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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 48 (1983), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The NDF, ADF, cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin contents of five frozen vegetables (raw and boiled) and five canned vegetables (two of them fried) have been studied. In general, it was observed that boiling resulted in an increase in the NDF, ADF and cellulose content. There was also a slight increase in hemicellulose values. The lignin contents of most vegetables did not change upon boiling. When the cooking process was frying, a drastic decrease of NDF, ADF, cellulose, and lignin contents occurred, while the amount of hemicellulose changed slightly in the vegetables analyzed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 47 (1982), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The soluble sugar contents of 17 raw and cooked vegetables were determined by TLC and HPLC. In general, the soluble carbohydrate content of vegetables is low. For raw materials the highest content was found in carrot, red cabbage, egg plant, green bean and leek. Upon cooking the glucose, fructose and total sugar contents decrease and this diminution is more drastic in the case of frying. The amount of sucrose, except in the case of carrot, egg plant and green bean, increases with cooking. The maltose content of the broad bean increases in the culinary process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 46 (1981), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The content in NDF, ADF, cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin of 22 raw and 19 cooked vegetables (14 boiled, and 5 fried) widely consumed among the Spanish population was determined according to the method of Van Soest. Cooking generally increases the NDF, ADF and cellulose content on a dry weight basis. Normal size servings of the vegetables were prepared and their NDF, cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin contents calculated. We observed that, with vegetables of common use, a total amount of 15–20 g/day of these fiber components can be obtained; according to current knowledge this implies beneficial physiological effects for a broad human pathology.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 14
    ISSN: 1438-2385
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Lentils were subjected to natural fermentation for 4 days at 30°C. The pH value fell to 3.8 during the process. α-Galactosides and sucrose were not detected in fermented lentils but a significant increase in the fructose content was observed. In fermented lentils the neutral detergent fibre, cellulose and hemicellulose contents decreased and the lignin content increased. After fermentation the riboflavin content was higher and the trypsin inhibitor activity decreased.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Es wurde die Linsenfermentation durch natürlich vorkommende Mikroorganismen während 4 Tage durchgeführt. Die Temperatur wurde bei 30°C gehalten. Durch die Vergärung fällt der pH-Wert auf 3,8. α-Galaktoside und Saccharose wurden in den Linsen nicht nachgewiesen, jedoch eine signifikante Zunahme des Fructosegehaltes. Es zeigte sich, daß in den Linsen die neutrale Detergent-Faser, der Cellulose- und Hemicellulosegehalt und die Trypsininhibitor-Aktivität abnimmt, aber der Lignin- und Riboflavingehalt zunimmt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European food research and technology 191 (1990), S. 313-318 
    ISSN: 1438-2385
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary A high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) procedure for the determination of thiamin in foods has been developed. Acid and enzymatic extracts of food samples were subjected to purification and Chromatographic conditions which allowed the quantification of thiamin in foods with only a low content. Reverse-phase ion pair chromatography, using mixtures of sodium hexanesulfonate and sodium heptanesulfonate as counterions and detection at 254 nm, was employed. The lowest detection limit for thiamin was 0.5 ng/injection. Analyses of four samples of legumes and lyophilized meat and milk and the recovery for standard thiamin are given. Mean recovery values of extraction and purification procedure ranged over 97–98%.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Es wurde eine HPLC-Methode zur quantitativen Bestimmung von Thiamin in Lebensmitteln ausgearbeitet. Nach der Reinigung der angesäuerten und enzymatischen Extrakte der Proben wurden niedrige Gehalte von Thiamin unter den angegebenen chromatographischen Bedingungen bestimmt. Die Thiaminbestimmung wurde mit Umkehrphasen-Ionenpaachromatographie unter Anwendung verschiedener Mischungen von Natriumhexansulfonat und Natriumheptansulfonat als Gegenion durchgeführt. Für den Nachweis verwendet man einen UV-Detektor (Wellenlänge 254 nm). Die Nachweisgrenze für Thiamin lag bei 0,5 ng/Einspritzung. Es werden die Ergebnisse der Analysen von vier Leguminosenproben, einer lyophilisierten Fleischprobe und einer lyophilisierten Milchprobe sowie die Wiederfindungsrate für Standardthiamin angegeben. Der Mittelwert der Wiederfindung für die Extraktion und die Reinigung lag bei etwa 97–98%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European food research and technology 193 (1991), S. 436-440 
    ISSN: 1438-2385
