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  • 11
    ISSN: 1438-1168
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Laven and subvulkanische lntrusionen der 1.87 Mrd. J. alten Brockman-Vulkanite umfassen eine kogenetische Abfolge von alkalinenQz-normativen Trachyandesiten, Trachyten and Trachydaziten/Rhyoliten. Diese sind genetisch in Beziehung zu dem Seltene-Metalle-führenden “Niob-Tuff”, der extreme Anreicherungen an inkompatiblen Elementen hoher Feldstdrke führt (im Durchschnitt 1660 ppm Y, 9700 ppm Zr, 3200 ppm Nb, 175 ppm Yb, zu stellen. Nd-Isotopen zeigen, daß das Muttermagma der Brockman-Lagerstatte Mantelursprungs 'St mit εNd (initial) ≈ + 3, analog zu basaltischen Magmen, die an manchen modernen “intraplate hot-spot” Vulkanprovinzen gebildet werden. Die geochemische Evolution and die Anreicherung inkompatibler Elemente in der Brockman-Abfolge kann lurch AFC Prozesse modelliert werden, die extensive Kristallisation and progressive Kontamination der entstehenden Magmen mit granitischer/metasedimentarer Oberkruste beinhalten. Der hohe Grad von Kristallisation der erforderlich ist, um die mehr differenzierten Anteile der Brockman-Abfolge zu erhalten, läßt sich am besten lurch einen Prozeß von “liquid fractionation” erklären, der zu einer inneren Stratifikation der Magmenkammer führt, wobei extreme Differentiate, sowie der Niob-Tuff, eine an Volatilen angereicherte Kappe im Dachbereich der Magmenkammer bildeten. Der hohe Fluor-Gehalt der Brockman-Magmen spielte eine wichtige Rolle bei der Anhebung der Seltene-Metalle-Gehalte, and zwar dadurch, daß er die Effizienz der Kristall-Schmelze-Trennung erhöhte and abnehmende MineralSchmelze Kd's-Werte ermöglichte. Fluor-reiche Fluide scheinen keine spezielle Rolle bei der Bildung der Seltene-Metalle-Anreicherungen zu spielen. Auslaugung von Fluorokarbonaten durch späte hydrothermale Lösungen and nicht die Fraktionierung einer LREE selektiven Phase, bewirkte eine deutliche LREE-Abreicherung im Niob-Tuff.
    Notes: Summary Lavas and subvolcanic intrusions of the 1.87 Ga Brockman volcanics comprise a cogenetic suite of alkaline,Qz-normative, metaluminous trachyandesites, trachytes and trachydacites/rhyolites. They are genetically related to the rare-metal-bearing “Niobium Tuff” which contains extreme enrichments in high-field-strength incompatible elements (av. 1660 ppm Y, 9700 ppm Zr, 3200 ppm Nb, 175 ppm Yb). Neodymium isotopic data indicate the Brockman parent magma was mantle-derived with εNd(initial) + 3, analogous to basaltic magmas generated in some modern intraplate “hot-spot” volcanic provinces. The geochemical evolution and incompatible element enrichments in the Brockman suite can be modelled by AFC processes involving extensive degrees of crystallization and progressive contamination of derivative magmas with granitic/ metasedimentary upper crust. The large degrees of crystallization required to derive the more differentiated members of the Brockman suite are best accommodated by a process of “liquid fractionation” resulting in internal compositional stratification of the magma chamber with