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  • 1
    Buch
    Buch
    Advances in sensitivity analysis and parametric programming (1997)
    Boston u.a. :Kluwer,
    Details
    Titel: Advances in sensitivity analysis and parametric programming
    Beteiligte Person(en): Gal, Tomas , Greenberg, Harvey J.
    Verlag: Boston u.a. :Kluwer,
    Erscheinungsjahr: 1997
    Serie: International series in operations research and management science
    Materialart: Buch
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The Reaction of Formates and Formamides with Base1 (1966)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of organic chemistry 31 (1966), S. 2623-2627 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-6904
    Quelle: ACS Legacy Archives
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo01346a040
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Determination of an Occupational Exposure Guideline for Manganese Using the Benchmark Method (2003)
    350 Main Street , Malden , MA 02148 , USA , and 9600 Garsington Road , Oxford OX4 2DQ , UK . : Blackwell Publishing, Inc.
    Risk analysis 23 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1539-6924
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Energietechnik
    Notizen: An occupational risk assessment for manganese (Mn) was performed based on benchmark dose analysis of data from two epidemiological studies providing dose-response information regarding the potential neurological effects of exposure to airborne Mn below the current Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Level (PEL) of 5 mg Mn/m3. Based on a review of the scientific evidence regarding the toxicity of Mn, it was determined that the most appropriate measure of exposure to airborne Mn for the subclinical effects measured in these studies is recent (rather than historical or cumulative) concentration of Mn in respirable (rather than total) particulate. For each of the studies analyzed, the individual exposure and response data from the original study had been made available by the investigators. From these two studies benchmark concentrations calculated for eight endpoints ranged from 0.09 to 0.27 mg Mn/m3. From our evaluation of these results, and considering the fact that the subtle, subclinical effects represented by the neurological endpoints tested in these studies do not represent material impairment, we believe an appropriate occupational exposure guideline for manganese would be in the range of 0.1 to 0.3 mg Mn/m3, based on the respirable particulate fraction only, and expressed as an 8-hour time-weighted average.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1539-6924.00379
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Quantitative Estimates of Risk for Noncancer Endpoints (2005)
    350 Main Street , Malden , MA 02148 , USA , and 9600 Garsington Road , Oxford OX4 2DQ , UK . : Blackwell Publishing, Inc.
    Risk analysis 25 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1539-6924
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Energietechnik
    Notizen: While quantitative estimates of risk have been a standard practice in cancer risk assessment for many years, no similar practice is evident in noncancer risk assessment. We use two recent examples involving methylmercury and arsenic to illustrate the negative impact of this discrepancy on risk communication and cost-benefit analysis. We argue for a more balanced treatment of cancer and noncancer risks and suggest an approach for reaching this goal.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.2005.00589.x
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    An Alternative Exact Solution of the Two-Stage Clonal Growth Model of Cancer (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Risk analysis 19 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1539-6924
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Energietechnik
    Notizen: The approximate solution of the two-stage clonal expansion model of cancer may substantially deviate from the exact solution, and may therefore lead to erroneous conclusions in particular applications. However, for time-varying parameters the exact solution (method of characteristics) is not easy to implement, hampering the accessibility of the model to nonmathematicians. Based on intuitive reasoning, Clewell et al. (1995) proposed an improved approximate solution that is easy to implement whatever time-varying behavior the parameters may have. Here we provide the mathematical foundation for the approximation suggested by Clewell et al. (1995) and show that, after a slight modification, it is in fact an exact solution for the case of time-constant parameters. We were not able to prove that it is an exact solution for time-varying parameters as well. However, several computer simulations showed that the numerical results do not differ from the exact solution as proposed by Moolgavkar and Luebeck (1990). The advantage of this alternative solution is that the hazard rate of the first malignant cell can be evaluated by numerically integrating a single differential equation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.1999.tb00381.x
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Evaluation of the Uncertainty in an Oral Reference Dose for Methylmercury Due to Interindividual Variability in Pharmacokinetics (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Risk analysis 19 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1539-6924
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Energietechnik
    Notizen: An analysis of the uncertainty in guidelines for the ingestion of methylmercury (MeHg) due to human pharmacokinetic variability was conducted using a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model that describes MeHg kinetics in the pregnant human and fetus. Two alternative derivations of an ingestion guideline for MeHg were considered: the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency reference dose (RfD) of 0.1 pg/kg/day derived from studies of an Iraqi grain poisoning episode, and the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry chronic oral minimal risk level (MRL) of 0.5 pglkglday based on studies of a fisheating population in the Seychelles Islands. Calculation of an ingestion guideline for MeHg from either of these epidemiological studies requires calculation of a dose conversion factor (DCF) relating a hair mercury concentration to a chronic MeHg ingestion rate. To evaluate the uncertainty in this DCF across the population of U.S. women of child-bearing age, Monte Carlo analyses were performed in which distributions for each of the parameters in the PBPK model were randomly sampled lo00 times. The 1st and 5th percentiles of the resulting distribution of DCFs were a factor of 1.8 and 1.5 below the median, respectively. This estimate of variability is consistent with, but somewhat less than, previous analyses performed with empirical, one-compartment pharmacokinetic models. The use of a consistent factor in both guidelines of 1.5 for pharmacokinetic variability in the DCF, and keeping all other aspects of the derivations unchanged, would result in an RfD of 0.2 pglkglday and an MRL of 0.3 pglkglday.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1539-6924.1999.tb00427.x
