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  • 11
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Despite an extensive research on the molecular basis of epilepsy, the essential players in the epileptogenic process leading to epilepsy are not known. Gene expression analysis is one strategy to enhance our understanding of the genes contributing to the functional neuronal changes underlying epileptogenesis. In the present study, we used the novel MPSS (massively parallel signature sequencing) method for analysis of gene expression in the rat kindling model of temporal lobe epilepsy. Kindling by repeated electrical stimulation of the amygdala resulted in the differential expression of 264 genes in the hippocampus compared to sham controls. The most strongly induced gene was Homer 1A, an immediate early gene involved in the modulation of glutamate receptor function. The overexpression of Homer 1A in the hippocampus of kindled rats was confirmed by RT-PCR. In order to evaluate the functional implications of Homer 1A overexpression for kindling, we used transgenic mice that permanently overexpress Homer 1A. Immunohistochemical characterization of these mice showed a marked Homer 1A overexpression in glutamatergic neurons of the hippocampus. Kindling of Homer 1A overexpressing mice resulted in a retardation of seizure generalization compared to wild-type controls. The data demonstrate that kindling-induced epileptogenesis leads to a striking overexpression of Homer 1A in the hippocampus, which may represent an intrinsic antiepileptogenic and anticonvulsant mechanism in the course of epileptogenesis that counteracts progression of the disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Crystal Growth 122 (1992), S. 144-151 
    ISSN: 0022-0248
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Crystal Growth 122 (1992), S. 144-151 
    ISSN: 0022-0248
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 14
    ISSN: 1573-7195
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Resumé On a mesuré durant des cycles ovulatoires menstruels normaux chez dix femmes, âgées de 23 à 34 ans, par la méthode de précipitation avec du sulfate d'ammonium, les niveaux sériques journaliers de la globuline liant les hormones sexuelles (SHBG). Les résultats ont montré que les niveaux moyens de SHBG durant un cycle variaient considérablement selon les individus, mais qu'ils étaient constants pendant un cycle donné. Ni les pics de SHBG au jour 0 de HL (52,64±19,89 nmol/L) (x±SD) ni les niveaux moyens de SHBG entre la phase folliculaire (57,10±17,64 nmol/L) et la phase lutéale (64,75±23,42 nmol/L) ne présentent de différences significatives. Les corrélations entre les niveaux moyens de SHBG et les concentrations moyennes de progestérone (P), oestradiol (E2) et androstènedione pendant les cycles menstruels étaient insignifiants, alors que le niveaux moyens de SHBG pendant les phases folliculaire et lutéale et au jour 0 de LH présentaient des corrélations significatives avec les concentrations de testostérone (t=0,474,p〈0,05). On a mesuré chez 10 femmes âgées de 25 à 34 ans, les niveaux de SHBG, E2, P et lévonorgestrel (LNG) une fois au jour 20–21 du cycle précédant le traitement et trois fois par semaine pendant la première semaine, 2 fois par semaine pendant la sixième semaine du cycle sous traitement après l'insertion d'un DIU libérant du lévonorgestrel (DIU-LNG). La valeur moyenne de SHBG dans les échantillons sanguins antérieurs au traitement (62,09±23,09 nmol/L) étaient plus élevés qu'après l'insertion du (DIU-LNG), encore que la différence n'ait pas été significative (p〉0,05). La corrélation entre LNG et SHBG par contre était très significative (r=0,89p〈0,01). L'article examine ce que représente cette corrélation et le degré de suppression de la fonction ovarienne.
    Abstract: Resumen Se midieron durante los ciclos ovulatorios menstruales normales en diez mujeres, de 23 a 34 años, por el método de precipitación con sulfato ámonico, los niveles séricos diarios de la globulina que enlaza las hormonas sexuales (SHBG). Los resultados demostraron que los niveles medios de SHBG en un ciclo variaban considerablemente según la persona, pero eran constantes durante un ciclo dado. Ni los picos de SHBG en el día 0 de HL (52,64±19,89 nmol/L) (x±SD) ni los niveles medios de SHBG entre la fase folicular (57,10±17,64 nmol/L) y la fase lútea (64,75±23,42 nmol/L) presentan diferencias significativas. Las correlaciones entre los niveles medios de SHBG y las concentraciones medias de progesterona (P), estradiol (E2) y androstenediona durante los ciclos menstruales eran insignificantes, mientra sque los niveles medios de SHBG durante las fases folicular y lútea y en el día 0 de LH presentaban correlaciones significativas con las concentraciones de testosterona (t=0,474,p〈0,05). Se midieron en 10 mujeres de 25 a 34 años los niveles de SHBG, E2, P y levonorgestrel (LNG) una vez por día en el día 20–21 del ciclo anterior al tratamiento y 3 veces por semana durante la primera semana, 2 veces por semana durante la sexta semana del ciclo de tratamiento después de la inserción de un DIU que liberaba levonorgestrel (DIU-LNG). El valor medio de SHBG en las muestras de sangre anteriores al tratamiento (62,09±23,09 nmol/L) era más alto que después de la inserción del DIU-LNG, si bien la diferencia no era significativa (p〉0,05). En cambio, la correlación entre LNG y SHBG era muy significativa (r=0,89p〈0,01). Este artículo examina lo que representa esta correlación y el grado de supresión de la función ovárica.