extreme differentiates such as the Niobium Tuff forming a volatile-enriched “cap” in the magma chamber roof-zone. The high fluorine content of the Brockman magmas played a crucial role in enhancing rare-metal contents by increasing the efficiency of crystal-liquid separation and decreasing mineral-melt Kd's. There appears to be no special role for fluorine-rich fluids in generating the rare-metal enrichments. However, leaching of fluorocarbonate minerals by late hydrothermal solutions, rather than fractionation of a LREE-selective phase, caused marked LREE-depletion in the Niobium Tuff.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    ISSN: 1438-1168
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht die Petrographie und Geochemie tertiärer Lamprophyre und genetisch verwandter Ganggesteine aus der zentralalpinen Kreuzeckgruppe, nördlich des Periadriatischen Lineamentes, in Kärnten, Österreich. Die Ganggesteine durchschlagen die altpaläozoischen Metapelite, Grünsteine und Amphibolite des Altkristallins diskordant und stehen in räumlichem Zusammenhang mit Sb, W, Hg und Cu-Ag-Au Lagerstätten, die bereits seit dem Mittelalter abgebaut wurden. Die meisten Lamprophyre zeigen primitiven Charakter (Mg-Zahlen 〉60 und Cr 〉 200 ppm) und besitzen hohe Gehalte an LILE (K, Rb, Sr und Ba). Geochemisch lassen sich fünf verschiedeneGruppen mit kalkalkalisch/shoshonitischem bis alkalischem Charakter unterscheiden: Gruppe 1, Amphibol-führende shoshonitische Lamprophyre (0.5–1.0 Gew% TiO2, Zr 〈 150 ppm, Nb 〈 13 ppm, Ba/Rb 〈 10);Gruppe 2, Glimmer-führende shoshonitische Lamprophyre (1–1.5 Gew% TiO2, Zr ∼ 180 ppm, Nb 〈 17 ppm, Ba/Rb 〉 20); Gruppe 3, alkalische Lamprophyre (1.5–2.1 Gew% TiO2, Zr 〉 250 ppm, Nb 〉 30ppm, Ba/Rb 10–25); Gruppe 4, alkalische Lamprophyre mit geringen MgO-Anteil (∼ 2.5 Gew% TiO2, Mg-Zahl 〈 57, Nb ∼ 20 ppm, Ba/Rb ∼ 20); Gruppe 5, kalkalkalisch basaltische Ganggesteine (∼ 2.2 Gew% TiO2, Mg-Zahl 〈 55, Nb 〈 10 ppm, Ba/Rb 〈 10). Die Lamprophyre der Gruppen 2, 3 und 4 zeigen nordöstliches Streichen und oligozänes Intrusionsalter (K-Ar Alter 27–32 Ma), während die Ganggesteine der Gruppen 1 und 5 überwiegend östliches Streichen und UnterOligozänes Intrusionsalter (K-Ar Alter 36 Ma) aufweisen. Die Intrusionen erfolgten während einer tektonischen Dilatationsphaseim Oligozän nach der Kontinent-Kontinent Kollision zwischen derAfrikanischen und der Eurasischen Platte im unteren Eozän. Ganggesteine der Gruppen 1, 2 und 5 besitzen typisch kalkalkalischen Charakter und stellen vermutlich Produktevon aufgeschmolzener, subduzierter Lithosphäre dar. Die Geochemie der alkalischen Lamprophyre derGruppen 3 und 4 (e.g. Ba/Nb ∼ 30–70) deutet auf ihre genetische Zwischenstellung zwischen subduction-related und within-plate regime. Zwischen den tertiären Gangintrusionen und den vermutlich paläozoischen Vererzungen der Kreuzeckgruppe besteht kein genetischer Zusammenhang. Die Alteration der Ganggesteine durch postmagmatische Lösungen hat jedoch zur Bildung von sekundären Mineralen und teilweise zu überdurchschnittlich erhöhten Au und PGE Gehalten von bis zu 35 ppb geführt.
