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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Occurrence of oat stem rust in west Wales (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant pathology 43 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: The first significant occurrence of stem rust (Puccinia graminis Pers, ssp, graminis var, stakmanii Guyot, Massenot & Saccas ex, Urban) on spring oats (Avena sativa L.) in west Wales, UK is reported.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.1994.tb00575.x
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Composition of Guinea Keet Breast and Thigh Meat (1982)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 47 (1982), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Guinea keets, reared to 12 wk on a modified turkey starter and grower diet, were processed like broilers and thigh and breast meat samples analyzed. Proximate analysis for breast and thigh meat without skin was: dry matter 25.4 and 24.0%; protein 22.7 and 19.4%; hexane extractables 0.86 and 2.2%; and ash 1.06 and 1.05% respectively. Total cholesterol in breast meat was 40.6 mg/100g raw tissue, and 62.1 mg in the thigh. Also included were analyses for Na, K, Ca, Mg, P, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, pantothenic acid and the fatty acid profiles of the meat and skin. Guinea meat was found to be lower in fat, sodium and cholesterol and higher in potassium, phosphorus, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin and vitamin B6 than broiler meat.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1982.tb07688.x
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of omeprazole on intestinal output in the short bowel syndrome (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 5 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Ten patients with an end jejunostomy and one with a jejuno-rectal anastomosis (jejunal length 30–140 cm) ate a constant chosen diet for 2 control days, and 2 test days when 40 mg omeprazole orally was taken each morning. In the 7 patients with a net secretory output of fluid, there was a mean reduction in wet weight of 0.66 kg/24 h (range –0.16 to 1.45 kg/24 h; P 〈 0.05) and sodium 46 mmol/24 h (– 51 to 135 mmol/24 h; N.S.); the four patients with net absorption of fluid showed no reduction in intestinal output. One patient with 30 cm jejunum responded little to oral but did so to intravenous 40 mg omeprazole twice a day with a reduction in wet weight of 3.00 kg/24 h and sodium 157 mmol/24 h. In one patient oral 40 mg omeprazole daily gave equivalent results to oral 300 mg ranitidine twice daily; in 2 others it was equivalent to intravenous 50 μg octreotide twice daily. Omeprazole reduces the intestinal output in patients with the short bowel syndrome and a net secretory output, but not enough to prevent the need for parenteral fluid and electrolyte replacement.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.1991.tb00044.x
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effects of octreotide, soy polysaccharide, codeine and loperamide on nutrient, fluid and electrolyte absorption in the short-bowel syndrome (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 3 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Four agents, which could delay intestinal transit, were tested in six short-bowel patients (jejunal length 30–120 cm) on long-term nutritional/ electrolyte replacement therapy. Intestinal transit time of a liquid test meal and nutrient, water and sodium absorption were measured during a control study and with each test agent on separate days. Soy polysaccharide tended to increase transit time, but decreased the absorption of water, sodium and nutrients. Codeine phosphate and loperamide caused inconsistent and clinically unimportant changes. Octreotide, a long-acting analogue of somatostatin, delayed transit and increased water, sodium and calorie absorption from the meal. Octreotide appears to have the potential to reduce the need for electrolyte and nutritional supplements in patients with the short-bowel syndrome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.1989.tb00202.x
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Practical management of the short bowel (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 8 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A shortened small intestine may end at a stoma or be anastomosed to the colon. Patients with a jejunostomy, but not those with a colon, lose large amounts of sodium. The intake and absorption of sodium can be increased by sipping a sodium–glucose solution: stomal loss can be reduced by restricting water or low-sodium drinks. If a stoma is situated less than 100 cm along the jejunum, a constant negative sodium balance may necessitate parenteral saline supplements. Gastric anti-secretory drugs or a somatostatin analogue reduce jejunostomy losses in such patients but do not restore a positive sodium balance. Loperamide or codeine phosphate benefit some patients. Magnesium deficiency can usually be corrected by oral magnesium oxide supplements. An elemental or hydrolysed diet is not beneficial. Patients with a jejunostomy can maintain a normal diet without fat reduction.When the colon is present, unabsorbed carbohydrate is fermented to absorbable short chain fatty acids. Unabsorbed long chain fatty acids and bile salts cause watery diarrhoea and increased colonic oxalate absorption with hyperoxaluria. Such patients benefit from a high carbohydrate, low-fat and low-oxalate diet.Parenteral nutrition is needed only by the few patients unable to maintain health or avoid socially disabling diarrhoea despite these measures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.1994.tb00332.x
