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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Thermal Decomposition of CF2Cl2 (1995)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 99 (1995), S. 8673-8680 
    Details
    Quelle: ACS Legacy Archives
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Physik
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/j100021a036
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    A comment on dielectric hole burning (1999)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 111 (1999), S. 1043-1048 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The method of dielectric hole burning is used to distinguish a homogeneous broadened spectrum from a distribution of relaxation times in a dielectric material. After stimulation with a sinusoidal high electric field a time-dependent shift of the response function Φ(t) is observed. This shift is considered to be induced by a frequency selective absorption of energy and an increase of a local fictive temperature. A computer simulation, which is based upon the model of asymmetric double-well potentials for dipole orientations, also shows a time-dependent shift of the response function after applying and removing a sinusoidal high electric field. This behavior is explained considering the time-dependent polarization only. It is shown in this article that it is not necessary to assume an increase of a local fictive temperature caused by a frequency selective absorption of energy. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.479295
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Rules in industrial relations theory: a discussion (1975)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Industrial relations journal 6 (1975), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2338
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Wirtschaftswissenschaften
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2338.1975.tb00573.x
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Which kind of Europe?: An exhortation to act locally and think globally (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    International journal of social welfare 2 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2397
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Sociologie
    Notizen: The attempt to create a European Economic Space by January 1, 1993 has heightened awareness among politicans, concerned citizens and the scientific community of the increasing trend toward integration in Europe. There is, however, a basic dichotomy endemic to the process of European integration: the dichotomy of “wider or deeper”. The “C” in EC seems to stand for club and not for community. European integration functions as an instrument of exclusion, rather than an instrument of inclusion. This article seeks to develop a political theory of integration, promoting the idea of integration achieved through transactions of sharing rather than transactions of exchange. This view constitutes a challenge for European social work practitioners and educators, to transform existing international networks from rather exclusive groups into all-inclusive international communities.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2397.1993.tb00009.x
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    In situ measurement of ion-beam-induced deposition of gold (1989)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 65 (1989), S. 3636-3643 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: An experimental system for measuring ion-beam-induced deposition yield is described. Gold films were deposited on quartz-crystal microbalances (QCM) by decomposing dimethyl gold hexafluoroacetylacetonate molecules (C7H7F6O2Au) with a 5-keV argon-ion beam. The QCMs provide an in situ measurement of the deposition rate as a function of ion dose, dose rate, gas pressure, and substrate temperature. The deposition yield, or mass deposited per incident ion, is shown to increase with increasing pressure and decreasing temperature. The yield is independent of the ion dose rate, which implies that the deposition process is not due to macroscopic heating. The deposition yield is shown to depend on the sputter yield of the substrate. The density of the deposited films was determined to be about 10 g/cm3, which is about half the density of bulk gold (19.3 g/cm3). The difference in density is due to carbon contamination in the deposited films.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.342612
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Ion cluster emission and deposition from liquid gold ion sources (1985)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 58 (1985), S. 2724-2730 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: The emission and deposition of molten gold droplets from needle-tip liquid metal ion sources was investigated. The Taylor cone was identified as the source of droplet emission. An upper limit of 8 μm for the virtual source size was measured. Gold films were deposited on silicon substrates. The deposited gold spots showed a peaked, axially symmetric, distribution with a half angle for droplet emission of ∼2° which was considerably smaller than the ion emission angle of ∼45°. Typical deposition fluxes were ∼5×105 μm3/s/sr with total deposition rates of ∼3×103 μm3/s and on an average droplet diameter of ∼1 μm at an emission current of 150 μA. Smaller diameter droplets are produced with decreasing emission current and angle. Gold films with a fine textured morphology suitable for submicron patterning were obtained at emission currents less than ∼135 μA.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.336300