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Time-Related Loss of Glutamine from Hippocampal Slices and Concomitant Changes in Neurotransmitter Amino Acids (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 61 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract: A dramatic, time-dependent loss of l-glutamine was observed in mouse and rat hippocampal slices equilibrated in normal artificial CSF under static (no-flow) and super-fused (constant-flow) conditions. Concomitant with the decline in l-glutamine, there was a significant, but less pronounced, decrease in levels of the neurotransmitter amino acids, γ-aminobutyric acid, l-aspartate, and l-glutamate. The disappearance of l-glutamine was a result of diffusion from the tissue to the artificial CSF rather than chemical or biochemical transformation. The loss of amino acids from the hippocampal slices was prevented to different degrees by the addition of 0.5 mM exogenous l-glutamine to the artificial CSF. The levels of newly synthesized amino acids were also determined, because they may be more indicative of the neuronal activity than the total tissue levels of amino acids. The effects of perturbations in glutamine (length of the equilibration time and addition of exogenous. glutamine) on newly synthesized glutamate were more pronounced under 4-aminopyridine-stimulated than control (unstimulated) conditions. Therefore, a loss of l-glutamine from the hippocampal slices may have neurophysiological effects and warrants further investigation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1993.tb03597.x
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Presence and Ontogeny of Enkephalin and Substance P in the Chick Ciliary Ganglion (1985)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 45 (1985), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract: The avian ciliary ganglion has been reported to contain both enkephalin and substance P in preganglionic terminals. However, extensive biochemical characterization of these antigens has not been completed. Using radioimmunoassays specific for Met5-and for Leu5-enkephalin and for substance P we identified immunoreactive substances in ganglionic extracts that comigrate on HPLC columns with standard Met5- and Leu5-enkephalin and with substance P. The ontogeny of Met5-enkephalin and substance P during embryogenesis was determined in ganglionic extracts and we found that the content of Met5-enkephalin in the ganglion reached a peak at embryonic stage 37 whereas the content of substance P in the ganglion reached its maximum in the adult.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1985.tb05562.x
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Activation of Protein Kinase C by the Capsaicin Analogue Resiniferatoxin in Sensory Neurones (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 65 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract: Resiniferatoxin and capsaicin are sensory neurone-specific excitotoxins that operate a common cation channel in nociceptors. Resiniferatoxin is structurally similar to capsaicin and to phorbol esters. Specific [3H]-resiniferatoxin binding, which was detected in the membrane (KD value 1.8 ± 0.2 nM) but not cytosolic fraction of rat dorsal root ganglia, could not be displaced by phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate. Conversely, resiniferatoxin did not displace [3H]phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate binding in either the cytosolic or membrane fraction. Resiniferatoxin and capsaicin both caused translocation of protein kinase C in dorsal root ganglion neurones (EC50 value 18 ± 3 nM). This translocation was greatly reduced but not abolished, in the absence of external Ca2+, suggesting that it was secondary to Ca2+ entry. Resiniferatoxin also caused direct activation of a Ca2+- and lipid-dependent kinase (or kinases) in the cytosolic fraction of dorsal root ganglia, at concentrations (100 nM to 10 µM) higher than required for displacement of [3H]resiniferatoxin binding or translocation of protein kinase C. Capsaicin (up to 10 µM) was unable to mimic this effect. These data imply that although resiniferatoxin-induced translocation of protein kinase C in dorsal root ganglion neurones was mainly indirect, it also caused direct activation of a protein kinase C-like kinase in these cells.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.1995.65031309.x
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Immunohistochemical Localization of Intermediate Filament Proteins of Neuronal and Nonneuronal Origin in the Goldfish Optic Nerve: Specific Molecular Markers for Optic Nerve Structures (1986)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 47 (1986), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract The predominant proteins (58K) of the intermediate filament complex in the goldfish visual pathway consist of a series of isoelectric variants. Previous biochemical studies have shown that proteins ON1 and ON2 are of neuronal origin, whereas ON3 and ON4 are of nonneuronal origin. Polyclonal antibodies, purified by affinity chromatography, that are specific for ON1 and ON2 or ON3 and ON4 have been used to localize histologically the ON proteins within the normal and crushed optic nerve. Anti-ON1/ON2 antiserum presented a pattern consistent with intraaxonal staining. A nonneuronal staining pattern was observed with anti-ON3/ON4 antiserum. The two patterns were distinct from and complementary to each other. The data suggest that ON3 and ON4 represent a novel glial fibrillary acidic protein. The results are discussed in terms of the function of these proteins in development, plasticity, and regeneration.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1986.tb00744.x
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