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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nuclear diagnostics in support of inertial confinement fusion experiments (invited) : Proceedings of the eleventh topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 68 (1997), S. 521-526 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: As the yields of inertial confinement fusion (ICF) experiments increase to National Ignition Facility levels new diagnostic techniques for studying details of fusion burn behavior will become feasible. The new techniques will provide improved measurements of fusion burn temperature and history. Improved temperature measurements might be achieved with magnetic spectroscopy of fusion neutrons. High-bandwidth fusion reaction history will be measured with fusion-specific γ-ray diagnostics. Additional energy-resolved γ-ray diagnostics might be able to study a selection of specific behaviors during fusion burn. Present ICF yields greater that 1013 neutrons are sufficient to demonstrate the basic methods that underlie the new techniques. As ICF yields increase, the diagnostics designs can be adjusted accordingly in order to provide clear and specific data on fusion burn performance. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1147759
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantification of Aluminum Coordinations in Amorphous Aluminas by Combined Central and Satellite Transition Magic Angle Spinning NMR Spectroscopy (1995)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 99 (1995), S. 15138-15141 
    Details
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/j100041a033
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Erythyromycin as a prokinetic agent in children (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Anaesthesia 51 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.1996.tb07810.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Handbook of Cardiac Anesthesia and Perioperative Care. A Demythologized Approach (1998)
    Oxford : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Anaesthesia 53 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2044.1998.bkrvd-az0625d.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sewage Sludge Production, Treatment and Disposal in the European Union (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Water and environment journal 9 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1747-6593
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Sludge production and disposal are entering a period of dramatic change, driven mainly by EC legislation. The urban waste water treatment Directive will result in at least 50% more sludge being produced by the end of 2005 and, during the next decade, sludge disposal to all the established outlets could become increasingly difficult or, in the case of sea disposal, will become illegal. The challenge facing the members of the European Union is how to (a) maintain cost-effective and secure methods of sludge disposal and (b) engender public confidence in all disposal and recycling options. What is required is not so much innovative technology, although this may be essential, but more innovative attitudes and approaches to promotion and defending existing outlets.This paper describes the likely pattern of sludge production, treatment and disposal which will emerge during the implementation of recent EC directives and other national policies in Europe, and focuses on the areas and issues which require innovative approaches.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-6593.1995.tb00950.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optical heterodyne detection at a silver scanning tunneling microscope junction (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 85 (1999), S. 1311-1316 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The 435 MHz beat signal between two modes of a He–Ne laser (633 nm) has been detected in the current of a scanning tunneling microscope (STM), using a silver probe to enhance the sensitivity using its plasmon resonance. The difference frequency between this optical beat and a radio frequency voltage applied to the junction has also been detected in the STM current. The difference frequency and heterodyne signals, as well as the direct current (dc) probe expansion, fit a calculation of modulated and dc thermal expansion of the probe tip, once one assumes that a surprisingly large fraction of the laser beam is absorbed at a small structure at the probe end. The beat signal due to current rectification is not observed for the experimental conditions, but the potential for utilizing the plasmon resonance to obtain such a signal using a silver probe is evaluated for other, feasible conditions where it might provide exceptional sensitivity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.369332
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of air pollutants on proton and sucrose transport at the plasma membrane of Ricinus communis (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant, cell & environment 22 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3040
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The effects of the air pollutants O3, SO2 and NO2 on aspects of sucrose/proton cotransport across the plasma membrane of Ricinus communis plants have been investigated. The H+-ATPase hydrolytic activity in cotyledon plasma membrane vesicles purified by phase partitioning showed small stimulations by Na2SO3 or NaNO3 added separately or together to the assay medium. ATPase activity from plants pretreated by fumigation with SO2 or O3 also showed an increase, the effect of O3 being quite marked. Plasma membrane H+-pumping in KI-treated microsomal fractions and medium acidification by intact cotyledons both showed small decreases in the presence of Na2SO3 or NaNO2. Both Na2SO3 and NaNO2 at high concentrations (2 mol m–3) had significant effects on sucrose uptake by intact cotyledons, although sucrose efflux was unaffected. No significant effects on sucrose uptake or efflux by intact cotyledons were observed in plants pretreated by fumigation with SO2 or O3. Proton-coupled sucrose transport in isolated plasma membrane vesicles was inhibited in the presence of Na2SO3 or NaNO2. However, both pollutants also significantly inhibited the uptake of acetate by the vesicles, indicating a dissipation of the pH gradient across the membrane. It was concluded that no specific aspect of the sucrose/proton cotransport mechanism was damaged by these air pollutants, and that the effects of these pollutants on carbohydrate partitioning are more likely to be due to general effects on membrane integrity or on other aspects such as leaf carbohydrate metabolism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3040.1999.00402.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of elevated CO2 concentration and soil pH on the relationship between plant growth and rhizosphere denitrification potential (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Global change biology 4 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2486
