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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electromyography of sartorius muscle (1972)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 173 (1972), S. 127-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The sartorius muscle of ten normal subjects was studied by elec-tromyography. It is most active during flexion of the hip and only slightly active during lateral rotation and abduction of the hip. The muscle is usually more active during knee flexion than during extension, but this is not universal. Apparently in some persons it plays a role in knee extension in addition to its knee flexion action, depending on knee position and variations in insertion. Sartorius appears to be a regulator in hip flexion and lateral rotation during the swing phase of gait.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091730201
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electromyography of the human cheeks and lipsSupported in part by grant 16-P-56808/4-08 from the Social and Rehabilitation Service, Department of H.E.W., Washington, D.C. (1973)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 176 (1973), S. 143-147 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: To clear up indecision and disparities in the literature of muscular functions in the cheek and lips, multichannel electromyography with fine-wire intramuscular electrodes was used in eight subjects. Both facial expressions and musical performance were investigated. Intersubject variations were common in the various muscles and intrasubject variation also appeared. The production of specific notes at specific volume on the trumpet or trombone did not depend on exact patterns of activity in the muscles of the lips and buccinator. Gentle puffing out of the cheek produces little or no activity in any muscle, but when this is done forcefully the orbicularis oris activity is marked. Buccinator can be kept deliberately relaxed or active during puffing. Smiling always produces buccinator activity as does forceful retraction of the corners of the mouth. Levator anguli oris activity always recruits concurrent buccinator activity but the reverse is not true.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091760203
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The integrated roles of longus colli and sternocleidomastoid muscles: An electromyographic studyThis work was supported by grant 16-P-56808/4-08 from the Social and Rehabilitation Service, Department of Health, Education and Welfare, Washington, D.C. We are grateful to Mr. James Perry for excellent technical assistance. (1973)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 177 (1973), S. 471-484 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Using bipolar fine-wire electrodes, we examined the right and left longus colli (LC) and sternocleidomastoideus (StM) muscles electromyographically in ten healthy young adults. Action potentials were recorded on FM magnetic tape and each experiment was also videotaped. The head-neck motions were recorded using a special neck goniometer. The muscles were studied in sitting, supine, prone and lateral positions, both during free movements and against resistance. There was complete inactivity in both muscles in relaxed sitting, normal breathing, deep expiration, and wet and dry swallowing. There was very marked synchronous EMG activity of the LC and StM muscles during resisted forward flexion, marked activity during neck flexion against head weight in the supine position, and during resisted right and left side-bending. Variable activity was found in both muscles during deep breathing, coughing, forceful blowing, loading on top of the head, resisted backward extension, neck holding against head weight in the prone position and in twisting movements downwards and upwards. During free flexion-extension movements, LC and StM act synchronously. During free lateral bending they work homolaterally, but during free rotation to the right, the right LC works with the left StM and vice versa.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091770402
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The functions of semispinalis capitis and splenius capitis muscles: An electromyographic study (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 179 (1974), S. 477-480 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The functions of the normal semispinalis capitis and splenius capitis muscles of fifteen subjects were evaluated electromyographically with bipolar fine-wire electrodes. The voltage-output data were integrated and analyzed by computer and showed that the main function of semispinalis capitis is limited to extension of the head. However, splenius capitis both extends the head and rotates it to its own side.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091790407
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electromyography of the pronator muscles in the forearm (1961)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 139 (1961), S. 45-49 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091390107
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electromyography and cinematography of leg and foot (“normal” and flat) during walking (1968)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 161 (1968), S. 1-15 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Electromyography with fine-wire electrodes and special equipment for synchronized motion pictures were used to study six muscles of the leg and foot during walking in five different ways in ten “normal” and ten flatfooted subjects. Detailed analyses and comparisons of the two groups are described and discussed.Tibialis Anterior has two peaks of activity at heel-strike and toe-off of the stance phase; is inactive during mid-swing and middle of the stance phase; is active at full-foot in flatfooted subjects, and generally more active during toe-out and toe-in walking. Tibialis posterior is inactive through the swing phase. In flatfooted persons it becomes activated at heel-strike and more active at full-foot during level walking. The toe-out position reduces its activity. Flexor hallucis longus is most active in mid-stance; during toe-out walking, activity increases in both phases, generally being more active in “normal” persons. Peroneus longus is most active at mid-stance and heel-off and generally more active in flatfooted persons. Abductor hallucis and Flexor digitorum brevis are generally more active in flatfooted persons. An important regular pattern of inversion and eversion during the walking cycle is described. Contingent arch support by muscles rather than continuous support is the rule, muscles being recruited to compensate for lax ligaments and special stresses during the walking cycle.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091610101