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary There different legumes, chick peas, kidney beans, and lentils, were soaked and boiled in distilled water under normal and high pressure. The cooked legumes were kept at 35° C for 5 h, simulating catering systems, and the niacin contents were determined by HPLC. Data were obtained for raw and boiled legumes on both a wet weight and a dry matter basis. The niacin content of the raw legumes on a wet weight basis was always higher than that of the processed legumes, but on a dry matter basis there were small, though occasionally significant, increases in niacin content. In most cases simulated catering also led to a significant increase in the available niacin.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Drei verschiedene Hülsenfrüchte, Kichererbsen, Schminkbohnen und Linsen, wurden in destilliertem Wasser eingeweicht und anschließend unter normalem und erhöhtem Druck gekocht. Zur Simulation eines „Catering“-Systemes wurden die gekochten Hülsenfrüchte 5 h bei 35 °C gelagert. In den rohen, den gekochten und den gelagerten Hülsenfrüchten wurde der Niacingehalt mittels Hochleistungsflüssigchromatographie (HPLC) bestimmt. Die erhaltenen Resultate zeigten, daß der Gehalt an verfügbarem Niacin, bezogen auf das Frischgewicht des Rohmaterials, durch den Kochprozeß in jedem Falle vermindert wird. Auf Trockensubstanz bezogen wurden kleine, zum Teil signifikante, Erhöhungen des Niacingehaltes gegenüber dem Rohmaterial beobachtet. Die Simulation von „Catering“-Bedingungen führte ebenfalls in den meisten Fällen zu einer signifikanten Erhöhung des verfügbaren Niacins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 17
    ISSN: 1438-2385
    Keywords: Key words Continuous flow microwave treatment ; Milk ; Vitamin B1
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract  The effects of continuous flow microwave treatment and conventional heating (using a plate heat exchanger) on the nutritional value of raw milk was estimated by measurement of the vitamin B1 retention. Microwave heating, without a holding phase, did not modify the vitamin B1 content of milk, whereas analogous treatment carried out with the plate heat exchanger led to a loss of this vitamin. A holding phase caused a similar loss of vitamin B1 in milk heated using either system. These results indicate that continuous flow microwave treatment of milk compares favourably with conventional heating because it produce less destruction of vitamin B1 in milk. This could be attributed to the shorter time taken to reach the final temperature and the lack of hot surfaces in contact with the milk in the case of the microwave system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 18
    ISSN: 1438-2385
    Keywords: Key words Meat ; Thiamine ; Capillary electrophoresis ; High performance liquid chromatography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract  A new capillary electrophoresis (CE) method for the analysis of thiamine in meat is proposed. Samples were submitted to acidic and enzymatic hydrolysis and the extracts were purified using ethanol and an ion exchange column. The thiamine content was determined by CE using 100 mM sodium tetraborate, 50 mM sodium phosphate (pH 7.6), 50 mM sodium dodecyl sulphate and 10% isopropyl alcohol as a separation buffer solution. The analysis was carried out at 15 kV and 50  °C in a 70 cm effective length× 75 μm i.d. fused-silica capillary using on-column UV detection at 254 nm and 7 s injection time (27 nl injection volume). The results obtained by CE for thiamine contents in meat were compared to those obtained by HPLC using an ion-pair reverse phase column with post-column derivatization and fluorescence detection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 19
    ISSN: 1438-2385
    Keywords: Lentils ; Germination ; Antinutrients ; Alpha-galactosides ; Soluble sugars
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract The effect of light and seed rinsing during the germination of lentil seeds (Lens culinaris var. vulgaris, cultivar Magda-20) on the level of monosaccharides, disaccharides and α-galactosides (raffinose, ciceritol and stachyose) was investigated. The total soluble sugar content corresponded to about 9% of the mature seed weight, about 65% of which was α-galactosides. Germination brought about a large decrease in α-galactosides: 18% to 40% losses after 3 days and 100% after 6 days. However, glucose, which was not detected in ungerminated seeds, as well as fructose and sucrose gradually increased during germination. The content of α-galactosides decreased more rapidly when germinating seeds were given 6 h light per day, but under these conditions there was also a major reduction in the levels of fructose, glucose and sucrose. Seeds rinsed daily showed a greater reduction of α-galactosides and an increase in the levels of fructose, glucose and sucrose. When seeds were germinated for 10 days in the dark with daily rinsing, the content of α-galactosides decreased gradually during the first 4 days and they were not detected after 6 days. Under these conditions, fructose, glucose and sucrose, which represented about 3% of the mature seed weight, started increasing after day 2 and represented more than 13% of the germinated seed dry weight after 10 days.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 20
    ISSN: 1438-2385
    Keywords: Seed development ; α-Galactosides ; Pea ; Faba bean ; Lupin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract Seeds of pea (Pisum sativum L. cv. Ergo), faba bean (Vicia faba ssp. minor Harz., cv. Tibo) and yellow pea lupin (Lupinus luteus L. cv. Juno) were sampled at different days after flowering (DAF) and their content of soluble carbohydrates was determined: Analysis of samples showed thatmyo-inositol, fructose, glucose, galactose and sucrose were found in high abundance early in development and their content decreased gradually during maturation. α-Galactosides, which includes the content of raffinose, stachyose and verbascose, started to appear later in seed development, at 37 DAF in peas, 40 DAF in faba beans and 45 DAF in lupins. Their accumulation increased considerably during seed growth, and the maximum content was obtained in mature seeds; 3.8% in peas, 4.5% in faba beans and 10.4% in lupins. Results obtained for these sugars during seed development were fitted to modelling curves in order to predict sugar content at different development stages.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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