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  • 11
    ISSN: 1432-2013
    Keywords: Renal Hemodynamics ; Renal Autoregulation ; Microspheres
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Isolated rat kidneys were perfused with either a modified Krebs-Henseleit solution containing a gelatine preparation (Haemaccel, 35 g/l) or with a suspension of washed bovine red blood cells (RBC). When perfusion pressure (PP) was varied repeatedly in the range between 30 and 210 mm Hg autoregulation of renal plasma flow (RPF) was almost complete in RBC perfused kindneys. Changes of PP by steps of 20 mm Hg at intervals of 5 min resulted in an incomplete autoregulation of RPF and glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Renin release (RR) was inversely related to PP in the range between 50 and 150 mm Hg, while perfusion at a pressure below or above that range had no further effect on RR. The most marked increase in RR was obtained, when PP was reduced from 90 to 70 mm Hg. After reduction of PP, an increase in RR was measurable within 1 min, and a maximum was reached after 5 min. In kidneys perfused with a cell-free medium at a PP of 45 mm Hg for up to 30 min, RR remained elevated for the entire period of pressure reduction. Injection of microspheres into the renal artery resulted in a prompt decrease of RPF, GFR and urinary sodium excretion, but the values returned towards control levels within 15 min; RR increased only transiently after a short initial fall.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Lepidium ; Membrane protein ; Monoclonal antibody TOP 71 ; Plasma membrane ; Tonoplast
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Highly purified tonoplast and plasma-membrane vesicles isolated from roots of Lepidium sativum L. (garden cress) were used as a starting material for generating a monoclonal antibody against plant tonoplast. Tonoplast vesicles were isolated by discontinuous-sucrose-gradient centrifugation followed by free-flow electrophoresis. The deglycosylated tonoplast fraction was used to generate monoclonal antibodies by immunization of Balb/c-mice and by fusion of their β-lymphocytes with the mouse cell line X 63 Ag 8.653. Using plasma membrane purified by two-phase partitioning and freeflow electrophoresis to define the negative signal in screening, and purified tonoplast to define the positive signal in screening, a monoclonal antibody (TOP 71) was obtained which recognized a tonoplast protein of 71 kDa by immunoblotting in cress-root membrane fractions. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, affinoblotting and binding to concanavalin A showed that the TOP 71-antigen was a glycosylated protein and had an isoelectric point (pI) of 4.5. The TOP 71-antigen was found in the different tissues of organs of several higher plants (Glycine max L., Curcurbita pepo L., Zea mays L.) where it did not cross-react with the purified plasma-membrane fractions of these plants. Additionally, TOP 71 recognized its antigen in microsomal fractions of two lower plants (Chara globularis Thuili., Matteucia struthiopteris Tod.).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 288 (1975), S. 381-402 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Vasodilator Drugs ; Antihypertensive Drugs ; Excitation-contraction Coupling ; 45Calcium Uptake ; Cyclic AMP ; Lanthanum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary 1. Sodium nitroprusside is a potent relaxant of smooth muscles with a predominantly tonic response, e.g. rat aorta contracted by noradrenaline angiotensin II, Phe2-Lys8-vasopressin, BaCl2, or KCl, and guinea-pig tracheal smooth muscle contracted by carbachol. 2. Smooth muscle preparations from the splanchnic region and with varying degrees of phasic contractility are less sensitive and develop tachyphylaxis (portal vein, duodenum of the rat) or are unresponsive to sodium nitroprusside (vas deferens, uterus of the rat). 3. Cardiac auricles of the guinea pig are not affected by sodium nitroprusside in either frequency or amplitude of spontaneous contractions. 4. Sodium nitroprusside causes a parallel shift of the dose-response curve of rat aorta to noradrenaline to the right and reduces the maximum response. 5. The drug has no blocking or stimulant effect on α-or β-adrenoceptors, respectively. 6. Sodium nitroprusside inhibits the contractile response of calcium-depleted depolarized rat aorta to extra-cellular calcium. Like verapamil, it inhibits the increment in 45calcium uptake of rabbit aorta elicited by K+. Sodium nitroprusside significantly reduces 45calcium binding by microsomes prepared from rabbit aorta. 7. Rabbit aorta was incubated with lanthanum chloride to prevent calcium influx; sodium nitroprusside reduced the maintained rapid contraction phase in response to noradrenaline which is believed to be based on the intracellular activation of calcium. 8. In rat aorta, cellular cAMP and ATP levels were not found to be affected by the drug. 9. Rabbit aorta, “skinned” by glycerination, is unresponsive to sodium nitroprusside. 10. It is concluded that sodium nitroprusside acts on excitation-contraction coupling predominantly in tonic smooth muscle by interfering with both the influx and the intracellular activation of calcium.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Physics Letters B 26 (1967), S. 53-55 