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography
    Notes: The effect of CO2 concentration on plant growth and the size of the rhizosphere denitrifier population was investigated for ryegrass grown at 3 different soil pH values (pH 4.3, 5.9 and 7.0). Soil microcosms were planted with ryegrass and maintained under constant growth conditions at either ambient (450ppm) or elevated (720ppm) CO2 concentration. At harvest, the rhizosphere soil was collected and subjected to a potential denitrification assay to provide an estimate of the size of the denitrifier population present. Ryegrass dry matter production varied across the pH range studied and contrary to other studies, elevated CO2 concentration did not consistently increase growth. Plant growth was reduced by ≈ 35% and 23% at pH 4.3 and pH 5.9, respectively, under elevated CO2 concentration. At pH 7.0, however, plant growth was increased by ≈ 45% under elevated CO2. Potential denitrification rates within the rhizosphere followed a similar pattern to plant growth in the different treatments, suggesting that plant growth and the size of denitrifier population within the rhizosphere are coupled. This study investigates the relationship between plant growth and rhizosphere denitrification potential, thereby providing an estimate of the size of the denitrifier population under increased CO2 concentration and soil pH.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2486.1998.00124.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Forage yield and quality from intercropped barley, annual ryegrass and different annual legumes (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Grass and forage science 52 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Six annual legumes were evaluated as components of cereal-grass-legume intercrops in two experiments at two sites differing in elevation by 789 m. Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and Westerwolds rye-grass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) were seeded on all intercrop plots. Dry-matter (DM) yield, crude protein (CP) and organic matter digestibility (OMD) were measured. DM yield and N content were used to estimate legume N fixation. Experiment 1 was conducted at both sites. At the lower site, Persian clover (Trifolium resupinatum L.) and annual alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) accounted for 70% of the DM yield in harvest 1 (July), increased CP and OMD, but did not affect intercrop yield. They increased harvest 2 (August/September) intercrop yield by 263% and CP concentration by 65 g kg−1 DM. They increased harvest 3 (October) yield by 275% and CP concentration by 78 g kg−1 DM. Inclusion of striate lespedeza (Lespedeza striata) did not affect intercrop yield or quality. Annual legumes failed to establish at the higher elevation site and therefore had no effect on DM yield or forage quality. In Experiment 2, in which the performance of Westerwolds ryegrass was also compared with that of Italian ryegrass, and conducted at the lower site only, Persian clover and berseem clover (T. alexandrinum L.) increased CP of all three of the year's harvests. These two species contributed 29% of the DM yield in the first harvest (July) but did not affect total intercrop yield. They increased harvest 2 (August) yield by 313%. Persian clover increased harvest 3 (October) yield by 318% and berseem clover increased harvest 3 yield by 405%. Barrel medic (Medicago truncatula) and snail medic (M. scutellata) contributed 29% of harvest 1 yield, and increased both DM yield and CP content. Medics did not regrow. Aubade Westerwolds ryegrass contributed a greater percentage of the DM yield than did Maris Ledger Italian ryegrass at harvests 1 and 2. Ryegrass type did not affect total DM yield but did affect forage quality; intercrops containing the Italian ryegrass had higher CP at harvest 2 and higher OMD at harvest 3 than those containing the Westerwolds ryegrass. Over both experiments, at the lower elevation site, stands with Persian clover, berseem clover or alfalfa produced 80% of the yield of barley-ryegrass receiving 250 kg N ha−1, and 165% of the yield of unfertilized barley-ryegrass. Berseem and Persian clover fixed about the same amount of N over the growing season; 188 kg N ha−1 in Experiment 1 and 134 kg N ha−1 in Experiment 2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1997.tb02360.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Non-enzymatic conjugation of fenoxaprop-ethyl with glutathione and cysteine in several grass species (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Weed research 35 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3180
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Laboratory studies have shown that the amounts of glutathione (GSH) and cysteine are higher in grass species that are moderately tolerant, such as wheat (Triticum aestivum L., cv. Fredrick), and moderately susceptible, such as barley (Hor deum vitlgare L., cv. Legér) and triticale (cv. OAC Trillium), to fenoxaprop-ethyl (FE) than in species that are very susceptible to the her bicide, such as oat (Avena saliva L., cv. OAC Woodstock), wild oat (Avena fatua L.), yellow foxtail (Setaria glanca (L.) Bcauv.), large crab grass (Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop.) and bar nyard grass (Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) P.B.). The safener, fenchlorazole-ethyl (FCE) was found to increase and decrease, respectively, the amounts of GSH and cysteine in the moderately tolerant and moderately susceptible species but had no effect on the susceptible species. It is sug gested that in the moderately tolerant and moderately susceptible species, especially following FCE treatment, more GSH is available to detoxify the herbicide. Glutathione-S-tranferase activity (GST) for FE was found to be very low in all of the species tested. In vitro experiments at physio-logical pH. demonstrated that FE may conjugate with GSH nonenzymatically. Therefore, it is suggested that nonenzymatic conjugation of fenoxaprop-ethyl with glutathione may be an important mechanism for tolerance of some grasses to this herbicide.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3180.1995.tb02026.x
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