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electromyography of the supinators of the forearm (1961)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 139 (1961), S. 557-560 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091390413
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Integrated actions of masticatory muscles: Simultaneous EMG from eight intramuscular electrodes (1977)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 187 (1977), S. 173-189 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In 29 normal persons with complete dental arches, the muscular activity of the temporalis, masseter, medial pterygoid, anterior belly of the digastric, mylohyoid and geniohyoid muscles was studied electromyographically with bipolar fine wire electrodes during various mandibular movements - both resisted and unresisted. Action potentials were recorded on FM magnetic tape and each experiment was also videotaped. Temporalis muscle was active during centric closing of the jaw with either contact of the teeth, or against resistance; during free lateral movements to the ipsilateral side, either against resistance or occlusal contact; during incisor gum chewing, molar gum chewing on ipsilateral or contralateral sides, during normal mastication; and during forceful centric occlusion.Activity occurred in the masseter and medial pterygoid muscles during the following movements: closing the jaw slowly either without occlusal contact or with occlusal contact and against resistance; free lateral movement to contralateral side, either against resistance or with occlusal contact; protraction of the jaw either without occlusal contact or with occlusal contact; swallowing either saliva or water; incisor gum chewing with either the ipsilateral or contralateral molars; normal mastication; and during forceful centric occlusion.Activity occurred in the digastric, mylohyoid and geniohyoid muscles during the following movements; opening of the jaw either slowly or maximally against resistance; closing the jaw against resistance; free lateral movement to ipsilateral and contralateral sides, either against resistance or with occlusal contact; protraction against resistance of the jaw either without or with occlusal contact; swallowing saliva and water; and protraction of the tongue. They work in antagonism (reciprocally) during gum chewing and normal mastication.
    Additional Material: 17 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091870205
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electromyography of deep back muscles in manSupported by grant 16-P-56808/4-07 from Social and Rehabilitation Services, Department of H.E.W., Washington, D.C. (1972)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    American Journal of Anatomy 133 (1972), S. 25-36 
    Details
    ISSN: 0002-9106
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The deep layers of the transversospinal back muscles were studied in 25 healthy human subjects. Bipolar fine wire electrodes were inserted bilaterally at the level of the sixth thoracic and the third lumbar spinous processes. Activity was registered simultaneously in sitting and standing, and during movements while in these positions. It was shown that the same muscle group displayed different patterns of activity in the thoracic compared to the lumbar level. Variations in the pattern of activity during forward flexion, extension and axial rotation suggest that the transversospinal muscles adjust the motion between individual vertebrae. The experimental evidence confirms the anatomical hypothesis that the multifidi are stabilizers rather than prime movers of the whole vertebral column.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aja.1001330103
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electromyography -  dynamic gross anatomy: A review (1980)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    American Journal of Anatomy 159 (1980), S. 245-260 
    Details
    ISSN: 0002-9106
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: “Electromyography: Dynamic Gross Anatomy” is the first in a series of invited review articles by leaders in fields of current interest.Students often ask if anything really “new” has been discovered in gross anatomy in the last fifty years. The answer is an unqualified “yes,” and electromyography probably has provided more of this new information than any other technique. Not since the pioneering work of Duchenne in 1867 has any one man contributed so much to our knowledge of the function of the musculoskeletal system as Dr. John V. Basmajian, Professor of Medicine and Associate in Anatomy at McMaster University and Director of Rehabilitation and Continuing Care Centres of Chedoke-McMaster Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Since his initial publication in 1952, he has written over 200 scientific papers on electromyography. He is the author of Muscles Alive: Their Functions Revealed by Electromyography, now in its fourth edition, and the author or co-author of numerous other books on gross anatomy, kinesiology, therapeutic exercise and clinical electro-neurography.In 1965, Dr. Basmajian was one of the founders of the International Society of Electromyographic Kinesiology (now the International Society of Electrophysiologic Kinesiology), and he served as its first president. In recognition of his many contributions to the discipline, ISEK dedicated its Sixth International Congress to him. Universally recognized as the undisputed leader in the field, Professor Basmajian is the ideal person to summarize the “state of the art” for the readers of The American Journal of Anatomy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aja.1001590302
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