation on membrane phospholipid fatty acid composition is as yet unknown. In this study, we examined the thermogenic activity and phospholipid fatty acid composition of interscapular BAT from heat-acclimated rats (control: 25±1°C, 50% relative humidity and heat acclimation: 32±0.5°C, 50% relative humidity). Basal thermogenesis and the total thermogenic capacity after noradrenaline stimulation, as estimated by in vitro oxygen consumption of BAT (measured polarographically using about 1-mm3 tissue blocks), were smaller in the heat-acclimated group than in the control group. There was no difference in the tissue content of phospholipids between the groups when expressed per microgram of DNA. The phospholipid fatty acid composition was analyzed by a capillary gas chromatograph. The state of phospholipid unsaturation, as estimated by the number of double bonds per fatty acid molecule, was similar between the groups. The saturated fatty acid level was higher in the heat-acclimated group. Among the unsaturated fatty acids, heat acclimation decreased docosahexaenoic acid and oleic acid levels, and increased the arachidonic acid level. The tissue level of docosahexaenoic acid correlated with the basal oxygen consumption of BAT (r=0.6, P〈0.01) and noradrenaline-stimulated maximum values of oxygen consumption (r=0.5, P〈0.05). Our results show that heat acclimation modifies the BAT phospholipid fatty acids, especially the n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid docosahexaenoic acid, which is possibly involved in the metabolic thermosuppression.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004840050003
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new MRI technique for demonstrating the surface of the brain together with the cortical veins (1999)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 41 (1999), S. 425-427 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Brain ; anatomy ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We assessed combining of surface-anatomy scanning (SAS) MRI and MR venography (MRV). We obtained SAS images with a half-Fourier single-shot fast spin-echo sequence, then MRV of the identical section with a two-dimensional phase-contrast technique. We then added the two sets of images. The combined images, which were obtained within 10 min, provided information about the surface anatomy and cortical veins. This simple technique is useful for demonstrating brain surface structures, especially in patients from whom one plans to excise a lesion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002340050776
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    MR cisternography using a three-dimensional half-Fourier single-shot fast spin-echo sequence (1998)
    Springer
    European radiology 8 (1998), S. 424-426 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: Cisternography ; MR imaging ; Half-Fourier imaging ; Cranial nerves
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Application of a three-dimensional half-fourier single-shot fast spin-echo sequence to MR cisternography is presented. This technique is capable of demonstrating normal cranial nerves. It is also useful in screening for acoustic neuroma as well as in the diagnosis of neurovascular compression.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003300050405
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A study on optimal motion of a biped locomotion machine (1999)
    Springer
    Artificial life and robotics 3 (1999), S. 55-60 
    Details
    ISSN: 1614-7456
    Keywords: Biped locomotion ; Optimal motion ; Inverse kinematics ; Inverse dynamics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract In this paper we propose a calculation method for the optimal trajectory of a biped locomotion machine which is based on inverse kinematics and inverse dynamics. First, the trajectory of the waist is expressed by a Fourier series, where the bases are selected appropriately so that the periodic boundary conditions are strictly satisfied. A biped locomotion machine establishes optimal walking by using kicking forces to the ground at the moment of switching legs. In order to include the effecs of the kicking forces, additional terms that indicate the impulsive forces at the moment of switching legs are included in the formulation. Then the angles of each joint are determined by inverse kinematics, and using inverse dynamics, the input torques of each joint are expressed in terms of Fourier coefficients. By defining the performance index as a quadratic form of the input torques, the motion planning problem is formulated as an optimization problem of the trajectory of the waist, whose paramaters are Fourier coefficients of the trajactory of the waist. Using the successive quadratic programming (SQP) method, the optimal trajectory of a biped locomotion machine is obtained.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02481247
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