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Digitale Medien

Oral pharmacokinetics and ascitic fluid penetration of pefloxacin in cirrhosis (1987)

Cardey, J. ; Silvain, C. ; Bouquet, S. ; [weitere]

Springer

European journal of clinical pharmacology 33 (1987), S. 469-472

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ISSN: 1432-1041

Schlagwort(e): pefloxacin ; cirrhosis ; pharmacokinetics ; ascites

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin

Notizen: Summary Plasma and ascitic fluid concentrations of pefloxacin in 10 cirrhotic patients and 8 healthy volunteers were determined following administration of a single oral dose of 400 mg. The mean elimination half-life was significantly increased in the patients (29.0 h) compared to in 8 healthy volunteers (12.3 h). In patients, the total plasma clearance (2.71 vs 6.85 l/h) and volume of distribution (1.12 vs 1.67 l/kg) were decreased. Estimated by the ratio of the AUC in peritoneal fluid and plasma, ascitic fluid penetration was 68% after one oral dose, and pronounced accumulation of pefloxacin in ascites was found after repeated doses. Oral pefloxacin would seem to be a convenient and useful treatment of spontaneous, gram-negative, bacterial peritonitis in cirrhosis. However, the decreased hepatic metabolism of the drug leads to a marked accumulation in plasma and ascites after repeated doses, and a reduced dose is required in these patients.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00544237

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Digitale Medien

Oral pharmacokinetics and ascitic fluid penetration of ofloxacin in cirrhosis (1989)

Silvain, C. ; Bouquet, S. ; Breux, J. P. ; [weitere]

Springer

European journal of clinical pharmacology 37 (1989), S. 261-265

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ISSN: 1432-1041

Schlagwort(e): oflaxacin ; ascitic fluid ; cirrhosis ; drug penetration ; pharmacokinetics

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie , Medizin

Notizen: Summary Plasma and ascitic fluid concentrations of ofloxacin were determined in 12 cirrhotic patients after a single dose and repeated 200 mg oral doses. The single dose kinetics were compared to those obtained in 12 healthy volunteers. Mean plasma elimination half-life was 11.6 h in cirrhotics and 7.0 h in controls. Mean total clearance was 2.3 times lower in patients than in controls, due to a significant decrease of renal clearance of the drug, unrelated to creatinine clearance. Mean apparent volume of distribution was 1.2 l/kg in patients and 1.8 l/kg in controls. Estimated by the ratio of AUC in peritoneal fluid and plasma, ascitic fluid penetration was 80% after the first oral dose. Ascitic fluid concentrations equaled corresponding plasma concentrations after 10 h, without pronounced accumulation of ofloxacin in ascites. We may conclude that, in cirrhotic patients with normal serum creatinine, a significant impairment of renal tubular handling of ofloxacin could be observed and led to a delayed elimination half-life of the drug. Because of its broad sprectrum of activity, low side-effect profile, and large ascitic fluid penetration after oral administration, ofloxacin appears to be a new therapeutic approach of severe infections in cirrhotic patients, in particular spontaneous bacterial peritonitis.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00679781

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