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The role of gas adsorption in ion-beam-induced deposition of gold (1989)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 66 (1989), S. 870-874 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Gold films were deposited on quartz crystal microbalances (QCM) by decomposing C7H7F6O2Au [dimethyl gold hexafluoroacetylacetonate, or DMG(hfac)] with a 5-keV argon-ion beam. A model for ion-beam-induced deposition is presented which relates the net deposition yield to the gas adsorption, the decomposition cross section, and the sputtering yield. The deposition rate was measured in situ as a function of ion current, gas pressure, and substrate temperature using the QCM. The deposition yield (mass deposited per incident ion) increased with increasing gas pressure and decreasing substrate temperature. The QCM was also used to measure the adsorption of DMG(hfac). The results demonstrated that the variation in deposition yield with temperature and pressure was proportional to the number of DMG(hfac) molecules adsorbed per cm2. Based on the observed correlation between deposition yield and adsorption, a decomposition cross section for 5-keV argon ions of 2×10−13 cm2 was estimated.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.343512
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The role of the ion-solid interaction in ion-beam-induced deposition of gold (1991)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 70 (1991), S. 665-673 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Gold films were deposited on quartz-crystal microbalances by decomposing C7H7F6O2Au (dimethyl gold hexafluoroacetylacetonate) with 2–10-keV Xe+, Kr+, Ar+, Ne+, or He+ ion beams. The number of molecules decomposed per incident ion (i.e., the total decomposition yield) was determined as a function of ion mass and energy. The total decomposition yield increases with increasing ion mass and ion energy, and is approximately proportional to the nuclear stopping power. A binary collision model and a thermal spike model are developed that relate the energy deposited by the ion, at the substrate surface, to the total number of molecules decomposed. Both models predict total decomposition yields that are in reasonable agreement with the experimental measurements; however, the variation of total yield with changes in ion mass and energy are best described by the binary collision model. The success of both models demonstrates that the energy deposited into the substrate surface through the ion-solid interaction is responsible for the decomposition of adsorbed molecules.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.349671
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Theoretical studies of fine-structure effects and long-range forces: Potential-energy surfaces and reactivity of O(3P)+OH(2Π) (1990)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 92 (1990), S. 2423-2439 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik , Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: The role of fine structure in reactions without barriers in the potential-energy surface is examined in general, and calculations are carried out for the specific case of O+OH→H+O2. The long-range Hamiltonian, including electrostatic (dipole–quadrupole and quadrupole–quadrupole) and spin-oribt interactions, is expressed in the asymptotic (separated species) basis for the 18 doubly degenerate states correlating to ground-state reactants O(3P2,1,0)+OH(2Π3/2,1/2). Adiabatic potential-energy surfaces are determined by diagonalization of the long-range Hamiltonian. The adiabaticity of the reaction has been analyzed using general considerations about nonadiabatic processes and confirmed by direct integration of the coupled equations. The half collision through the coupling region is found to be predominantly adiabatic for the state correlating to reaction. Single-surface reaction cross sections and rate constants have been obtained using the adiabatic capture, infinite-order sudden approximation method. Our results indicate that the reaction is probably fast even at very low temperatures. The effect of reagent rotation on the reaction cross section is also discussed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.457986
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Properties of sputtered superconducting films of Bi2Sr2CaCu2Ox made by low-temperature in situ growth (1989)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 55 (1989), S. 2135-2137 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Quelle: AIP Digital Archive
    Thema: Physik
    Notizen: Superconducting films of Bi2Sr2CaCu2Ox have been fabricated on single-crystal MgO substrates by a low-temperature in situ process. Using a substrate temperature Ts≈645 °C, metallic films with a superconducting onset of 90–100 K and an extrapolated Tc0=56 K have been obtained. X-ray diffraction shows the films to be c-axis oriented. Electron microscopy reveals that the films are not significantly smoother than films which were post-annealed at 865 °C, and that some segregation into nonsuperconducting phases had occurred. The exact mechanism by which crystallization and superconductivity occurs at such low temperatures is not yet known, but it can be speculated that the surface atoms are less constrained and thus have a smaller energy barrier to overcome in forming a crystal structure.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.102347
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