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Digitale Medien

Mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1: Influence of parity and mode of delivery (1995)

Kind, Christian ; Nadal, D. ; Wyler, C. -A. ; [weitere]

Springer

European journal of pediatrics 154 (1995), S. 542-545

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ISSN: 1432-1076

Schlagwort(e): HIV infections ; Infant newborn ; Pregnancy ; Parity ; Caesarean section

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Medizin

Notizen: Abstract Abstract In a national prospective study of risk factors for mother-tochild transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), 316 children of HIV-positive mothers were followed up for at least 6 months. Infection status was determined in 254 of them and 46 were found to be infected giving a transmission rate of 18.1%. Univariate analysis of potential risk factors for mother-to-child transmission showed an association between primiparity and increased transmission rate: odds ratio 2.2, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1–4.6,P〈0.05. Analysis by logistic regression confirmed this association (adjusted odds ratio 2.4) and showed, in addition, a negative association between transmission rate and elective Caesarean section (adjusted odds ratio 0.36, 95% CI 0.13–0.97,P〈0.05). The effect of primiparity was less pronounced in combination with elective Caesarean section (odds ratio 1.7) than with other delivery modes (odds ratio 2.5, difference not significant. HIV-infected children were less likely to experience the birth of a younger sibling during the observation period than their uninfected counterparts (2 of 46 vs 27 of 208,P〈0.05 by logrank test). Conclusions Primiparous women appear to transmit HIV to their children at a higher rate. This could be explained by increased intrapartum transmission because of longer and more complicated labour in primiparas and/or by a self-selection of women with lower risk of transmission among those deciding to have additional children.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02074831

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Digitale Medien

Stable human immunodeficiency virus encephalopathy in two infants receiving early intravenous gammaglobulin plus antimicrobial prophylaxis (1989)

Hunziker, U. A. ; Nadal, D. ; Jendis, J. B. ; [weitere]

Springer

European journal of pediatrics 148 (1989), S. 417-422

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ISSN: 1432-1076

Schlagwort(e): HIV ; Encephalopathy ; Infant ; IVGG ; Followup

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Medizin

Notizen: Abstract Two infants with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, encephalopathy, intrathecal anti-HIV IgG antibody production and (in one case) the presence of HIV antigen received monthly doses of intravenous gammaglobulin (IVGG) and daily antimicrobial prophylaxis starting at the ages of 6 and 9 months respectively. The follow-up over 15 and 12 months revealed a favourable course with remarkable improvement in visuo-spatial functions, receptive language, play behaviour and fine motor skills, as well as in muscle tone, pyramidal tract signs and vigilance in case 1, and near normalization in case 2. Viability of HIV in peripheral blood mononuclear cells, antigen in serum and cellular immunodeficiency, however, all remained unchanged. We suggest that neurological complications of encephalopathy in paediatric acquired immunodeficiency syndrome may have a slower progression when IVGG treatment plus antimicrobial prophylaxis is started early.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00595901

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