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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Silicon epitaxy by hot wall plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (1990)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 68 (1990), S. 6424-6427 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Hot wall plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition is examined for epitaxial silicon growth for advanced devices. The reactor has a load lock and can provide an in situ plasma clean of the wafers before deposition. At 800 °C, layers of good quality are obtainable at growth rates of 1.4 μm/h. Defect densities for the layers are low. Concentrations of carbon and oxygen at the epilayer-substrate interface are comparable to those for more elaborate cleaning processes. Although the wafers are directly exposed to the plasma during the cleaning and the deposition, no additional defects caused by the plasma were detected.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.346864
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stimulation of Melatonin Synthesis in Ovine Pineals In Vitro (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 50 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Static and superfused pineal slices (750 μm) have been used to study the control of melatonin synthesis by ovine pineals. Static incubates show a time-dependent accumulation of melatonin in the medium; this is significantly increased by stimulation with norepinephrine (NE) (10−5M), reaching 300% above control levels after 4 h. Perifused pineal slices show a rapid rise in melatonin release within 12–18 min in response to NE stimulation. This reaches a 3.5–4.5-fold increase in melatonin released within 30 min. Withdrawal of NE is associated with a rapid return to prestimulated levels within 12–18 min. These time-course characteristics compare favorably to those changes seen in vivo. The formation of [14C]melatonin from [14C]-tryptophan shows a linear increase with time. In the presence of NE (10−5M), the rate of synthesis is increased, albeit after an initial time lag of at least 30 min. The latter may reflect an N-acetyltransferase-independent mechanism of synthesis and release. In static incubations, propranolol (10−5M) inhibited NE-induced melatonin production by about 60%. but prazosin (10−5M) had no effect. As dibutyryl cyclic AMP (10−3M) stimulated melatonin production, it is concluded that β-receptors are of primary importance to the control of melatonin production, as in the rat. The role of α1-receptors is less clear, but the stimulatory action of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate on melatonin release implicates a receptor linked to phosphatidylinositol turnover.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1988.tb13232.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photoconductive Hg1−xCdxTe detectors grown by low-temperature metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (1988)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 53 (1988), S. 1629-1631 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have fabricated high-sensitivity Hg1−xCdxTe detectors from low-temperature metalorganic vapor deposition samples. Responsivities of R=2000 V/W and detectivities of D*=2×1010 cm Hz1/2/W have been achieved.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.99933
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposited HgTe-CdTe epitaxial superlattices (1989)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 54 (1989), S. 1329-1331 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: For the first time, small-period epitaxial superlattices were grown using plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition. The superlattices were periods of HgTe-CdTe grown on CdTe substrates at 150 °C using dimethylcadmium, dimethylmercury, and dimethyltelluride. Cross-section transmission electron microscopy shows that layers as thin as 80 A(ring) were obtained.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.100706
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition of epitaxial mercury telluride (1987)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 51 (1987), S. 1738-1740 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Epitaxial layers of mercury telluride were deposited onto cadmium telluride substrates at 85 °C using a glow discharge to enhance the reaction between dimethylmercury and dimethyltelluride. Hall-effect measurements showed the material to be n type with room-temperature and 77 K carrier concentrations of 5.0×1017 and 1.0×1017 cm−3, respectively: room-temperature Hall mobility was 22 000 cm2/V s and 77 K mobility was 52 000 cm2/V s.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.98508
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Device quality Hg1−xCdxTe material by low-temperature precracking metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (1989)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 54 (1989), S. 2021-2022 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report properties of device quality Hg1−xCdxTe grown by a precracking metalorganic chemical vapor deposition technique. The refinement of the low-temperature growth process and a higher purity metalorganic mercury source enable us to obtain material which has a carrier concentration of 2×1015 cm−3 and mobility as high as 330 000 cm2/V s. Infrared transmission spectra and the photoluminescence measurements obtained from this material will be presented. With further development in the synthetic route of the metalorganic mercury source, further improvement in the purity of the Hg1−xCdxTe is possible.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.101179
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Multilayers of HgTe-CdTe grown by low-temperature metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (1987)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 62 (1987), S. 295-297 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: This paper describes the growth of multilayers of HgTe-CdTe on cadmium telluride substrates using metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. These structures were grown using a novel precracking technique that allows growth of the multilayers at low temperatures from the source gases dimethylmercury, dimethylcadmium, and diethyltelluride. Cross sections of several samples were examined using scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy; these samples were found to have sharp interfaces. The structures for this study are the most sophisticated multilayers of HgTe-CdTe ever grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.339144
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Melatonin Receptors are Present in Non-Optic Regions of the Brain of a Deep-Sea Fish Living in the Absence of Solar Light (1996)
    Oxford : Blackwell Science Ltd.
