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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Binary Corticosteroid Response: Transcriptional Regulation by Mineralo- and Glucocorticoid Receptors (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 746 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1994.tb39215.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of Glucocorticoid Binding Capacity in Human Mononuclear Lymphocytes: Increase by Metyrapone is Prevented by Dexamethasone Pretreatment (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neuroendocrinology 2 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2826
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Autoregulation of receptor systems by their own ligands is a well established biological phenomenon. While down-regulation of the glucocorticoid binding capacity by glucocorticoids has been shown in animals and humans, data on up-regulation processes in humans are lacking. To further explore glucocorticoid receptor plasticity in relation to endogenous ligands, glucocorticoid binding parameters were assessed in 15 healthy controls before and after oral administration of 1.5 g metyrapone with and without dexamethasone pretreatment. Administration of metyrapone resulted in blockade of the feedback of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system as shown by the rise in adrenocorticotropin levels, while pretreatment with 1 mg dexamethasone completely suppressed adrenocorticotropin concentrations. Glucocorticoid binding sites per lymphocyte exhibited an increase of 63% following metyrapone administration, which was prevented by dexamethasone pretreatment. Comparison of morning and afternoon glucocorticoid binding sites per cell in 11 healthy volunteers further revealed a diurnal rhythm of glucocorticoid receptor sites. These data suggest that human lymphocyte glucocorticoid receptors are under autoregulatory control.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2826.1990.tb00644.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sleep Endocrine Effects of Megestrol Acetate in Healthy Men (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neuroendocrinology 10 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2826
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Synthetic and naturally occurring steroids exert a variety of neural effects that include modulation of nocturnal sleep. The present study focuses on the effect of progesterone receptor (PR) activation on the nocturnal sleep electroencephalogram (EEG) in male volunteers. As a PR ligand, the synthetic progesterone megestrol was used, which has the advantage over progesterone in that it is not metabolized into other steroid compounds which could cloud the progesterone-mediated effects through their own neuroactive properties. Nine healthy male volunteers were investigated in a prospective single-blind randomized study design. They received either placebo tablets or megestrol acetate dosages of 160, 320 or 480 mg at 14.00 h and 19.00 h. Blood samples were drawn half-hourly from 22.00 h until 07.00 h. After 320 mg megestrol, plasma adrenocorticotropin secretion was lower and growth hormone secretion was higher than after 160 mg and 480 mg megestrol or placebo. Similarly, the reduction in the relative amount of rapid eye movement sleep was most pronounced after 320 mg. Thus, progesterone receptor activation, as reflected by the sleep EEG and associated pituitary hormone secretion, follows a nonlinear U-shape dose dependency of a well-defined PR ligand, which may explain the unresolved inconsistencies of neuroendocrine progesterone effects to date. Moreover, employing a CV1 cell line, contransfected with a human glucocorticoid receptor expression vector and a reporter gene-based detection system for transcriptional activity, revealed that a PR agonist such as megestrol may also activate glucocorticoid receptors. This may account for some of the neuroendocrine effects of megestrol and other progestins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2826.1998.00259.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymorphisms in FKBP5 are associated with increased recurrence of depressive episodes and rapid response to antidepressant treatment (2004)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature genetics 36 (2004), S. 1319-1325 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-1718
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] The stress hormone–regulating hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis has been implicated in the causality as well as the treatment of depression. To investigate a possible association between genes regulating the HPA axis and response to antidepressants and susceptibility for depression, ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/ng1479
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Granuloma eosinophilicum faciei – erfolgreiche kryochirurgische Behandlung bei sechs Patienten (1998)
    Springer
    Der Hautarzt 49 (1998), S. 477-481 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1173
