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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    PAPAVERIVE ABOLISHES ENDOTHELIUM-DEPENDENT DILATATION OF HUMAN INTERNAL MAMMARY ARTERIES IN VITRO (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 24 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of papaverine-HCl, administered into the lumen of the human internal mammary artery (IMA) during harvesting of this vessel, on vascular reactivity in vitro and to specifically test the hypothesis that intraluminal administration of papaverine-HCl impairs endothelium-dependent vasodilation.2. The present study measured in vitro dilator and constrictor responses of terminal segments of human IMA. Internal mammary artery segments were obtained either prior to routine administration of intraluminal papaverine (pre-P) or after papaverine administration (post-P) in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. In addition, the viability of cultured human saphenous vein endothelial cells exposed to papaverine-HCl was examined.3. Cumulative concentrations of U46619, 5-hydroxytryptamine and phenylephrine (PE) produced active contractions in post-P IMA rings. Contractile responses to low concentrations of endothelin-1 were significantly enhanced in post-P IMA compared with pre-P IMA segments.4. Maximal endothelium-dependent vasodilator responses of pre-P IMA segments to cumulative concentrations of acetylcholine (ACh) and the calcium ionophore A23187 were 49 ± 7 and 66 ± 4%, respectively, of the initial active tension induced by PE (1 umol/L).5. Maximal endothelium-dependent vasodilator responses were markedly attenuated in post-P EVIA (6 ± 6 and 11 ± 10% for ACh and A23187, respectively; P 0.0001 for both vasodilators compared with pre-P). Post-P EVIA relaxed completely to the endothelium-independent vasodilator sodium nitroprusside.6. Exposure of cultured human saphenous vein endothelial cells to papaverine-HCl (1.2 and 12.0 mg/mL) for 1 h resulted in the reduced viability of these cells.7. The loss of endothelium-dependent relaxation could dangerously predispose the IMA graft to vasospasm in the postoperative period.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1681.1997.tb01811.x
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Capacity expansion study of a batch production line (1989)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Industrial & engineering chemistry research 28 (1989), S. 771-777 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5045
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ie00090a019
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ion-Catalyzed Recombination of Atomic Nitrogen and the Pink Glow (1965)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 69 (1965), S. 1763-1764 
    Details
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/j100889a515
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    DISCUSSION1 (1981)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the American Water Resources Association 17 (1981), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1752-1688
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1752-1688.1981.tb01317.x
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Impact of irrigation timing on simulated water-crop production functions (1997)
    Springer
    Irrigation science 18 (1997), S. 23-31 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1319
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Estimates of the effects of alternative discrete irrigation water scheduling options on consumptive use or evapotranspiration and on crop yield are developed for a northeastern Colorado case study. The analysis proceeds from the premise that farmers, rather than considering irrigation water as a continuously variable input, tend to treat irrigations as discrete events, and make scheduling decisions as choices among numbers of irrigations of approximately equal volume. The van Genuchten-Hanks model is employed to develop a transient-state water-crop production function model. Results for two crops – corn grain and edible dry beans – are presented here. Findings are that the effect of the number of irrigations on evapotranspiration and yield per hectare varies widely, depending upon the timing of applications. When farmers can choose the optimal timing of irrigations, a reduced number of irrigations has a relatively limited adverse effect on crop production until irrigations are reduced to less than four per season. However, there are many situations in which an inability to apply water can result in a very large reduction from potential maximum yield, particularly if water is withheld early in the season and/or during the rapid growth period of the crops. In many contexts of irrigation water management, water policy analysts will wish to consider the more realistic discrete-input simulation model for policy evaluation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002710050041
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The need for additional water in the arid southwest: An economist's dissent (1969)
    Springer
    The annals of regional science 3 (1969), S. 22-31 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0592
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Geography , Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01283748
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The political economy of secession: The case of Quebec (1994)
    Springer
    Constitutional political economy 5 (1994), S. 221-245 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9966
    Keywords: D74 ; F15 ; H77
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Abstract In the absence of oppression, citizens of a sub-unit who contemplate secession carefully weigh the benefits and costs of different outcomes. Here these costs are shown to be highly variable: they depend on the strategic behavior of each state and on whether cooperative relations would be re-established after secession. Using Quebec as a case, it is shown that threats of non-cooperation by the predecessor state may be discounted as not credible. Elementary game theory, however, shows that, with repeat play, retaliatory non-cooperation could be a rational strategy. Moreover, it is shown that reaching a compromise solution requires a credible threat on the part of the potential secessor to accept a sovereignty where there would be no economic cooperation. In modern welfare states, these risks are severe enough to make secession rare, and incremental constitutional change the norm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02393148
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chemistry in mixtures of Kr with Ar and He illuminated with Kr resonance radiation (1982)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Chemical Kinetics 14 (1982), S. 93-130 
    Details
    ISSN: 0538-8066
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Physical Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The formation and destruction of excited rare-gas dimers have been studied using resonance optical excitation of high-pressure gas mixtures containing Kr. From an analysis of the resulting emission, 19 reaction rate coefficients have been inferred. It is concluded that atom-atom interchange processes play a major role in rare-gas eximer formation, and that stepwise relaxation down the eximer vibrational ladder is less important than multistep relaxation due to atom-atom exchange in the excited eximer.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/kin.550140202
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