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  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Herbizide ; Paraquat ; Vergiftung ; Hämoperfusion ; Herbicides ; Paraquat ; Intoxication ; Hemoperfusion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary “Continuous hemoperfusion” (8 h/day for 2–3 weeks) was performed in two patients suffering from severe paraquat intoxication. On account of paraquat plasma concentrations a fatal outcome due to pulmonary fibrosis would have been expected in both cases. However, both patients survived following “continuous hemoperfusion” therapy. Coated activated charcoal seems to have a higher affinity for paraquat than lung tissue.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung „Kontinuierliche Hämoperfusion“ (ca. 8 h täglich während 2–3 Wochen) wurde wegen Paraquatvergiftung an zwei Patienten durchgeführt, bei denen aufgrund der Höhe der Paraquat-Plasma-Spiegel mit der Entwicklung einer letalen Lungenfibrose gerechnet werden mußte. Beide Patienten konnten durch diese Maßnahme der „Kontinuierlichen Hämoperfusion“ gerettet werden. Beschichtete Aktivkohle scheint eine größere Affinität für Paraquat zu haben als die Lungen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 56 (1978), S. 1179-1183 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Digoxin ; Digitoxin ; Intoxikation ; Hämoperfusion mit beschichteter Aktivkohle ; Hämodialyse ; Entgiftung ; Digoxin ; digitoxin ; intoxication ; activated charcoal ; hemoperfusion ; hemodialysis ; detoxification
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Since there is no widely used causal means of reducing the severity of massive digitalis intoxication the capability of hemoperfusion with coated activated charcoal to remove toxicologically relevant amounts of digoxin and digitoxin was evaluated in vitro and in man. At a blood flow rate of 100 ml/min the digoxin clearance by hemoperfusion in vitro was 51±8 ml/min in comparison to 24.3±11.3 ml/min by hemodialysis. The average hemoperfusion clearance of digitoxin was 31.7±13.4 ml/min, whereas almost no digitoxin was removed by hemodialysis. These clearance values point to the ability of hemoperfusion of eliminating digitalis glycosides from the blood. They do not clarify the essential question whether it is possible to lower the toxic concentrations in the tissues. In two patients being on hemoperfusion for other reasons, 0.5 mg digoxin were injected intravenously as a bolus 1 h prior to the beginning of hemoperfusion and 0.125 mg/h were infused continuously over 4h simultaneously with hemoperfusion. By an average digoxin clearance of 77 ml/min, only 5 and 4.5% of the dose given were removed by this procedure. In 2 patients receiving digitoxin under the same trial conditions an average of 24% of the digitoxin load were eliminated by 4 to 6 h hemoperfusion period although the clearance values obtained were below the clearance for digoxin. The lack of effectiveness in eliminating toxicological relevant amounts of digoxin is due to the quite high distribution volume which results in high tissue concentrations and low blood concentrations of the drug. On the other hand the effective removal of digitoxin is due to the appreciably smaller distribution volume and suggests that hemoperfusion may be a valuable method of rapid reversal of advanced digitoxin toxicity in man.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Bisher gibt es keine allgemein anwendbare kausale Therapie lebensbedrohlicher Digitalis-Intoxikationen. Daher wurde in vitro und in vivo beim Menschen untersucht, ob die Hämoperfusion mit beschichteter Aktivkohle toxikologisch relevante Mengen von Herzglykosiden zu eliminieren vermag. Bei einer Blutumlaufgeschwindigkeit von 100 ml/min betrug in vitro die Digoxin-Clearance durch Hämoperfusion 51±8 ml/min, im Vergleich zu 24,3±11,3 ml/min durch die Hämodialyse. Für Digitoxin fand sich eine Clearance von 31,7±13,4 ml/min durch Hämoperfusion, während bei Hämodialyse kein meßbarer Anteil des Glykosids eliminiert wurde. Diese Clearence-Werte lassen erwarten, daß die Herzglykoside durch die Hämoperfusion aus dem Blut eliminiert werden, ohne daß allerdings durch die in vitro-Untersuchung eine Aussage möglich ist, ob toxische Glykosidkonzentrationen im Gewebe hierdurch gesenkt werden können. Bei 2 Patienten, bei denen aus anderen Gründen eine Hämoperfusion durchgeführt wurde, wurde Digoxin nach einer Bolusinjektion von 0,5 mg mit einer konstanten Geschwindigkeit von 0,125 ml/h infundiert und der Effekt der Hämoperfusion ermittelt. Bei einer mittleren Digoxin-Clearance