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  • 11
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Locations of crossover breakpoints within the CMT1A-REP repeat in Japanese patients with CMT1A and HNPP (1997)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 99 (1997), S. 151-154 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract The crossover breakpoints for Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1A (CMT1A) and hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies (HNPP) are located in the CMT1A-REP repeat flanking a 1.5-Mb region of chromosome 17p11.2–12. The precise locations of the breakpoints are heterogeneous, and we analyzed the relative frequency distribution of breakpoints in 33 unrelated Japanese CMT1A and 3 unrelated HNPP families. The CMT1A-REP repeat region was divided into five regions, A, B, C, D and E, based on restriction site differences between the proximal and distal CMT1A-REP repeats. The frequency distribution of breakpoints within the CMT1A-REP repeat in the Japanese patients was 3% in region A, 78% in B/C and 19% in D, which is similar to that in Caucasian patients. This result also indicates that an 8-kb region defined by region B/C is a recombinational hotspot within the CMT1A-REP repeat in Japanese patients.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004390050330
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  • 12
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    No transneuronal degeneration between human cortical motor neurons and spinal motor neurons (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 246 (1999), S. 61-62 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004150050309
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  • 13
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Modulatory effects of calcitonin gene-related peptide and substance P on human cholinergic sweat secretion (1994)
    Springer
    Clinical autonomic research 4 (1994), S. 319-322 
    Details
    ISSN: 1619-1560
    Schlagwort(e): Calcitonin gene-related peptide ; Substance P ; Sweat gland ; Cholinergic sweating ; Peptidergic modulation
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Immunoreacttvtty to various peptides has been demonstrated in nerve terminals around the sweat glands, suggesting a regulatory function for these peptides on sweating. The present study evaluated the calcitonin-gene related peptide and substance P related regulation of sweating in man. Both calcitonin-gene related peptide and substance P, when administered alone, failed to cause sweat secretion, whereas sweating induced by methacholine chloride alone was four times greater when administered with calcitonin-gene related peptide and suppressed by 70% when administered with substance P. The degree of calcitonin-gene related peptide dependent augmentation and substance P dependent suppression of the methacholine chloride induced sweating was dependent on the concentration of calcitonin-gene related peptide and substance P. These findings suggest that calcitonin-gene related peptide enhances cholinergic sweating and substance P inhibits it.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01821532
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  • 14
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Temporal Expression of mRNAs for Neuropoietic Cytokines, Interleukin-11 (IL-11), Oncostatin M (OSM), Cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1) and Their Receptors (IL-11Rα and OSMRβ) in Peripheral Nerve Injury (2000)
    Springer
    Neurochemical research 25 (2000), S. 1113-1118 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6903
    Schlagwort(e): Interleukin-11 (IL-11) ; oncostatin M (OSM) ; cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1) ; receptors ; nerve injury ; mRNA expression
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract The mRNA expression pattern of the neuropoietic cytokines, interleukin-11 (IL-11), oncostatin M (OSM) and cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1), and their receptor components (IL-11Rα and OSMRβ) was examined in peripheral nerves on two different types of injury, crush and transection. The IL-11 mRNA increased after nerve damage and immediately returned to control levels. The OSM mRNA expression increased rapidly after nerve injury and relatively high expressions were maintained for at least 14 days. The CT-1 mRNA was not expressed in any time before and after the injury. Interestingly, IL-11Rα was expressed in the intact nerve and decreased after injury. The expression of OSMRβ increased slightly after the injury. Moreover, temporal mRNA expression pattern of these neuropoietic cytokines and receptors was similar between the crushed and transected models. Each neuropoietic cytokine of IL-11, OSM and CT-1 has its own specific temporal mRNA expression pattern, which is also different from those of ciliary neuro-trophic factor (CNTF), leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). These results suggest that all neuropoietic cytokines have distinctive functions in nerve degeneration and repair process in response to peripheral nerve injury.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007674113440
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  • 15
