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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Short-pulse laser harmonics from oscillating plasma surfaces driven at relativistic intensity (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 3 (1996), S. 3425-3437 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The generation of harmonics by interaction of an ultrashort laser pulse with a step boundary of a plane overdense plasma layer is studied at intensities Iλ2=1017–1019 W cm−2 μm2 for normal and oblique incidence and different polarizations. Fully relativistic one-dimensional particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations are performed with high spectral resolution. Harmonic emission increases with intensity and also when lowering the plasma density. The simulations reveal strong oscillations of the critical surface driven by the normal component of the laser field and by the ponderomotive force. It is shown that the generation of harmonics can be understood as reflection from the oscillating surface, taking full account of retardation. Describing the oscillations by one or more Fourier components with adjustable amplitudes, model spectra are obtained that well reproduce the PIC spectra. The model is based on relativistic cold plasma equations for oblique incidence. General selection rules concerning polarization of odd and even harmonics depending on incident polarization are derived. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871619
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On electron acceleration by intense laser pulses in the presence of a stochastic field (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 6 (1999), S. 641-644 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Electron acceleration by intense laser pulses is studied in the presence of a stochastic field representing a background plasma. Electron distributions are generated peaked in the direction of laser propagation and having a quasi-thermal energy spectrum. Effective temperatures are obtained above the ponderomotive energy. They scale with laser intensity I0 and interaction time t0 proportional to I01/2t0α with α(approximate)0.5−1.0. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.873347
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relativistic wave breaking in warm plasmas (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 4 (1997), S. 493-495 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A unified description of wave breaking for relativistic plasma waves having arbitrary phase velocity is obtained on the basis of warm relativistic electron fluid theory [Phys. Fluids 25, 846 (1982)]. Limiting cases found in the literature are reproduced. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.872116
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dynamic compression of hydrogen for probing the molecular-atomic phase transition (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 1 (1994), S. 1962-1970 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Low-entropy, cylindrical implosion of cryogenic hydrogen is simulated to explore the equation of state (EOS) close to the transition from molecular to atomic structure. The simulations are based on the Los Alamos EOS library. Concerning isentropic compression, optimum time-shaped pulses are derived analytically and are used in numerical simulations. Small cylinders of cryogenic hydrogen, suitable for laser experiments, are considered with 100 μm radius and about a millimeter long; the energy to be invested into such cylinders to reach the transition is about 1 J. Multiple-shock compression by an imploding liner is also considered; the liner velocity has to be close to 1 km/s. Liner compression produces more uniform compressed configurations with longer lifetime (about 10 ns), though at somewhat higher entropy. Rarefaction shocks occur in the expansion stage and might be useful as a diagnostic.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.870652
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Recent results from experiments on x-ray confining cavities (abstract) : Eighth topical conference on high−temperature plasma diagnostics (1990)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 61 (1990), S. 2813-2813 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: In continuation of the collaborative work between the Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka and Max–Planck-Institut für Quantenoptik, Garching on x-ray confining cavities, we have performed a new series of experiments using the GEKKO-XII laser facility (4 kJ, 0.9 ns, λ=0.35 μm). The results from two experimental objectives will be presented. The first objective was the direct observation of the x-ray confinement effect in a cavity. A special design target allowed the simultaneous measurement of the x-ray flux emanating from a "closed'' cavity and an "open'' cavity. The second objective was the study of radiation transport mechanism in high- and low-Z materials. Thin foils of Au and Al were used as windows on diagnostic holes of x-ray confining cavities and their emission was compared to that of an open hole. A summary of the main results will be presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1141839
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Group-invariant solutions and optimal systems for multidimensional hydrodynamics (1992)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Mathematical Physics 33 (1992), S. 3585-3601 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7658
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics
    Notes: The group properties of the three-dimensional (3-D), one-temperature hydrodynamic equations, including nonlinear conduction and a thermal source, are presented. A subgroup corresponding to axisymmetric geometry is chosen, and the details of the construction of the one- and two-dimensional optimal systems are shown. The two-dimensional optimal system is used to generate 23 intrinsically different reductions of the 2-D partial differential equations to ordinary differential equations. These ordinary differential equations can be solved to provide analytic solutions to the original partial differential equations. Two example analytic solutions are presented: a 2-D axisymmetric flow with a P2 asymmetry and a 3-D spiraling flow.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.529907