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Granuloma eosinophilicum faciei ; Granuloma faciale ; Kryotherapie ; Kryochirurgie ; Key words Granuloma eosinophilicum faciei ; Granuloma faciale ; Cryotherapy ; Cryosurgery
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Six patients with granuloma faciale, including patients with multiple lesions, were treated successfully with cryosurgery. Granuloma faciale is known to be difficult to treat. Cryosurgery is an effective and minimally invasive therapy for this granulomatous inflammation of the skin. It should be considered as an alternative to dapsone.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Sechs Patienten mit Granuloma eosinophilicum faciei, darunter auch Patienten mit multiplen Läsionen, wurden mit Erfolg kryochirurgisch behandelt. Das Granuloma eosinophilicum faciei ist gegenüber vielen Behandlungsformen therapieresistent. Die Kryotherapie stellt eine wirksame und wenig belastende Behandlung für diese granulomatöse Entzündung dar. Sie sollte als Therapiealternative gegenüber einer systemischen Behandlung mit Dapson erwogen werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001050050773
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Assessment of neuroleptic-like properties of progesterone (1999)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 143 (1999), S. 29-38 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Key words Progesterone ; Neuroleptic ; Psychosis ; Neurosteroids ; Schizophrenia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract There is considerable evidence from epidemiological studies that the onset of psychiatric disorders may be related to changes in the secretion of gonadal hormones. For example, the postpartum period appears to be a vulnerable phase for the occurrence of psychiatric disturbances such as dysphoric mood and even severe psychotic disturbances. It has been suggested that a sudden drop in progesterone concentrations may contribute to the development of such disorders. Because the administration of this steroid might be of therapeutic value in psychiatric disturbances, we investigated the behavioral properties of progesterone in the rat to assess putative neuroleptic-like properties of this steroid. Progesterone administration dose-dependently increased the EEG activity during wakefulness in the 10- to 30-Hz frequency bands and decreased locomotor activity. While no anxiolytic activity could be detected in the plus maze, the highest dose of progesterone (90 mg/kg) exerted an inhibitory effect on the conditioned avoidance response. In contrast to haloperidol (0.5 mg/kg), progesterone neither produced catalepsy nor antagonized amphetamine-induced stereotypy. However, both progesterone (10, 30 and 90 mg/kg) and haloperidol (0.1 mg/kg) effectively restored the disruption of the prepulse inhibition (PPI) of the acoustic startle response (ASR) that was evoked by apomorphine (2 mg/kg). In contrast, allopregnanolone (10 mg/kg), one of the main metabolites of progesterone, did not significantly antagonize the effect of apomorphine on the PPI. This behavioral profile of progesterone is compatible with the sedative properties of its metabolite allopregnanolone via the GABAA receptor, but also with the possibility that progesterone itself shares some properties with atypical antipsychotics, which may be relevant for the development and treatment of psychotic disturbances.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002130050916
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Binding characteristics of the glucocorticoid receptor in peripheral blood lymphocytes in multiple sclerosis (1999)
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 246 (1999), S. 292-298 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Key words Multiple sclerosis ; Lymphocytes ; Glucocorticoid ; receptors ; Dexamethasone CRH test
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Although the exact etiology of multiple sclerosis (MS) remains unresolved, immune reactions are believed to be the central pathogenic mechanisms. Endogenous and therapeutic steroid hormones affect the immune system, and inflammatory diseases are associated with activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, providing evidence of an immune-endocrine interplay. Function tests in MS have revealed dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system in a substantial proportion of patients. We characterized glucocorticoid receptor (GR) binding in peripheral blood lymphocytes from 39 MS patients and 14 age- and sex-matched controls with respect to dissociation constant and binding capacity, using a whole-cell binding assay with [3H]dexamethasone as the ligand. GR binding parameters did not differ significantly between patients (K d 8.98 ± 1.07 nM, B max 183 ± 29.8 fmol/mg) and controls (K d 9.36 ± 1.17 nM, B max 158 ± 16 fmol/mg). No effect of age, sex, course, duration or severity of disease, or prior steroid treatments was detected. GR binding parameters were analyzed in relation to the results of the combined dexamethasone-CRH test, which reflects corticosteroid receptor function at the hypothalamus, in 30 patients and 9 controls. While controls showed a moderate correlation between binding affinity of the GR in lymphocytes and regulatory function at the hypothalamic level, the patients did not. These data suggest that the physiological relationship between binding and function of the glucocorticoid receptor is disturbed in MS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004150050349