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Octreotide (a somatostatin analogue) improves the quality of life in some patients with a short intestine (1989)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 3 (1989), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Six patients with short intestine (jejunal length 25–70 cm) on long-term parenteral nutrition, needing 4–5 L of intravenous fluid daily, were given octreotide (a somatostatin analogue, SMS 201–995) to investigate whether it would reduce beneficially their secretory diarrhoea (3.6–6.9 kg/day). They consumed the same diet for 2 control days, followed by 2 test days. Octreotide was given intravenously, initially in a dose of 50 μg b.d. through the central feeding line. There was a significant reduction of daily stomal output (0.5–5.0 kg) and daily sodium and potassium output; however there was no significant change in energy absorption. The response to octreotide was greatest in those patients who absorbed least nutrients. A dose increase to 100 μg t.d.s. gave no further measurable benefit though the patients found it smoothed-out the post-prandial rise in stomal output. Two patients were continued on long-term octreotide therapy, which allowed for a daily reduction in intravenous fluid of 1 and 1.5 L. Octreotide's anti-secretory effect was found to have been maintained when it was retested in one patient after a year of continuous therapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.1989.tb00223.x
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Verapanzil inhibits in-vitro leucotriene B4 release by rectal mucosa in active ulcerative colitis (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 6 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Increased mucosal eicosanoid synthesis occurs in active ulcerative colitis; suppression of the synthesis of pro-inflammatory leucotrienes could be therapeutically useful. Neutrophil 5-lipoxygenase is calcium-dependent. In this study, the effect of the calcium channel antagonist, verapamil, on the release of eicosanoids by colitic rectal mucosal biopsies has been examined. Verapamil in therapeutic concentration (5 μ g/ml, 10-5 M) reduced leucotriene B4 release from actively inflamed rectal mucosa by 30% (from 60 (5.0 S.E.M.) ng/g wet weight/20 min without, to 42 (5.7 S.E.M.) with verapamil, P 〈 0.05), but had no effect on leucotriene B4 release by rectal biopsies taken from patients with quiescent ulcerative colitis (39 (2.8 S.E.M.) ng/g wet weight/20 min without, and 43 (5.0 S.E.M.) with verapamil). Verapamil did not affect mucosal prostaglandin E2 release. The results suggest that, in active ulcerative colitis, verapamil inhibits mucosal 5-lipoxygenase activity and warrants therapeutic evaluation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.1992.tb00259.x
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Improved maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis by balsalazide 4 g/day compared with 2 g/day (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 6 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The efficacy of two doses of balsalazide for the maintenance of remission in patients with ulcerative colitis was compared in a double-blind multicentre trial. Sixty-five patients received a 2 g daily dose, and 68 a 4 g dose. The patient groups were similar at entry for sex, age, and disease distribution. Clinical assessment was carried out at 3-monthly intervals, with sigmoidoscopy, rectal biopsy, and blood tests on entry and at 26 and 52 weeks. Clinical relapse over twelve months was significantly less common on the 4 g dose (36%), than on the 2 g dose (55%), P 〈 0.01. There were eight withdrawals on 2 g daily and 13 on 4 g daily, six and nine respectively being mainly due to gastrointestinal intolerance. It is concluded that balsalazide is a well-tolerated drug, and is effective for the maintenance of remission in patients with ulcerative colitis, the optimal dose being greater than 2 g daily.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.1992.tb00561.x
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prednisolone absorption in inflammatory bowel disease: correlation with anatomical site and extent (1987)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 1 (1987), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Prednisolone absorption was studied in 13 normal subjects, eight patients with ulcerative colitis and 21 patients with Crohn's disease, by measuring plasma levels after a single oral dose. Absorption of the drug was delayed in all patient groups. The peak plasma level of the drug was lower in patients with extensive small bowel Crohn's disease. Patients in this category may need higher doses of oral prednisolone than other patients with inflammatory bowel disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.1987.tb00639.x
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Balsalazide in the maintenance treatment of patients with ulcerative colitis, a double-blind comparison with sulphasalazine (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 2 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Balsalazide (BSZ) is a pro-drug which releases 5-aminosalicylic acid (5ASA) and 4-aminobenzoyl-β-alanine (an inert carrier) in the colon of various species including man. BSZ was compared with sulphasalazine (SASP) (both 1 g b.d. orally) in the maintenance of remission in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). Seventy-nine patients (5.3 male, 26 female), mean age 49 years (range 19–79 years), with UC were randomly allocated to either treatment (41 BSZ, 38 SASP) for 6 months. The groups were similar in respect of age, sex, duration and extent of disease. Seven patients defaulted (3 BSZ, 4 SASP) leaving 38 on BSZ and 34 on SASP. Two male patients, both receiving SASP, were withdrawn because of severe side-effects. One of these patients, with an exfoliative rash, was maintained satisfactorily on open BSZ. Remission rates at 6 months (51% BSZ, 63% SASP) were not significantly different (life-table analysis P 〈 0.1). Twelve patients (15%) reported troublesome side-effects (2 BSZ 5%, 10 SASP 26%, P= 0.017 Fisher Exact Test). Mean haemoglobin concentrations, similar on entry, increased after 6 months with BSZ (0.2 g/dl) but decreased with SASP (0.5 g/dl) (P 〈 0.0002). BSZ was not significantly different from SASP in maintaining remission in patients with UC but had fewer side-effects.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.1988.tb00693.x
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