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relativistic laser-plasma interaction by multi-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations : The 39th annual meeting of division of plasma physics of APS (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 5 (1998), S. 1880-1886 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Interaction of relativistically strong laser pulses with plasmas is investigated by a multi-dimensional particle-in-cell (PIC) code VLPL (Virtual Laser Plasma Laboratory) [Bull. Am. Phys. Soc. 41, 1502 (1996)]. Acceleration of background electrons to multi-MeV energies, generation of 100 MG magnetic fields, and dynamics of ion channel boring are studied. It is shown that direct v×B push by the laser pulse in the presence of an azimuthal dc magnetic field effectively accelerates background plasma electrons to energies significantly higher than the ponderomotive potential. The authors call this novel effect "B-loop" acceleration mechanism. It is dominant in near-critical plasma, or when plasma waves disappear due to wavebreaking. Laser channeling in under- and overdense plasmas is also studied. Energy spectra of the accelerated electrons and ions and the laser energy conversion efficiency at the critical surface are presented. It is shown that the accelerated electrons propagate in the form of magnetized jets. This physics is crucial for the fast ignitor concept in inertial confinement fusion. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.872821
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analytic and numerical study of magnetic fields in the plasma wake of an intense laser pulse (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 5 (1998), S. 3764-3773 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Magnetic field generation by a laser-induced wakefield is studied in two-dimensional (2D) planar geometry, both analytically and numerically via particle-in-cell (PIC) code simulations. Generally, the magnetic field in the wake is perpendicular to the 2D plane and can be separated into two components: one is independent of time and uniform in the longitudinal (laser propagation) direction; the other depends on time and varies longitudinally. The scaling of magnetic field strength changes from dIL2/dr⊥ at low light intensities to dIL/dr⊥ at high intensities, where IL is the laser intensity and r⊥ the transverse coordinate. Furthermore, the varying component changes from a periodic to a rather complicated structure and tends to increase with the distance from the pulse front. In addition to the quasistatic component, the magnetic field contains a transient component radiating at nearly twice the plasma frequency during the early stage of wakefield buildup. Phase velocities of the wakefield equal to and less than the vacuum speed of light are considered. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.872986
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulation for magnetized transport of ultra-high relativistic currents in plasma (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 7 (2000), S. 1302-1308 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Nonlinear channel dynamics and magnetized transport of relativistic electron currents in plasma have been investigated, using transverse two-dimensional particle-in-cell simulations allowing for movable ions and fully relativistic binary collisions. Current filaments self-organize in coaxial structures where the relativistic beam in the center is surrounded by magnetized vacuum and a thin return current sheath outside. The current sheath explodes radially. The filament as a whole is current-neutral with almost vanishing magnetic field at the outside. Ion dynamics play an important role, leading to enhanced self-pinching of the filament cores. Collisional effects become significant in the slowly moving return currents. It is shown that electron currents of 100–1000 MA can be transported through dense plasma, but only through a large number of current filaments, each carrying about one Alfvén current. This aspect is essential for relativistic electron transport in fast ignition of targets for inertial confinement fusion (ICF). © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.873941
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Particle acceleration in relativistic laser channels (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 6 (1999), S. 2847-2854 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Energy spectra of ions and fast electrons accelerated by a channeling laser pulse in near-critical plasma are studied using three-dimensional (3D) Particle-In-Cell simulations. The realistic 3D geometry of the simulations allows us to obtain not only the shape of the spectra, but also the absolute numbers of accelerated particles. It is shown that ions are accelerated by a collisionless radial expansion of the channel and have nonthermal energy spectra. The electron energy spectra instead are Boltzmann-like. The effective temperature Teff scales as I1/2. The form of electron spectra and Teff depends also on the length of the plasma channel. The major mechanism of electron acceleration in relativistic channels is identified. Electrons make transverse betatron oscillations in the self-generated static electric and magnetic fields. When the betatron frequency coincides with the laser frequency as witnessed by the relativistic electron, a resonance occurs, leading to an effective energy exchange between the laser and electron. This is the inverse free-electron laser mechanism. Electrons are accelerated at the betatron resonance when the laser power overcomes significantly the critical power for self-focusing. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.873242
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