    Journal of neuroendocrinology 8 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2826
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Pineal melatonin hormonally transduces photoperiod to influence daily and seasonal cycles in most vertebrates (1, 2). Evidence of melatonin receptors throughout the brain of several fish species (3–5), particularly in retinorecipient structures, also indicates a role in visual processing. Despite the absence of solar light many deep-sea organisms show seasonality (6–8). The presence of central melatonin receptors was investigated by quantitative in vitro autoradiography in the deep-sea fish Coryphaenoides (Nematonurus) armatus. Specific, time-dependent, saturable, high affinity and guanine nucleotide sensitive, 2-[125I]iodomelatonin binding was found over the mid-brain tegmentum and hindbrain. Competing ligand potency was iodomelatonin 〉 melatonin 5-HT. Although C.(N.) armatus has well developed eyes no 2-[125I]iodomelatonin binding occurred in optic tectum, cerebellum or hypothalamus. Thus melatonin involvement in processing of visual information and control of seasonal physiology via hypothalamic areas appears to be absent in this species. The presence of central G-protein coupled receptors indicates a function for melatonin unrelated to solar light.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2826.1996.tb00702.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Human MT1 Melatonin Receptor Stimulates cAMP Production in the Human Neuroblastoma Cell Line SH-SY5Y Cells Via a Calcium-Calmodulin Signal Transduction Pathway (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neuroendocrinology 17 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2826
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Melatonin regulates circadian and seasonal physiology via melatonin receptors expressed in the brain. However, little is known about the signal transduction mechanisms that mediate the action of melatonin in neuronal cells. To begin to address this issue, we expressed the human MT1 receptor in the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line. In this cell line, melatonin acutely stimulated cAMP synthesis through a calcium-calmodulin dependent pathway. This stimulatory effect was independent of an interaction with Gi or Gs G proteins and dependent upon internal calcium stores. Melatonin also potentiated forskolin-activated cAMP synthesis. Differentiation of the neuroblastoma cells with retinoic acid to the neuronal phenotype did not alter the ability of melatonin to acutely stimulate cAMP. These data may be relevant to the neuronal action of melatonin and highlight the importance of the cellular context of expression of melatonin and other G protein-coupled receptors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2826.2005.01288.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Occlusion of the Melatonin-Free Interval Blocks the Short Day Gonadal Response of the Male Syrian Hamster to Programmed Melatonin Infusions of Necessary Duration and Amplitude (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neuroendocrinology 3 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2826
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Photoperiodic control of the neuroendocrine axis is mediated by changes in the duration of the nocturnal melatonin signal. This study tested the hypothesis that reading of the signal depends upon the presence of a period free of melatonin between successive signals. Adult male Syrian hamsters were pinealectomized and received chronic subcutaneous infusions of melatonin or saline for 6 weeks. Animals which received saline had large testes. Those which received a single daily infusion which lasted for 10 h (50 ng/h) followed by 14 h without infusion underwent gonadal atrophy. Other animals received a compound melatonin signal in which the melatonin-free interval was occluded by a continuous infusion (25 ng/h). Superimposed upon this was a 10 h phasic increase in infusion rate such that the maximum rate of infusion was equivalent to that observed in controls (25 ng/h increase, 50 ng/h peak rate), or the increase in rate over the baseline was the same as in controls (50 ng/h increase, 75 ng/h peak rate). In neither group did the animals undergo gonadal regression. Analysis of iodomelatonin binding sites by in vitro autoradiography failed to reveal any systematic difference between animals which did and did not respond to melatonin and so the absence of a response could not be attributed to loss of receptors. These data demonstrate that the photoperiodic system cannot identify the melatonin signal solely upon the features of nocturnal peak height or amplitude of the peak over baseline. They are consistent with the hypothesis that the melatonin-free interval plays a significant role in photoperiodic time measurement.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2826.1991.tb00283.x
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