von 77 ml/min wurden durch eine 4- bzw. 6-stündige Hämoperfusion nur 5% und 4,5% der applizierten Dosis eliminiert. Dahingegen wurden bei gleichem Vorgehen bei 2 anderen Patienten im Mittel 24% der verabreichten Digitoxin-Dosis durch eine 4- bzw. 6stündige Hämoperfusion eliminiert, obwohl die Digitoxin-Clearance deutlich unter der Digoxin-Clearance lag. Die geringe Effektivität der Hämoperfusion bei der Digoxinelimination ist auf das große Verteilungsvolumen dieses Glykosids zurückzuführen, welches durch hohe Gewebe-und niedrige Plasmakonzentrationen gekennzeichnet ist. Andererseits ist die gute Wirkung der Hämoperfusion in der Elimination von Digitoxin auf das deutlich kleinere Verteilungsvolumen zurückzuführen und läßt den Einsatz der Hämoperfusion bei lebensbedrohlicher Digitoxin-Intoxikation sinnvoll erscheinen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 62 (1984), S. 423-426 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Supernormal conduction ; Bundle branch block ; His bundle electrogram ; Programmed atrial stimulation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A programmed atrial stimulation at a driving rate of 100/min was performed in a 47-year-old woman with left bundle branch block. Supernormal conduction lasting 40 ms was revealed within the right bundle branch. After autonomic blockade (0.2 mg propranolol/kg body weight and 0.04 mg atropine/kg body weight) the position and duration of the supernormal conduction did not change. This suggests that the autonomic nervous system has no influence on the supernormal phase of conduction in the human intraventricular conduction system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology A: Chemistry 69 (1993), S. 313-323 
    ISSN: 1010-6030
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Pharmacology 9 (1969), S. 483-502 
    ISSN: 0362-1642
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Medicine , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1365-2826
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Melatonin regulates circadian and seasonal physiology via melatonin receptors expressed in the brain. However, little is known about the signal transduction mechanisms that mediate the action of melatonin in neuronal cells. To begin to address this issue, we expressed the human MT1 receptor in the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cell line. In this cell line, melatonin acutely stimulated cAMP synthesis through a calcium-calmodulin dependent pathway. This stimulatory effect was independent of an interaction with Gi or Gs G proteins and dependent upon internal calcium stores. Melatonin also potentiated forskolin-activated cAMP synthesis. Differentiation of the neuroblastoma cells with retinoic acid to the neuronal phenotype did not alter the ability of melatonin to acutely stimulate cAMP. These data may be relevant to the neuronal action of melatonin and highlight the importance of the cellular context of expression of melatonin and other G protein-coupled receptors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Journal of neuroendocrinology 15 (2003), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2826
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Sensitization of adenylate cyclase is a recently discovered phenomenon. Melatonin can induce a sensitized response of adenylate cyclase in ovine pars tuberalis cells where the receptor for melatonin is endogenously expressed. Although the mechanism is not fully understood, sensitization of adenylate cyclase may be an important part of the mechanism by which melatonin encodes daylength in the pars tuberalis of sheep and other animals. We used this as a hypothesis to search for a natural ligand that would activate adenylate cyclase in ovine pars tuberalis cells. The approach revealed pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide to be an indirect activator of adenylate cyclase in the ovine pars tuberalis. We discuss this in relation to the mechanism and importance of sensitization to the function to the pars tuberalis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0022-4731
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Journal of Steroid Biochemistry 34 (1989), S. 461-465 
    ISSN: 0022-4731
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    FEBS Letters 284 (1991), S. 82-86 
    ISSN: 0014-5793
    Keywords: Dexamethasone ; Early antigen ; Epstein-Barr virus ; Lymphoma cell ; Transcription ; Transforming growth factor-β
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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