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Expression of mRNAs for Neurotrophins (NGF, BDNF, and NT-3) and their Receptors (p75NGFR, Trk, TrkB, and TrkC) in Human Peripheral Neuropathies (1998)
    Springer
    Neurochemical research 23 (1998), S. 821-829 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6903
    Schlagwort(e): Neurotrophins ; trks ; peripheral neuropathies ; axonopathy ; cell infiltration
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract The steady-state mRNA levels of NGF, BDNF and NT-3, and the mRNA levels of their receptors p75NGFR, trk, trk,B and trkC were examined in various human peripheral neuropathies, to determine the correlation with myelinated fiber pathology and T cell and macrophage invasions in the diseased nerves. Steady state levels of p75NGFR mRNAs were significantly elevated in nerves with axonal pathology. In contrast, steady state levels of trkB and trkC mRNA levels were diminished, trk mRNA was not detected in the human nerves. The NGF, BDNF, and NT-3 mRNA levels were elevated in the diseased nerves. The increase in BDNF and NT-3 mRNA levels were proportional to the extent of invasion of the nerves by T cells and macrophages, but did not directly correlate with axonal nor demyelinating pathology, thus suggesting that inflammatory cell invasions are involved in the regulation of BDNF and NT-3 mRNA expressions. These neurotrophin and their receptor gene expressions in the diseased human nerves would be regulated by an underlying pathology-related process, and could play a role in peripheral nerve repair.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1022434209787
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  • 16
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Somatic Mosaicism of the Expanded CAG Trinucleotide Repeat in mRNAs for the Responsible Gene of Machado-Joseph Disease (MJD), Dentatorubral-Pallidoluysian Atrophy (DRPLA), and Spinal and Bulbar Muscular Atrophy (SBMA) (1998)
    Springer
    Neurochemical research 23 (1998), S. 25-32 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6903
    Schlagwort(e): Machado-Joseph disease (MJD) ; dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy (DRPLA) ; X-linked spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) ; trinucleotide repeat ; mRNA ; somatic mosaicism ; gene expression
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract The CAG trinucleotide repeats in mRNAs for the responsible genes of Machado-Joseph disease (MJD), dentatorubral-pallidoluysian atrophy (DRPLA), and X-linked spinal and bulbal muscular atrophy (SBMA) were examined in various neural and nonneural tissues of affected individuals. The tissue-specific variation of expanded CAG repeat alleles were apparent for mRNAs of all three genes. The expanded CAG repeats of the mRNA were shorter in the cerebellum than in other regions of the central nervous system in DRPLA and MJD, but not in SBMA, and were longer in the liver and colon in MJD. Transcripts of the responsible genes with expanded CAG repeats were detected in all tissues studied, and the tissue-specific variation in the CAG repeat size of the mRNA did not correlate with the tissue-specific severity of pathological involvement in these diseases.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1022441101801
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  • 17
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effect of Vitamin E Deficiency on Rat Brain Monoamine Metabolism (1999)
    Springer
    Neurochemical research 24 (1999), S. 1307-1311 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6903
    Schlagwort(e): Vitamin E ; monoamine metabolism ; dopamine ; serotonin ; tryptophan hydroxylase activity ; Parkinson's disease
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract We investigated the effects of vitamin E deficiency on the monoamine metabolism in the rat brain. Male Wistar rats fed on the vitamin E deficient diet for 24 weeks were analyzed. At 28 weeks, they showed a reduced growth rate (52% of reduction), muscle atrophy, a motor weakness of hind limbs and disturbance of gait. The concentrations of monoamines, their precursors and metabolites in the brain were simultaneously determined using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with a coulometric detection with electrode array system. In addition, tryptophan hydroxylase activity was measured. The dopamine (p = 0.009) and serotonin (p = 0.04) levels in the brain stem of vitamin E deficients rats were significantly lower than in the controls, whereas their precursors tyrosine (p = 0.0009) and tryptophan (p = 0.0065) levels in the brain stem were significantly higher than in the controls. Moreover, tryptophan hydroxylase activity (p = 0.0005) in the brain stem of vitamin E deficient brains was significantly lower than in the controls. All statistical comparisons were done using non-parametric tests (Mann-Whitney U test). These results suggest that vitamin E deficiency may play a role in the disturbance of monoamine metabolism in rat brain.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1020937409855
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  • 18
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Decreased Phosphorylation Levels of TrkB Neurotrophin Receptor in the Spinal Cords from Patients with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (2000)
    Springer