    Notes: Summary Amphibole and mica lamprophyres and related dykes of Tertiary age from the Kreuzeck Mountains, Central Alps, Austria, have been investigated petrographically and geochemically. They intrude a sequence of early Palaeozoic metapelites, greenstones and amphibolites to the north of the Cretaceous Periadriatic Lineament, a major suture zone of 700 km E-W extent. The dykes are spatially associated with Sb, W, Hg, and Cu-Ag-Au deposits. Most lamprophyres are characterized by primitive chemistry (mg-numbers 〉 60 and Cr 〉 200 ppm) and have high contents of LIL elements (K, Rb, Sr and Ba). Geochemically, five different subgroups of calcalkaline/shoshonitic to alkaline affinity can be distinguished. These are: Group 1, amphibole-bearing shoshonitic lamprophyres (0.5–1.0 wt% Ti02, Zr 〈 150 ppm, Nb 〈 13 ppm, Ba/Rb 〈 10); Group 2, mica-bearing shoshonitic lamprophyres (1–1.5 wt% TiO2, Zr ∼ 180 ppm, Nb 〈 17 ppm, Ba/Rb 〉 20); Group 3, alkaline lamprophyres (1.5–2.1 wt% TiO2, Zr 〉 250 ppm, Nb 〉 30 ppm, Ba/Rb 10–25); Group 4, low-MgO alkaline lamprophyres (∼ 2.5 wt% TiO2, mg-number 〈 57, Nb ∼ 20 ppm, Ba/Rb ∼ 20); Group 5, calc-alkaline basaltic dykes (∼ 2.2 wt% TiO2, mg-number 〈55, Nb 〈 10 ppm, Ba/Rb 〈 10). Group 2,3 and 4 dykes have NE-SW orientations and are of Oligocene age (K-Ar age 27–32 Ma); Group 1 and 5 dykes are of Lower Oligocene age (K-Ar age 36 Ma) but have mostly E-W orientations. The Kreuzeck lamprophyres were generated in post-collisional magmatic events, which were probably linked to extensional tectonics following oblique continent-continent collision between the African and Eurasian Plates during the Eocene. Group 1, 2 and 5 dyke rocks have typical calc-alkaline geochemical signatures indicating that they represent partial melting products of subduction-modified lithosphere. Group 3 and 4 alkaline lamprophyres have geochemical features transitional between calc-alkaline and within-plate alkaline igneous rocks (e.g. Ba/Nb ∼ 30–70) indicating that their mantle source-region includes both subduction-modified lithospheric and OIB-type asthenospheric components. There is no apparent relationship between mineralization in the Kreuzeck region, thought to be of Ordovician-Devonian age, and much later lamprophyre intrusion. Alteration of the dykes by late-magmatic fluids has resulted in the formation of secondary minerals, and has occasionally led to increased Au and PGE values in the 10–35 ppb range particularly in close proximity to Cu-Ag-Au deposits.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 13
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    Unknown
    Provincetown, Mass., etc. : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Journal of Psychology. 86:1 (1974:Jan.) 149 
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 301 (1983), S. 540-542 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] With the increasing number of known protein structures it has become apparent that there are well-defined sub-assemblies of local secondary structure which dominate the tertiary folds of many globular proteins3. The interactions involved are of intermediate range as contacts between sequentially ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Contributions to mineralogy and petrology 104 (1990), S. 492-505 
    ISSN: 1432-0967
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The carbon isotopic fractionation between CO2 vapour and sodamelilite (NaCaAlSi2O7) melt over a range of pressures and temperatures has been investigated using solid-media piston-cylinder high pressure apparatus. Ag2C2O4 was the source of CO2 and experimental oxygen fugacity was buffered at hematite-magnetite by the double capsule technique. The abundance and isotopic composition of carbon dissolved in sodamelilite (SM) glass were determined by stepped heating and the δ13C of coexisting vapour was determined directly by capsule piercing. CO2 solubility in SM displays a complex behavior with temperature. At pressures up to 10 kbars CO2 dissolves in SM to form carbonate ion complexes and the solubility data suggest slight negative temperature dependence. Above 20 kbars CO2 reacts with SM to form immiscible Na-rich silicate and Ca-rich carbonate melts and CO2 solubility in Na-enriched silicate melt rises with increasing temperature above the liquidus. Measured values for carbon isotopic fractionation between CO2 vapour and carbonate ions dissoived in sodamelilite melt at 1200°–1400° C and 5–30 kbars average 2.4±0.2‰, favouring13C enrichment in CO2 vapour. The results are maxima and are independent of pressure and temperature. Similar values of ≈2‰ are obtained for the carbon isotopic fractionation between CO2 vapour and carbonate melts at 1300°–1400° C and 20–30 kbars.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 34 (1994), S. 489-505 
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Polypeptide α-carbon backbones were modeled as freely rotating chains made up of spherical monomers. The monomers were assigned an abstract binary “hydrophobicity” property that could be either present or absent. Under the assumption that “hydrophobic” residues tend to cluster together, away from the polar solvent, three-dimensional conformations of random copolymers of “hydrophobic” and “hydrophilic” monomers were calculated by a novel algorithm based on distance geometry techniques. The simulated molecules were globular and compact, in shape, and possessed distinct hydrophobic cores, indicating that our method was capable of reproducing some of the important global features of real polypeptides. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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