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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Key words Multiple sclerosis ; Lymphocytes ; Glucocorticoid ; receptors ; Dexamethasone CRH test
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Although the exact etiology of multiple sclerosis (MS) remains unresolved, immune reactions are believed to be the central pathogenic mechanisms. Endogenous and therapeutic steroid hormones affect the immune system, and inflammatory diseases are associated with activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, providing evidence of an immune-endocrine interplay. Function tests in MS have revealed dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system in a substantial proportion of patients. We characterized glucocorticoid receptor (GR) binding in peripheral blood lymphocytes from 39 MS patients and 14 age- and sex-matched controls with respect to dissociation constant and binding capacity, using a whole-cell binding assay with [3H]dexamethasone as the ligand. GR binding parameters did not differ significantly between patients (K d 8.98 ± 1.07 nM, B max 183 ± 29.8 fmol/mg) and controls (K d 9.36 ± 1.17 nM, B max 158 ± 16 fmol/mg). No effect of age, sex, course, duration or severity of disease, or prior steroid treatments was detected. GR binding parameters were analyzed in relation to the results of the combined dexamethasone-CRH test, which reflects corticosteroid receptor function at the hypothalamus, in 30 patients and 9 controls. While controls showed a moderate correlation between binding affinity of the GR in lymphocytes and regulatory function at the hypothalamic level, the patients did not. These data suggest that the physiological relationship between binding and function of the glucocorticoid receptor is disturbed in MS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Hautarzt 48 (1997), S. 21-25 
    ISSN: 1432-1173
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Cutis marmorata teleangiectatica congenita ; van Lohuizen-Syndrom ; Angeborene Fehlbildungen ; Key words Cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita ; van Lohuizen syndrome ; Congenital anomalies
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita (van Lohuizen) is a rare skin disease in newborn or very young children. From the dermatological point of view, therapy is either not necessary or uncomplicated. However, the dermatologist and/or the pediatrician need to search for possibly associated anomalies. Clinical characteristics of 15 patients examined in the Fachklinik Hornheide within the last 11 years are presented. By giving a survey of the anomalies associated with cutis marmorata telangiectatica congenita, we demonstrate the need of neuropediatric, ophthalmologic and orthopedic examinations in addition the pedriatic and dermatologic examinations.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die Cutis marmorata teleangiectatica congenita (van Lohuizen) ist eine seltene Hautkrankheit bei Neugeborenen oder Säuglingen. Aus rein dermatologischer Sicht ist eine Therapie meist nicht notwendig oder unkompliziert. Dem Hautarzt kommt aber zusammen mit dem Pädiater die zusätzliche Aufgabe zu, die Abklärung möglicher assoziierter Fehlbildungen zu veranlassen. Klinische Charakteristika von 15 in den letzten 11 Jahren in der Fachklinik Hornheide untersuchten Patienten werden beschrieben und anhand einer Übersicht der fakultativ mit der Cutis marmorata teleangiectatica congenita assoziierten Fehlbildungen die Notwendigkeit dargestellt, bei jedem Patienten neben kinderärztlichen und dermatologischen auch spezielle kinderneurologische, augenärztliche und orthopädische Untersuchungen vorzunehmen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1365-2826
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Autoregulation of receptor systems by their own ligands is a well established biological phenomenon. While down-regulation of the glucocorticoid binding capacity by glucocorticoids has been shown in animals and humans, data on up-regulation processes in humans are lacking. To further explore glucocorticoid receptor plasticity in relation to endogenous ligands, glucocorticoid binding parameters were assessed in 15 healthy controls before and after oral administration of 1.5 g metyrapone with and without dexamethasone pretreatment. Administration of metyrapone resulted in blockade of the feedback of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system as shown by the rise in adrenocorticotropin levels, while pretreatment with 1 mg dexamethasone completely suppressed adrenocorticotropin concentrations. Glucocorticoid binding sites per lymphocyte exhibited an increase of 63% following metyrapone administration, which was prevented by dexamethasone pretreatment. Comparison of morning and afternoon glucocorticoid binding sites per cell in 11 healthy volunteers further revealed a diurnal rhythm of glucocorticoid receptor sites. These data suggest that human lymphocyte glucocorticoid receptors are under autoregulatory control.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neuroendocrinology 10 (1998), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2826