    Neurochemical research 25 (2000), S. 239-245 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6903
    Schlagwort(e): TrkB ; tyrosine kinase ; brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) ; phosphotyrosine ; amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is characterized by the selective degeneration of specific populations of cranial and spinal motor neurons. In this study, we examined the expression of the high affinity functional receptor for BDNF, TrkB, and assessed the functional state of TrkB by examining the level of phosphorylation on tyrosine residues in ALS spinal cords. The data showed that TrkB-immunoprecipitates prepared from cell-free lysates of ALS spinal cords by use of an anti-TrkB antibody contained much more TrkB protein than from controls. These TrkB proteins expressed in ALS spinal cords, however, are much less phosphorylated on tyrosine residues than those of controls. Moreover, RT-PCR analysis of TrkB mRNA in ALS spinal cords demonstrated that the expression of Trk B mRNA is also upregulated in ALS spinal cords compared with those of controls. These data strongly suggest that there exists an abnormality in TrkB-mediated intracellular signaling in ALS spinal cords and shed a light on the possibility of the therapeutic intervention by normalizing this intracellular signaling.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007575504321
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  • 19
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Expression of GDNF and GDNFR-α mRNAs in Muscles of Patients with Motor Neuron Diseases (1999)
    Springer
    Neurochemical research 24 (1999), S. 785-790 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6903
    Schlagwort(e): GDNF, GDNFR-α ; mRNA ; motor neuron disease ; muscle, in situ hybridization
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract The mRNA expression levels of GDNF, GDNFR-α and RET were examined in the muscles of amyotrophic lateral screlosis (ALS) and X-linked spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA). GDNF mRNA levels were significantly elevated to variable extent in the diseased muscles compared to control muscles, although they were not specific to the type of the diseases. The diseased muscles also have a different expression pattern of GDNF mRNA isoforms from controls. GDNF mRNA expression, however, tended to reduce in advanced muscle pathology. On the other hand, GDNFR-α mRNA levels were not changed significantly on expression levels in the diseased muscles. In situ hybridization study revealed that GDNF and GDNFR-α mRNAs were localized in subsarcolemmal space of muscle cells. RET mRNA was not detected in control nor diseased muscles. These results suggest that the elevated muscle GDNF acts as a trophic signal for motor neurons of motor neuron diseases, implying a possible therapeutic implication of GDNF to this type of diseases.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1020739831778
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  • 20
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Effect of plaunotol on hypergastrinemia induced by long-term omeprazole administration in humans (1995)
    Springer
    Digestive diseases and sciences 40 (1995), S. 160-165 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2568
    Schlagwort(e): plaunotol ; omeprazole ; gastrin ; secretin ; somatostatin ; calcitonin gene-related peptide ; vasoactive intestinal polypeptide
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract Omeprazole markedly inhibits basal and stimulated gastric acid secretion and has the ability to produce hypergastrinemia and hyperplasia of enterochromaffin-like cells in humans. On the other hand, paunotol, an acyclic diterpene alcohol, has been reported to inhibit gastrin release by stimulating endogenous secretin release. We investigated the effect of plaunotol on serum gastrin levels after six to eight weeks of omeprazole (20 mg/day) administration in 22 patients (16 males, 6 females; mean age 52.3, range 36–70 years) with peptic ulcer disease. The patients were randomized to the following two groups: 11 subjects with omerprazole alone (single group) and 11 with omeprazole plus plaunotol (240 mg/day) (combination group) treatment. There were no significant differences between the two groups concerning age, sex, ulcer stage, ulcer history, environmental factors, andHelicobacter pylori (HP) prevalence. After complete drug(s) administration, serum immunoreactive (ir) -gastrin levels increased significantly in the single group (P〈0.001) in contrast to the combination group, and plaunotol significantly inhibited hypergastrinemia induced by omeprazole administration (P〈0.001). Significant increases in serum ir-calcitonin gene-related peptide concentrations were observed in the combination group compared to the single group (P〈0.05). However, there were no significant changes in serum ir-secretin, somatostatin, and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide levels as well as ulcer healing and HP prevalence between the two groups. These findings suggest that plaunotol may suppress hypergastrinemia induced by long-term omeprazole administration, at least partly, via a certain brain-gut hormone affecting gastrin release.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02063960
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