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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effects of particle size and distribution on the magnetic properties of coercive Sm(Co,Fe,Cu,Zr)z alloy powders for bonded magnet applications : The 41st annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 81 (1997), S. 5640-5642 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The microstructure of Sm(CobalFexCu0.08Zr0.03)8.2, where x=0.23, 0.26, and 0.28, in the as-cast state and after various processing stages has been examined by optical microscopy. The size of the 2:17 matrix phase was found to be approximately 100 μm in the as-cast state. A slight increase in the size of the 2:17 matrix was observed after thermal processing. Subgrains of 10 to 20 μm are present in the 2:17 matrix of the fully processed ingots. Powders with a mean particle size range of 3–300 μm were found to exhibit a Gaussian distribution. A slight increase in intrinsic coercivity (Hci) was observed when the mean particle size was decreased from 300 to 200 μm and remained nearly constant for sizes ranging between 10 and 200 μm. A significant decrease in Hci was observed when powders were further reduced below 10 μm. Similar trends were also observed for remanence (Br), maximum energy product (BHmax), and squareness of the second quadrant demagnetization curve. The size of the subgrains was found to be critical to these properties. The Hci of alloy powders with a high Fe content appeared to degrade more severely when reduced below 10 μm. For a fixed mean particle size, alloy powders with a high Fe content also exhibited a less-square second quadrant demagnetization curve. A Br of 9.2 kG, Hci of 18 kOe, Hcb of 7.4 kOe, BHmax of 19 MGOe, and a squareness ratio of 0.91 have been obtained on Sm(CobalFe0.23Cu0.08Zr0.03)8.2. As expected for alloys with a higher Fe content, Br of 11.3 kG, Hci of 20 kOe, Hcb of 8.1 kOe, BHmax of 25 MGOe, and a square ratio of 0.83 have been obtained on Sm(CobalFe0.28Cu0.08Zr0.03)8.2. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.364625
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic properties of Sm2Fe14−xCoxSi2-based quasiternary compounds : The 6th joint magnetism and magnetic materials (MMM)-intermag conference (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 76 (1994), S. 6156-6158 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The structural and magnetic properties of the off-stoichiometric R2Fe17-type Sm2Fe14−xCoxSi2 compounds with 0≤x≤7 have been investigated by x-ray diffraction, thermomagnetic analysis, and magnetic measurements. Substitution of Co for Fe leads to an increase in Curie temperature, ΔTc=303 K for samples with x from 0 to 7. The saturation magnetization Ms increased with increasing Co content at first and then decreased. A maximum saturation magnetization Ms=124 emu/g was obtained at x about 4. The anisotropy changes from planar x〈4 to uniaxial x≥4 with Ha=23 kOe for x=7. Introduction of N leads to an increase in lattice constants causing a further enhancement in the Curie temperature and anisotropy field. The best properties were obtained for the Sm2Fe10Co4Si2N2.3 compound with Tc=742 K, Ha (300 K)=175 kOe.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.358339
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interface-mediated amorphization of coesite by 200 keV electron irradiation (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 81 (1997), S. 2570-2574 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Electron-induced amorphization of coesite was studied as a function of irradiation temperature by in situ transmission electron microscopy at an incident energy of 200 keV. Electron-induced amorphization of coesite is induced by an ionization mechanism and is mainly dominated by an interface-mediated, heterogeneous nucleation-and-growth controlled process. Amorphous domains nucleate at surfaces, crystalline-amorphous (c-a) interfaces, and grain boundaries. This is the same process as the interface-mediated vitrification of coesite by isothermal annealing above the thermodynamic melting temperature (875 K), but below the glass transition temperature (1480 K). The interface-mediated amorphization of coesite by electron irradiation is morphologically similar to interface-mediated thermodynamic melting. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.363920
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic hysteresis in melt-spun Nd-Fe-Al-B-Si alloys with high remanence (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 64 (1988), S. 5559-5561 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The large values of remanence observed in isotropic melt-spun R-Fe-Al-B-Si samples have been investigated by correlating the magnetic properties with the microstructure. Transmission electron microscope studies showed that the highest values of reduced remanence mR are obtained in samples with very fine Nd2Fe14B-type grains having a size of about 180 A(ring). The increased reduced remanence can be explained by the large interaction among the magnetic moments of neighboring grains which is caused by the large surface-to-volume ratio of the fine grains.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.342307
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Size effects on the magnetic properties of fine Fe-Cr particles (abstract) : 37th Annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 73 (1993), S. 6973-6973 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The magnetic and structural properties of Fe100−xCrx ultrafine particles with x=5–20 have been studied as a function of particle size. Particles with sizes in the range of 100–450 A(ring) were prepared by gas evaporation under Ar atmosphere. The particles had a high coercivity with the smaller particles showing a stronger temperature dependence of coercivity than the larger particles. In the smaller x=5 particles the coercivity was about 2500 Oe at 10 K and 100 Oe at room temperature. The temperature coefficient of coercivity of Fe-Cr fine particles was smaller than that of Fe particles.1 Mössbauer spectroscopy was used in the temperature range of 4.2–300 K to better understand the magnetic hysteresis behavior of the particles. The spectra showed the presence of Fe-Cr, α-Fe, and Fe-oxide components in the larger particles, and Fe-Cr and Fe oxide in the smaller particles. The coercivity at low temperature is increased with decreasing particle size and this is attributed to the higher percentage of Fe oxide in the smaller particles. The magnetic and structural properties of protected Fe-Cr particles sandwiched between two Ag films are being studied in an attempt to understand the effect of surface Fe oxide on the magnetic hysteresis behavior of the whole particle.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.352401