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Synthetic and naturally occurring steroids exert a variety of neural effects that include modulation of nocturnal sleep. The present study focuses on the effect of progesterone receptor (PR) activation on the nocturnal sleep electroencephalogram (EEG) in male volunteers. As a PR ligand, the synthetic progesterone megestrol was used, which has the advantage over progesterone in that it is not metabolized into other steroid compounds which could cloud the progesterone-mediated effects through their own neuroactive properties. Nine healthy male volunteers were investigated in a prospective single-blind randomized study design. They received either placebo tablets or megestrol acetate dosages of 160, 320 or 480 mg at 14.00 h and 19.00 h. Blood samples were drawn half-hourly from 22.00 h until 07.00 h. After 320 mg megestrol, plasma adrenocorticotropin secretion was lower and growth hormone secretion was higher than after 160 mg and 480 mg megestrol or placebo. Similarly, the reduction in the relative amount of rapid eye movement sleep was most pronounced after 320 mg. Thus, progesterone receptor activation, as reflected by the sleep EEG and associated pituitary hormone secretion, follows a nonlinear U-shape dose dependency of a well-defined PR ligand, which may explain the unresolved inconsistencies of neuroendocrine progesterone effects to date. Moreover, employing a CV1 cell line, contransfected with a human glucocorticoid receptor expression vector and a reporter gene-based detection system for transcriptional activity, revealed that a PR agonist such as megestrol may also activate glucocorticoid receptors. This may account for some of the neuroendocrine effects of megestrol and other progestins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 746 (1994), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 59 (1968), S. 38-71 
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung 1. Bei den trommelnden Perliden trommeln nicht nur die Männchen, sondern auch die Weibchen. 2. Das Trommeln der Männchen dient der Erkennung und Auffindung der Weibchen, die nur im unbegatteten Zustand das Trommeln erwidern. 3. Das Männchen trommelt immer zuerst, das Weibchen antwortet sofort danach. Bei Capnia, Perla und Dinocras sucht nur das Männchen, das Weibchen bleibt auf seinem Platz sitzen, während bei Isoperla sich beide Geschlechter gegenseitig suchen und beim Zusammentreffen trommeln. 4. Nach der ersten Kopulation trommeln die Weibchen nicht mehr und beginnen mit dem Legen von Eiern, die sie sonst über Tage und Wochen zurückhalten. 5. Werden die begatteten Weibehen zufällig von einem Männehen wiedergefunden, so können sie weitere Kopulationen durch eine charakteristische Verweigerungsstellung verhindern (Abb. 5). 6. Die Trommelstöße werden durch Auf- und Abschwingen des Abdomens hervorgebracht. 7. Die Übertragung der durch Trommelstöße ausgelösten Vibrationen erfolgt ausschließlich durch den Untergrund, nicht durch Schall. 8. Jede der untersuchten Perlidenarten trommelt mit einer für sie charakteristischen Frequenz und Dauer. 9. Die Spezifität und Variabilität der Trommelsignale sowie deren Vortragsweisen wurden durch künstlich erzeugte und variierte Trommelstöße überprüft und bestätigt. 10. Von den als Rezeptor möglichen Sinnesorganen wurde durch Ausschaltungsund lokale Reizungsversuche das Subgenualorgan als perzipierendes Sinnesorgan nachgewiesen. 11. Die Männchen von Capnia bifrons orientieren sich bei der Suche der Weibchen nach steigenden Intensitäten der Trommelstöße, die Männchen von Perla marginata, die meist an Stengeln sitzen, durch die Unterscheidung von vorne und hinten, sowie von rechts und links bei Blattabzweigungen. 12. Für die Berechnung der Ausbreitungsgeschwindigkeit von Erschütterungen auf Pflanzen wird der Elastizitäts- und Torsionsmodul von Phalaris arundinacea L. bestimmt.
    Notes: Summary 1. Not only the males of the drumming stoneflies drum, but also the females. 2. The drumming of the males serves for recognizing and finding the females, which answer this drumming only in an uncoupled state. 3. The male drums first, afterwards the female answers at once. With Capnia, Perla and Dinocras only the males are in search for the females, which remain sitting on their places, whereas with Isoperla both (male and female) look for each other and drum when they meet each other. 4. After the first coupling the females do not drum any longer and they begin laying eggs, which they otherwise keep for days and weeks. 5. If the coupled females by chance are found again by a male, they may prevent further couplings by an attitude which is typical of the refusal (Fig. 5). 6. The knocks caused by drumming are produced by the up and down swinging of the abdomen. 7. The transference of the vibrations caused by the drumming exclusively takes place by the vibration of base, not by any sounds. 8. Each investigated species of the stoneflies drums with a frequency and duration only characteristic of this one species. 9. The specification and variability of the drum signals, as well as the way they drum were controlled and confirmed by drumming knocks which were artificially produced and varied. 10. The subgenual organ — one of the possible sense-organs for the reception — was proved to be the perceiving sense-organ by experiments which eleminated or stimulated certain parts of the body. 11. The males of Capnia bifrons find their way to the females by observing the increasing intensity of the drum knocks, the males of Perla marginata — which usually sit on stems — find their way by the devision of before and behind as well as by right and left hand side (of seperation of leaves). 12. For the calculation of the speed of the expansion of the vibration on plants there is destined the modulus of elasticity and torsion of Phalaris arundinacea L. (Gramineae).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-1173
