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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Resonance effects in Josephson tunnel junctions with integrated tuning structures (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 74 (1993), S. 1403-1409 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Large-current steps have been found in the I/V characteristics of superconducting tunnel elements that are integrated within fixed tuning structures. The Josephson frequency at the steps corresponds to the operation frequencies of the different tuning structures at 345, 460, or 600 GHz. Therefore, these current steps are interpreted as resonance effects generated by an internal interaction of the Josephson oscillation with the tuning structure. The result of a spectrometer measurement around 350 GHz is in very good agreement with the resonance frequency obtained from the I/V characteristic. This confirms the interpretation of the current steps. A simple dc measurement is therefore sufficient to determine the actual resonance frequency of the tuning structure. It may be shifted with respect to the expected frequency, due to deviations of the junction size or other parameters from their required values. The exact knowledge of the resonance frequency is important for the application of these integrated tunnel elements as mixers in radioastronomical receivers. In single junctions a splitting of the resonance step into several branches was observed, whereas in two-junction arrays a splitting into two distinct states was found. Irregular switching appeared between these two states. The temperature and magnetic-field dependence of the current steps was investigated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.355298
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    NaSO→NaOS potential energy hypersurface (1990)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 93 (1990), S. 1799-1804 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: For the ground and first excited electronic states of NaOS three minima and three transition states for interconversion have been determined by means of self-consistent field (SCF) and single and double excitation configuration interation (CISD) analytic gradient methods. The relationships between these structures have been clarified by vibrational analyses of the transition states. One of the NaOS equilibrium geometries is linear and the other two are bent. The chemical bonds between the two component parts of NaOS, Na and SO, for both 2A' and 2A‘ bent structures have ionic character, although differing in degree. In all studies both double-zeta-plus polarization and triple-zeta-plus double polarization basis sets were used.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.459107
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reflectivity of laser-produced plasmas generated by a high intensity ultrashort pulsef| (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 1 (1994), S. 1635-1642 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Solid state density aluminum and carbon plasmas were generated by 350 fs KrF laser pulses at intensities of 1017 W cm−2. Reflectivity, x-ray emission, and spectra of the backscattered radiation were measured as a function of the laser polarization, angle of incidence, and intensity (I). For p-polarized light, the absorption (A) is almost intensity independent for 1015 W cm−2〈I〈2×1017 W cm−2, and can reach values up to A=0.8. For constant laser intensity, p-polarized light is up to a factor of 15 more efficient in generating x rays than s-polarized light. A polarization and angle of incidence-dependent absorption mechanism, such as resonance absorption or vacuum heating, is consequently important. The spectral line shape and positions of the reflected radiation from the carbon plasma showed a substantial intensity dependence. It is demonstrated that the backscattered spectrum is influenced by the plasma expansion (Doppler effect) and the temporal development of the electron density.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.870665
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A single-shot spectrograph for the soft x-ray region (1994)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 65 (1994), S. 1631-1635 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A novel spectrograph comprised of a transmission grating, toroidal mirror, and microchannel plate detector is presented here. It is capable of detecting spectra in the wavelength range from 5 to 150 A(ring) with a resolution of about 1.5 A(ring). Owing it to high efficiency, even an x-ray spectrum of a low-energy laser produced plasma, i.e., emission of the order of 10−10 J/sr, can be measured in a single shot.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1144851
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    PREPARATION OF ANHYDROUS ETHYLENIMINE: A CORRECTION (1956)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 78 (1956), S. 1263-1263 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja01587a055
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Cyanoethylation of Phosphine and Phenylphosphine (1959)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 81 (1959), S. 1103-1107 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja01514a022
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High-temperature properties of GaInAs/AlGaAs lasers with improved carrier confinement by short-period superlattice quantum well barriers (1998)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 73 (1998), S. 2863-2865 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The influence of the carrier confinement on the output characteristics of GaInAs/AlGaAs lasers was investigated. To improve the carrier confinement, AlGaAs/GaAs short-period superlattices were used as quantum well barriers. In comparison to lasers with GaAs barriers the structures with the modified barriers show improved temperature properties at low threshold current densities without deterioration of the internal quantum efficiency (〉95%). High characteristic temperatures (T0) well above 300 K were measured between 20 and 75 °C and laser operation up to 238 °C could be achieved. The large improvement in T0 is mainly attributed to the reduced thermionic emission of carriers out of the quantum well due to the increased barrier height and the carrier reflection above the barrier by the short-period superlattice. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.122611
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Soft x-ray emission from plasmas produced by ultraintense KrF-laser pulses in colloidal Al (1996)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 68 (1996), S. 1338-1340 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The interaction of subpicosecond KrF-laser pulses with polished and colloidal metal surfaces at an intensity of 8×1015 W/cm2 was investigated experimentally. The measurements with spectral and temporal resolution for the colloidal targets showed a higher energy conversion efficiency into soft x rays and an increase in x-ray pulse lengths. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.115927
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tracking Intersensory Properties of Cosmetic Products via Psycho-Physiological Assessment (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    International journal of cosmetic science 27 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Intersensory phenomena frequently occur during the subjective assessment of consumer products and are very difficult to measure properly in an objective way. In earlier studies, the objective emotional assessment (OEA) technique based on the evaluation of psycho-physiological reactions and parameters had proven to be highly suitable for determining emotional consumer response. The aim of the present study was to assess the intersensory effects of color and scent via OEA. The experiment was designed in a way that matched combinations of color and fragrance were compared with apparently mismatched combinations in transparent gels. A special apparatus was constructed for presentation of the various stimuli to the volunteers. Furthermore, the order of stimuli presentation was varied according to a prime-probe concept. Data analysis was carried out with multivariate statistics, which allowed identification of characteristic discriminant functions for thevarious experimental conditions and interpretation of their practical meaning in a straightforward way. In summary, we found that OEA could be successfully applied to such weak stimuli as color and scent and there was a good differentiation of matched and mismatched combinations with respect to their activation and emotional effect on volunteers. A very subtle separation of stimuli was achieved, which allows deep insight into the mutual interdependency of color and scent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-1318.2005.00268_4.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Objective emotional assessment of tactile hair properties and their modulation by different product worlds (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    International journal of cosmetic science 24 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Tactile properties of cosmetic products constitute weak stimuli and thus can be expected to be easily modified by mental images. In order to enhance an intended positive-emotion-inducing effect of such a product, its experience can be embedded in a certain ‘world’ that generates a positive emotional imagination. The present study investigated such an influence in 12 males and 12 females, half of each being laymen and experts in sensory assessment. Two product worlds (emotional and technical) and three different hair samples, two of them treated with different shampoos and an untreated one as control, were presented to each subject in counter-balanced order of all six combinations. An objective emotional assessment using a psychophysiological technique developed in an earlier study was applied and compared with a traditional sensory assessment. Among the physiological measures, peripheral blood volume and facial muscular activity were the most sensitive in revealing effects of and interactions between the product worlds and hair samples. A multivariate evaluation of the physiological data revealed three discriminant functions that explained 78.4% of the total variance and enabled a re-classification considerably better than chance. The first discriminant function clearly separated the treated from the untreated hair samples which was not possible by subjective ratings or traditional sensory assessment. The two other discriminant functions comprised a hedonistic and a product world factor. The emotional product world exerted the largest influence in case of the weakest tactile differences between the hair samples, and its influence was larger on laymen than on experts. Gender effects were most prominent in the subjective domain. In conclusion, multivariate psychophysiological methodology is superior to traditional sensory assessment in revealing subtle differences in the tactile perception of cosmetic products.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1467-2494.2002.00129.x
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