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structural and magnetic properties of NdFe12−xMoxN1−δ compounds : 37th Annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 73 (1993), S. 6251-6253 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A series of nitrides NdFe12−xMoxNi1−δ with x=1–2.5 and δ≤0.2 have been investigated. All nitrides are of the ThMn12 tetragonal structure with the unit cell volumes about 3% larger than their parent alloys. Curie temperatures are enhanced by nitrogenation about 160 K and increase linearly with decreasing content x of Mo. NdFe12−xMox exhibits a weak uniaxial anisotropy with a value of BA less than 0.6 T when x≥1.75. After nitrogenation, all nitrides have a strong uniaxial anisotropy. Values of the anisotropy field BA increase monotonically from 6.35 T for x=2.5 up to 9.5 T for x=1 as decreasing content x of Mo. Saturation magnetizations also increase monotonically with decreasing content x.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.352661
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cross-sectional transmission electron microscopy study of 1.5 MeV Kr+ irradiation-induced amorphization in α-quartz (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 84 (1998), S. 4204-4208 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Cross-sectional and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (XTEM and HRTEM, respectively) have been used to characterize ion-beam-induced amorphization of α-quartz irradiated with 1.5 MeV Kr+ ions at room temperature. The accumulation of damage and the growth of the amorphous layers in quartz were studied as a function of ion fluence up to 1.7×1014 ions/cm2. An amorphous band was first observed at the peak displacement damage range, and this region increased in width with increasing ion fluence. These results demonstrate that direct displacement damage by nuclear collision is more efficient than ionization processes in inducing amorphization in quartz. At lower fluences (≤1.7×1013 ions/cm2), the damage profile observed by XTEM is in excellent agreement with the distribution of displacement damage predicted by TRIM calculations. At higher fluences, the range of the amorphous band measured by XTEM exceeds the depth predicted by TRIM. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.368637
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Misch-metal-iron based magnets (1988)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 63 (1988), S. 3513-3515 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The hard magnetic properties of Fe-Mm-B alloys have been studied in melt-spun ribbons and sintered magnets. The as-spun ribbons were magnetically soft and high coercive fields (Hc∼7 kOe) were obtained after a heat treatment at about 700 °C. This caused crystallization of the sample into the Mm2Fe14B phase. The magnetization and Curie temperature of the crystallized samples were found to be 70 emu/g and 250 °C, respectively. The coercive fields of Mm-Fe-B sintered magnets is lower. Small additions of Al and Dy2O3 are found to increase the coercive field in the range of 6–10 kOe.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.340726
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetic properties of melt-spun and as-cast SmCo5−xNix alloys (1987)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 61 (1987), S. 3460-3462 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The magnetic properties of as-cast, ribbon, and powder samples of SmCo5−xNix compounds, where x=1, 2, and 3, have been studied at temperatures between 4.2 and 900 K and in magnetic fields up to 75 kOe. Some new evidences for exchange and anisotropy fluctuations are given. Substantially higher coercivities are observed in ribbons and powders reaching the value of Hc=30 kOe for SmCo4Ni and Hc=51 kOe for SmCo3Ni2 at 4.2 K. The corresponding values for as-cast samples are found to be 7 and 18 kOe, respectively. Hysteresis loop measurements show that along with homogeneous domain wall pinning a "size-effect'' mechanism contributes to the coercivity of ribbon and powder samples.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.338753
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phase transformation and magnetic properties of Sm(Co0.91−xFexCu0.07Zr0.02)z powders for bonded magnet applications : The 7th joint MMM-intermag conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 83 (1998), S. 6709-6711 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Structural and magnetic properties of Sm(Co0.91−xFexCu0.07Zr0.02)8.0, where x=0, 0.12, 0.21, 0.29, and 0.32, and Sm(Co0.64Fe0.28Cu0.06Zr0.02)z, where z ranged from 6.9 to 8.6, have been systematically investigated by x-ray powder diffraction. It was found that most of these alloys exhibit a hexagonal Th2Ni17 structure with a space group P63/mmc after an optimum solid solution treatment with rapid quench. The fully processed materials (after precipitation hardening) all exhibit a rhombohedral Th2Zn17 structure with a space group of R3¯m as the primary phase. For Sm(Co0.91−xFexCu0.07Zr0.02)8.0, the lattice parameters, a and c, and cell volume, V, increase slightly at first with increasing x, and then more sharply when x is increased above 0.28. The latter drastic increase in lattice parameters and cell volume results in a sharp decrease in the Hci, Hc, and Hk values of fully processed materials. For Sm(Co0.64Fe0.28Cu0.06Zr0.02)z, the lattice parameters, a and c, and cell volume increase slightly when z is varied from 6.8 to 7.8, then exhibit a drastic decrease when z is further increased beyond 8.0. A Br of 11.3 kG, Hci of 27 kOe, and BHmax of 30 MGOe have been obtained on Sm(Co0.63Fe0.28Cu0.07Zr0.02)8.0 after a solid solution at 1160 °C and aging at 850 °C. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.367935
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