    ISSN: 0370-2693
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Nuclear Physics, Section A 221 (1974), S. 475-508 
    ISSN: 0375-9474
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    BBA - Protein Structure 168 (1968), S. 555-563 
    ISSN: 0005-2795
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 43 (1995), S. 249-258 
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract  Growth, enzyme-producing activity and respiratory properties of Trichoderma reesei QM 9414 were examined under various agitation intensities. Two substrates were compared: lactose and Avicel. Pellet formation occurred at all agitation intensities for both substrates. Oxygen dependence at the lower agitation rate varied with the substrate type. With lactose as the carbon source, linear growth was observed, despite a regulation of the dissolved oxygen concentration at 30% saturation. The enzyme production was strongly affected by the agitation. At the higher agitation rates the enzyme production dropped. With Avicel as the carbon source, the production of enzymes surged as soon as the growth was limited by the hydrolysis of Avicel. Growth on Avicel, in the conditions we used, was limited by Avicel hydrolysis. Cubic growth was observed when lactose was the carbon source. A new derivation for a model of the observed cubic growth is proposed and is used to correlate growth, CO2 production and oxygen consumption in a consistent way, impossible with exponential growth models.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 43 (1995), S. 249-258 
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Growth, enzyme-producing activity and respiratory properties of Trichoderma reesei QM 9414 were examined under various agitation intensities. Two substrates were compared: lactose and Avicel. Pellet formation occurred at all agitation intensities for both substrates. Oxygen dependence at the lower agitation rate varied with the substrate type. With lactose as the carbon source, linear growth was observed, despite a regulation of the dissolved oxygen concentration at 30% saturation. The enzyme production was strongly affected by the agitation. At the higher agitation rates the enzyme production dropped. With Avicel as the carbon source, the production of enzymes surged as soon as the growth was limited by the hydrolysis of Avicel. Growth on Avicel, in the conditions we used, was limited by Avicel hydrolysis. Cubic growth was observed when lactose was the carbon source. A new derivation for a model of the observed cubic growth is proposed and is used to correlate growth, CO2 production and oxygen consumption in a consistent way, impossible with exponential growth models.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 42 (1995), S. 664-670 
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract  Membrane mass spectrometry (MMS) with reduced sample withdrawal has been used to investigate the metabolic activity of yeast cells immobilised in porous glass. An adapted MS membrane inlet reactor with a polyethylene terephthalate barrier membrane has been constructed for this purpose. In a first experiment, the mass transport of O2 in a porous glass disc under well-defined experimental conditions has been studied by determining the apparent effective diffusion coefficient. The behaviour of immobilised Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been monitored by the MMS measurement of O2 and CO2 after applying a step in glucose concentration. Free-cell kinetic parameters were used in a dynamic reaction-diffusion model to simulate the O2 consumption curve. The theoretical and experimental curve showed comparable behaviour, which means that the immobilisation of yeast cells in porous glass has no substantial effect on its growth kinetics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 39 (1993), S. 281-284 
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract The effective diffusivity of glucose in porous glass beads was determined using a transient method. Predictions for the intraparticle and surface concentrations were made by an analytical solution of the mass balance. The value of the diffusivity was expected to be lower than the value of the corresponding diffusion coefficient in water, but the opposite was observed. This effect results from intraparticle fluid flow, leading to high values of the “apparent” effective glucose diffusivity. To measure diffusion only and to prevent any internal convection during the diffusion experiment, the pores of the porous glass beads were filled with Ca-alginate gel. For these glass beads (internal porosity, ɛ, equal to 0.56), we found an effective glucose diffusivity of 2.2×10−10 m2/s at 30°C. Using the relationship to effective intraparticle diffusivity (Deff)=effective diffusivity in 1% Ca-alginate beads (Dgel) ɛ/τ (with τ the tortuosity factor) this gives τ=1.7. For known ɛ and measuring τ by the method described, the Deff can be calculated for other porous materials or diffusing substances. Knowledge of the exact value of the effective diffusivity is a necessity in bioreactor modelling and was demonstrated by prediction of the residence time distribution profiles in a packed-bed bioreactor containing immobilized yeast cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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