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  • 11
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Intracranial dermoid cyst ; 3D chemical-shift-selective imaging ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report a man with a ruptured intracranial dermoid cyst, suffering from headache, nausea, vomiting and a generalised seizure. MRI was performed before and 2 weeks after surgical resection. On T 1-weighted images the tumour gave high signal, as did fatty material in the frontal and parietal brain sulci. Identification of this hyperintense material as lipids was possible by chemical-shift-selective 3 D gradient-echo imaging, which provided excellent contrast between the subarachnoid lipids and the adjacent normal brain, with a good spatial resolution. Possible complications of subarachnoid and intraventricular lipid particles after dermoid cyst rupture are discussed and the diagnostic value of 3 D chemical-shift-selective additional to conventional T 1-weighted spin-echo images in identification of even small amounts of fat is emphasised.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Intracranial dermoid cyst ; 3D chemical-shift-selective imaging ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report a man with a ruptured intracranial dermoid cyst, suffering from headache, nausea, vomiting and a generalised seizure. MRI was performed before and 2 weeks after surgical resection. On T1-weighted images the tumour gave high signal, as did fatty material in the frontal and parietal brain sulci. Identification of this hyperintense material as lipids was possible by chemical-shift-selective 3 D gradient-echo imaging, which provided excellent contrast between the subarachnoid lipids and the adjacent normal brain, with a good spatial resolution. Possible complications of subarachnoid and intraventricular lipid particles after dermoid cyst rupture are discussed and the diagnostic value of 3 D chemical-shift-selective additional to conventional T1-weighted spin-echo images in identification of even small amounts of fat is emphasised.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Radiologe 37 (1997), S. 508-514 
    ISSN: 1432-2102
    Keywords: Key words Aneurysm • Arteriovenous malformation • Cerebral vessels • MR-angiography • Paramagnetic contrast media • Developmental venous anomaly ; Schlüsselwörter Aneurysma • Arterio-venöse Malformation • Hirngefäße • MR-Angiographie • Paramagnetische Kontrastmittel • Venöse ; Dysplasie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Untersuchung größerer Meßvolumina mit der 3D time-of-flight MR-Angiographie wird durch das Auftreten von Sättigungseffekten liminiert, die sich signalmindernd auf Venen und Arterien auswirken können. Alternativ zu einer Reihe anderer MRA-Methoden ist die iv. Gabe paramagnetischer Kontrastmittel in Kombination mit 3D-Pulssequenzen geeignet, um bei bestimmten Indikationen ohne technischen Mehraufwand auch langsam durchflossene Hirngefäße und große Volumina zu untersuchen. Die intrakranielle Hauptindikation dafür ist die hochauflösende anatomische Darstellung normaler und dysplastischer Hirnvenen sowie die ergänzende Abklärung der venösen Drainage einer arterio-venösen Malformation, wenn die native MRA nur die arterielle Versorgung und den Nidus zeigt. Bei großen Aneurysmen, Brückenvenen und venösen Sinus lassen sich langsam durchflossene Lumina und Teilthrombosen zuverlässig differenzieren. KM-aufnehmende Hirntumoren können zusammen mit Gefäßverlagerungen dargestellt werden. Klinisch unbedeutend ist die Verbesserung der arteriellen MRA durch KM-Applikation mit den gegenwärtigen Routinetechniken zur Datenaufnahme. Signalminderungen infolge turbulenzbedingter Spin-Dephasierung werden durch Kontrastmittel nicht beeinflußt. Das Ergebnis KM-verstärkter MR-Angiogramme wird wesentlich durch den Zeitpunkt der Injektion mitbestimmt. Die gleichzeitige Darstellung von Venen und Arterien macht eine Weiterentwicklung von Nachverarbeitungsverfahren zur Gefäßsegmentierung notwendig.
    Notes: Summary Time-of-flight MR-angiography of large volumes is limited by the occurrance of saturation effects, which lead to low signal in both veins and arteries. Alternatively to a number of other MRA-techniques, intravenous application of paramagnetic contrast media in combination with 3D-pulse sequences with or without flow refocussing allows the depiction of slow vessels in large volumes without technical extra expenses. The main intracranial indication is anatomical 3D-imaging of normal and dysplastic cerebral veins with high spatial resolution, and the additional depiction of the venous drainage in AVMs, when unenhanced MRA shows only the arteriel supply and the nidus. In large cerebral aneurysms, bridging veins and venous sinuses, partial thromboses can easily be differentiated from slow flow. Contrast-enhancing tumors can be depicted together with normal or displaced vessels. Improvements of arterial signal due to contrast media with currently used routine MRA techniques are clinically not significant. Signal loss due to spin dephasing in vessels with complex flow is not influences by contrast media. Results of contrast-enhanced MRA are determined by the timing of injection. Since arteries and veins are both imaged with high signal intensity, improvements of postprocessing procedures for secondary vessel segmentation are necessary.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 14
    ISSN: 1432-1998
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Based on the phase difference method as described by Nayler et al. we developed a gradient-echo sequence, which refocuses flow related phase shifts even for infants with their higher peak velocity, higher acceleration and faster heart rates. A repetition time (TR) of 15 ms provides a high temporal resolution for dynamic studies. Modification of the flow-rephasing gradient-echo sequence in slice select direction leads to a defined phase shift and the resultant phase difference images allow blood flow measurements in the great arteries and the calculation of blood volume per heart cycle (flow volume) to assess left and right ventricular stroke volume. This can also be achieved by calculation of the ventricular volume from contiguous slices of the whole heart, but, this in excessive measuring times. Both methods were applied in 6 examinations of children with congenital heart diseases (1 pulmonary sling, 1 coarctation of the aorta, 1 ventricular septal defect, 3 atrial septal defects). The age of the patients ranged from 3 months to 13.4 years (mean age 4.9 years). The regression analyses of both methods show a high correlation for systemic flow (y=-0.98+1.08 x r=0.99, SEE=2.59 ml) and for pulmonary flow (y=−1.40+0.96 x, r=0.99, SEE=4.70 ml). The comparison of flow calculated Qp:Qs ratio and chamber size calculated Qp:Qs ratio with data obtained by heart catheterization show also a regression line close to the line of identity (y=−0.01+1.04 x, r=0.98, SEE=0.15 and y=0.28+0.96 x, r=0.81, SEE=0.47, respectively).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 15
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Evoked potentials ; Magnetic resonance imaging ; Somatosensory evoked potentials ; Brain-stem auditory evoked potentials
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary There is still a need to prove that even static magnetic fields up to 1.5 T used in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are biologically safe and harmless for humans. Recordings of median and ulnar nerves and brain-stem auditory evoked potentials in 20 patients were completed prior to and after MRI investigation of the central nervous system. Neither the somatosensory nor the auditory evoked potentials exhibited any significant change of latencies, interpeak latencies or amplitudes. Since these electrophysiological parameters are highly dependent on the quality of nerve conduction and integrity of information processing in various nuclei, it may be assumed that MRI causes no lasting changes in either respect.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für die chemische Industrie 80 (1968), S. 360-361 
    ISSN: 0044-8249
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 7 (1968), S. 374-374 
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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