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cutis marmorata teleangiectatica congenita Wichtige Aspekte für die dermatologische Praxis (1997)
    Springer
    Der Hautarzt 48 (1997), S. 21-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1173
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Cutis marmorata teleangiectatica congenita ; van Lohuizen-Syndrom ; Angeborene Fehlbildungen ; Key words Cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita ; van Lohuizen syndrome ; Congenital anomalies
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita (van Lohuizen) is a rare skin disease in newborn or very young children. From the dermatological point of view, therapy is either not necessary or uncomplicated. However, the dermatologist and/or the pediatrician need to search for possibly associated anomalies. Clinical characteristics of 15 patients examined in the Fachklinik Hornheide within the last 11 years are presented. By giving a survey of the anomalies associated with cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita, we demonstrate the need of neuropediatric, ophthalmologic and orthopedic examinations in addition the pedriatic and dermatologic examinations.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Cutis marmorata teleangiectatica congenita (van Lohuizen) ist eine seltene Hautkrankheit bei Neugeborenen oder Säuglingen. Aus rein dermatologischer Sicht ist eine Therapie meist nicht notwendig oder unkompliziert. Dem Hautarzt kommt aber zusammen mit dem Pädiater die zusätzliche Aufgabe zu, die Abklärung möglicher assoziierter Fehlbildungen zu veranlassen. Klinische Charakteristika von 15 in den letzten 11 Jahren in der Fachklinik Hornheide untersuchten Patienten werden beschrieben und anhand einer Übersicht der fakultativ mit der Cutis marmorata teleangiectatica congenita assoziierten Fehlbildungen die Notwendigkeit dargestellt, bei jedem Patienten neben kinderärztlichen und dermatologischen auch spezielle kinderneurologische, augenärztliche und orthopädische Untersuchungen vorzunehmen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001050050541
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In vivo and in vitro effects of glucocorticoids on lymphocyte proliferation in depression (1991)
    Springer
    European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience 241 (1991), S. 35-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: Leucocyte proliferation ; Glucocorticoids ; Depression ; Immunity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Twelve severely depressed patients and 13 healthy controls were studied under baseline, metyrapone and metyrapone plus dexamethasone pretreated conditions. Lymphocyte proliferation data were obatained by concanavalin A, phytohaemagglutinin and pokeweed mitogen (PWM) stimulation. There was a decrease in PWM-induced B-cell proliferatin and an increase in inhibition of spontaneous leucocyte proliferation by dexamethasone added in vitro following metyrapone administration in vivo, in healthy controls, which was not present in the depressed patients. These data support the concept of a decreased functional plasticity of the glucocorticoid receptor in depression also at the cellular level.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02193752
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The GABAA receptor antagonist picrotoxin attenuates most sleep changes induced by progesterone (1999)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 141 (1999), S. 213-219 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Key words Neurosteroids ; GABAA receptor ; Sleep ; EEG spectral analysis ; Rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Progesterone has been shown to exert benzodiazepine-like effects on sleep, which suggests that they are mediated by an agonistic modulation of GABAA receptor functioning. To assess the involvement of GABAA receptors, we investigated the sleep responses to one dose of the GABAA antagonist picrotoxin (1.5 mg/kg) and progesterone (90 mg/kg), administered IP to eight rats alone and in combination, during the first 4 post-injection hours. Compared with vehicle, picrotoxin significantly delayed the latency to non-rapid eye movement sleep (non-REMS) and thereby decreased all sleep states, but barely affected the EEG activity within non-REMS. Progesterone significantly shortened non-REMS latency, increased pre-REMS, depressed low-frequency EEG activity (≤8 Hz) and augmented EEG activity in the higher frequencies within non-REMS. Except for the changes in high-frequency EEG activity, picrotoxin attenuated all effects of progesterone. These findings support the notion that GABAA receptors play an important role in the sleep effects of progesterone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002130050827
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