    Notes: Abstract Daily serum sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) levels were measured during normal ovulatory menstrual cycles in ten women between the ages of 23 and 34 by the method of precipitation with ammonium sulfate. The results showed that the mean SHBG levels in a cycle were quite different among individuals, but that the SHBG levels were constant during a certain menstrual cycle. Neither SHBG peaks on day LH-0 (52.64±19.89 nmol/L) (x±SD) nor the mean SHBG levels between the follicular phase (57.10±17.64 nmol/L) and luteal phase (64.75±23.42 nmol/L) show any significant differences. The correlations between the mean SHBG levels and the mean concentrations of progesterone (P), estradiol (E2) and androstenedione during the menstrual cycles were insignificant, whereas the mean SHBG levels during the follicular and luteal phase and on LH-0 day were significantly correlated with the mean concentrations of testosterone (t=0.474;p〈0.05). In ten women between the ages of 5 and 34, serum SHBG, E2, P, and levonorgestrel (LNG) levels were measured once on day 20–21 of the pretreatment cycle and 3 times/week during the 1st, and 2 times/week during the 6th treatment cycle after insertion of a levonorgestrel-releasing IUD (LNG-IUD). The mean value of SHBG in the pretreatment blood samples (62.09±23.09 nmol/L) was higher than that after insertion of the LNG-IUD (41.82±20.50 nmol/L), though the difference was not significant (p〉0.05). The correlation between LNG and SHBG was highly significant (r=0.89,p〈0.01). The significance of this correlation and the degree of suppression of ovarian function are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Annals of operations research 74 (1997), S. 113-127 
    ISSN: 1572-9338
    Keywords: mathematical programming ; discriminant analysis ; linear statistical models
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Notes: Abstract Since the mathematical programming approach was proposed to solve discriminant analysis problems, a number of anomalies with this technique have been identified and remedied. However, the existence of alternative or multiple discriminant vectors and their impact has not been fully addressed. This article examines the significance of alternative discriminant vectors in LP models, characterizes the conditions under which they are generated, and proposes a regularization method to eliminate this undesirable outcome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    IIE transactions 32 (2000), S. 1081-1090 
    ISSN: 1573-9724
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract It has been shown that a class of (s, S) policies is optimal to the single item/location inventory system. However, the computational complexity of finding the optimal (s, S) policy has restricted applications of this inventory system. This paper proposes a new algorithm to search for the optimal pair of s and S. We introduce a dummy cost factor and an auxiliary function into our algorithm. The algorithm searches for the optimal dummy cost through continuously evaluating the auxiliary function. It differs from the approach of Zheng and Federgruen (1991) in several aspects and has certain advantages. First, as it revises the dummy cost based on the sign of the auxiliary function, the primary goal of the search is not to compute the optimal s and S during each iteration. Second, by identifying the non-prospective sets of S, the algorithm further reduces the search effort. Numerical tests show that on the average, the proposed algorithm saves more than 30% of evaluation effort compared with Zheng and Federgruen's method.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics 18 (1994), S. 49-71 
    ISSN: 0363-9061
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Notes: In this paper a coupled finite and boundary element formulation is developed for the analysis of excavation in jointed rock. The presence of joints in the rock mass has been included implicitly by treating it as an appropriate anisotropic elastic continuum. The boundary element formulation for an anisotropic medium is briefly discussed. Good agreement has been found between numerical and analytical solutions for several example problems, demonstrating the accuracy of the present formulation. Numerical solutions are also presented for the problems of a deep circular tunnel and a basement excavated in a variety of jointed rock masses.
    Additional Material: 20 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal for Numerical and Analytical Methods in Geomechanics 18 (1994), S. 445-466 
    ISSN: 0363-9061
    Keywords: Engineering ; Engineering General
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geosciences
    Notes: This paper presents a coupled, elastoplastic, finite element and boundary element method for the two-dimensional, non-linear analysis of anisotropic jointed rock. The non-linear and anisotropic behaviour of a jointed rock mass is simulated by representing the mass as an equivalent anisotropic, elastoplastic continuum, so that the influence of the jointing system is ‘smeared’ across the continuum, i.e. the individual joints are not modelled as discrete entities. Numerical examples have been solved to verify the capability, accuracy and efficiency of the present technique. The proposed technique has also been applied to the analysis of tunnel excavation problems in plane strain. The effects of anisotropy and non-linearity of the jointed rock mass during excavation have been investigated in some detail.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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