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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of simple sequence repeat markers in homozygous lines of apple (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 121 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Haploids in apple were induced using anther culture and in situ parthenogenesis followed by in vitro culture of immature embryos or cotyledons. In addition to an earlier characterization of the zygosity state using isozymes, the purpose of this work was an analysis of simple sequence repeats (SSRs) to describe the homozygosity more comprehensively. Five previously described SSR primer combinations were applied. Initially, polymerase chain reaction amplification with the primer pairs was performed on the donor genotypes ‘Alkmene’ and ‘Remo’ and on a further four apple cultivars. Only those primer pairs that amplified two different contrasting alleles could be used for investigation of the zygosity state. According to these analyses both the androgenic and parthenogenic regenerated shoots are homozygous.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0523.2002.00676.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Purification and partial characterization of ubiquitin-activating enzyme from Saccharomyces cerevisiae
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    FEBS Letters 289 (1991), S. 54-58 
    Details
    ISSN: 0014-5793
    Keywords: Ubiquitin-activating enzyme ; Yeast
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0014-5793(91)80907-K
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microdetermination of magnesium and calcium in animal tissue (1963)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 19 (1963), S. 367-368 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Eine Methode zur Bestimmung von 10–40 µg Mg und 5–15 µg Ca in etwa 150 mg Tiergeweben wird beschrieben. Nach Trennung auf Dowex 50-X8 wird Mg mit Komplexon III und Ca mit Na-naphthalohydroxamat bestimmt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02152323
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Putative K+ channel inSchizosaccharomyces pombe is regulated by H+, K+ and cAMP at transcriptional level (1996)
    Springer
    Amino acids 10 (1996), S. 359-368 
    Details
    ISSN: 1438-2199
    Keywords: Amino acids ; Potassium channel ; Yeast ; Transcription regulation ; Spasmolytic and hypotensive drugs
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Living cells control their electrical responsiveness by regulating the quality and quantity of channels expressed in the plasma membrane. Regulation of transcription of the voltage-gated ion channels is an important part of the molecular basis of cell energization. However, the factors which control the expression of channels are not well understood. We studied the effect on the transcription of the voltage-gated K+ channel in the yeastSchizosaccharomyces pombe of cations, pH, and therapeutic spasmolytic and hypotensive agents with different mechanisms of action, including accumulation of intracellular cAMP. A highly specific 122 bp domain of the K+ channel between S5 and H5 with a 55% homology with Dros shab and mbk3 was amplified by nested PCR from chromosomal DNAS. pombe. Northern blot revealed a 1.8kb transcript. mRNA dot-blot and RNase-protected analysis revealed factors altering the K+ channel transcription.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00805863
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thymus alteration in hepatic regeneration (1987)
    Springer
    Research in experimental medicine 187 (1987), S. 379-384 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8580
    Keywords: Hepatic regeneration ; Thymus alteration ; Monoclonal antibodies
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We performed 70% hepatectomy in LEW rats and examined immunologic alterations during hepatic regeneration; especially, thymus weight and cell count, T-cell subpopulations, differentiation ratio of thymocytes (DR) and ratio of T-helper to T-suppressor/cytotoxic cells (Th-Tsc). Strongest liver regeneration was observed on postoperative days 2–5 and it was completed on day 7. During hepatic regeneration a significant thymus atrophy in weight and cell count was found on day 3 and 5, it normalized from the 7th day on. T-cells were highly differentiated during liver regeneration with a DR of 35.7 ± 2.5%, 64.0 ± 4.4% and 38.8 ± 3.0% on postoperative days 3, 5, and 7, respectively, and at the same time Th-Tsc ratio was reduced to 0.57 ± 0.11, 0.38 ± 0.04 and 0.57 ± 0.05, respectively. DR and Th-Tsc ratio showed a trend to normalization from the 7th day on. No changes of thymus and T-cell subpopulations occurred in a sham-operated control group. Since we found such thymus alterations also in spontaneous or drug induced tolerant graft recipients, we conclude that the hepatic regenerative potential possesses a suppressive effect on immune responses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01855664
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alteration of thymus and of immune regulatory-antifibroblast factors in acute and chronic hepatic damage (1987)
    Springer
    Research in experimental medicine 187 (1987), S. 195-201 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8580