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Granuloma eosinophilicum faciei ; Granuloma faciale ; Kryotherapie ; Kryochirurgie ; Key words Granuloma eosinophilicum faciei ; Granuloma faciale ; Cryotherapy ; Cryosurgery
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Six patients with granuloma faciale, including patients with multiple lesions, were treated successfully with cryosurgery. Granuloma faciale is known to be difficult to treat. Cryosurgery is an effective and minimally invasive therapy for this granulomatous inflammation of the skin. It should be considered as an alternative to dapsone.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Sechs Patienten mit Granuloma eosinophilicum faciei, darunter auch Patienten mit multiplen Läsionen, wurden mit Erfolg kryochirurgisch behandelt. Das Granuloma eosinophilicum faciei ist gegenüber vielen Behandlungsformen therapieresistent. Die Kryotherapie stellt eine wirksame und wenig belastende Behandlung für diese granulomatöse Entzündung dar. Sie sollte als Therapiealternative gegenüber einer systemischen Behandlung mit Dapson erwogen werden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1546-1718
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] The stress hormone–regulating hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis has been implicated in the causality as well as the treatment of depression. To investigate a possible association between genes regulating the HPA axis and response to antidepressants and susceptibility for depression, ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1433-8491
    Keywords: Leucocyte proliferation ; Glucocorticoids ; Depression ; Immunity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Twelve severely depressed patients and 13 healthy controls were studied under baseline, metyrapone and metyrapone plus dexamethasone pretreated conditions. Lymphocyte proliferation data were obatained by concanavalin A, phytohaemagglutinin and pokeweed mitogen (PWM) stimulation. There was a decrease in PWM-induced B-cell proliferatin and an increase in inhibition of spontaneous leucocyte proliferation by dexamethasone added in vitro following metyrapone administration in vivo, in healthy controls, which was not present in the depressed patients. These data support the concept of a decreased functional plasticity of the glucocorticoid receptor in depression also at the cellular level.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Zoomorphology 73 (1972), S. 325-342 
    ISSN: 1432-234X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung 1. Die Bauchblase von Nemurella ist eine mediane Ausbuchtung des 9. Abdominalsternums. Sie kommt nur bei den ♂♂ vor. 2. Ventral und lateral sitzen nach den elektronenmikroskopischen Untersuchungen mechanorezeptorische Sinneshaare. 3. Zu jedem Haar gehören eine bipolare Sinneszelle und jeweils drei Hüllzellen. Unterhalb der Basis des Tubularkörpers ragt eine Verstärkungsrippe der cuticularen Scheide nach innen. Diese dürfte dazu dienen, bei Reizung ein Ausweichen des Tubularkorpers nach unten zu verhindern. 4. Die Morphologie der Haare und ihre einheitliche Anordnung auf der Ventralseite in Längsrichtung der Bauchblase stimmen überein mit der Beobachtung, daß die Bauchblase zum Trommeln verwendet wird. 5. Das Trommeln eines Vertreters der Familie Nemouridae wird erstmals beschrieben: die ♂♂ klopfen mit kurzen Schlagfolgen, deren Frequenz von 10–50 Hz ansteigt; die ♀♀ antworten mit Signalen, deren Frequenz von 20 auf 47 Hz erhöht wird. 6. Für die Funktion der Bauchblase werden zwei Möglichkeiten angenommen: sie dient der Überprüfung des Untergrundes auf dessen Leitfähigkeit des Signals und/oder der Schlagzentrierung der Bewegung für eine genaue Frequenzeinhaltung auf unebenem Untergrund.
    Notes: Summary 1. The vesicle of Nemurella is a protrusion on the ventral side of the 9th abdominal segment. It is found only in males. 2. Fine-structure investigation shows mechanoreceptive hairs on the ventral and the lateral sides of the vesicle. 3. At the base of each hair is a bipolar sensory cell and three enveloping cells. Below the basis of the tubular body a supporting rib of the cuticular sheath protrudes inwards. This rib might serve to prevent a downward movement of the tubular body on stimulation. 4. The morphology of the hair and their uniform arrangement on the ventral side of the vesicle in longitudinal direction are in keeping with the observation that the vesicle is used for drumming. 5. The drumming of a representative of the Nemouridae family is described here for the first time: the males knock at short impulse-rates whose frequency gradually increases from 10 to 50 cycle/sec; the females answer with signals whose frequency rises from 20 to 47 cycle/sec. 6. There are two theories on to the function of the vesicle: a) it helps to explore or to check the signal-conductibility of the ground and/or b) it helps to centre the knocking movement and facilitates maintenance of an exact frequency of the signal on uneven ground.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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