    Keywords: Acute hepatic damage ; Chronic hepatic damage ; Immunoregulatory factor ; Antifibroblast factor ; Thymus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We studied in this paper the behavior of immunosuppressive and fibroblast proliferation inhibitory factors in the acute, chronic damage and cirrhotic alteration of the liver. We induced in LEW-rats acute hepatic necrosis by i.v. application of dimethylnitrosamine (DMNA: 35 mg/kg b.wt.) and by i.m. injection of CCl4 (1 ml/kg b.wt., twice a week). After 2–4 weeks we found chronic hepatic damage and after 8–10 weeks liver cirrhosis. As a control, untreated animals were used. Sera and liver factors were prepared from the animals and used for inhibition tests of fibroblast proliferation and MLC reaction. Furthermore, cell count and cell subpopulation of the thymus were determined by monoclonal antibodies (W3/25, OX-8). LF of untreated and DMNA-treated animals exhibited very strong unspecific inhibition effects of fibroblast proliferation and allogenic stimulation. However, with progression of hepatic damage (chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis) both suppressive abilities were gradually reduced. Normal sera showed very slight inhibition of allogenic stimulation but sera of animals with acute hepatic damage showed very strong inhibition. In the 2 weeks of CCl4 treatment, their inhibitory abilities were more than 40%, and with progression of hepatic damage they were gradually reduced. Normal sera or sera of animals with chronic hepatic damage could not suppress the fibroblast proliferation; however, sera of acute hepatic damage inhibited it very strongly. With chronic hepatic damage, the thymus gradually atrophied and, after 10 weeks of CCl4 treatment, it had atrophied completely. Thymocyte differentiation was found only in animals with acute hepatic damage. This suggests that factors which were liberated from the damaged hepatocytes caused differentiation of the thymocytes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01852083
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Significance of thymus differential ratio in immunologic status of graft tolerance (1988)
    Springer
    Research in experimental medicine 188 (1988), S. 305-317 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-8580
    Keywords: Immune tolerance ; Thymocyte subpopulations ; Monoclonal antibodies ; Differentiation ratio ; Cyclosporine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary LEW with BDE-heart graft received 0 (control), 15, or 40 mg cyclosporine (CsA)/kg b. wt. per day. On postoperative days 3, 5, 7, 10, and 14 in four animals each weight and cell count of thymus and spleen were determined, and thymus and spleen cell subpopulations were examined with monoclonal antibodies. The same tests were performed in FiS heart graft recipients without immunosuppression and ungrafted LEW which received 15 or 40 mg CsA. We expressed alterations in thymocyte subpopulations by using the differentiation ratio (DR), i.e., differentiated in % of all T-cells and by the ratio of helper to suppressor/cytotoxic T-cells (Th-Ts/c). In graft rejection the thymus showed no significant change in DR or Th-Ts/c. However, in the CsA-induced graft tolerance DR was elevated and at the same time Th-Ts/c declined, both showing maximum values on days 5 and 7 and a return to normal thereafter. FiS graft recipients exhibited similar thymus alterations as tolerant recipients, but less marked. In CsA-treated ungrafted LEW, elevation of DR was slight after 15 mg but very strong after 40 mg CsA (93% on day 7), and it did not return to normal in the latter group. Th-Ts/c was decreased in these ungrafted animals, but not as strongly as in tolerant graft recipients. Such thymus alterations were not observed in graft rejection. Spleen weights were strongly increased in graft rejection and unchanged in graft tolerance. Splenic Ts/c and Th-Ts/s were increased in CsA-treated tolerant recipients but not in graft rejection. We conclude that elevation of DR and decline of thymic Th-Ts/c in the initial postoperative phase are indicators of graft tolerance in organ recipients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01852279
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence for and expression of a laccase gene in three basidiomycetes degrading humic acids (1999)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 52 (1999), S. 66-69 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract The majority of lignin-degrading basidiomycetes are able to depolymerize humic acids. In this presentation the relationship and possible similarities between enzymes involved in lignin degradation and humic acid depolymerization were examined on the genetic level. We have cloned fragments of the gene encoding the extracellular ligninolytic enzyme laccase from Clitocybula dusenii, Nematoloma frowardii and a fungal strain designated i63-2, and compared the three sequences with those of several other published laccase genes. The sequenced fragments displayed a high homology both on the DNA (97%–77%) and amino acid (100%–85%) level. Furthermore, the expression of this gene in the above-mentioned fungi was demonstrated by a nested polymerase chain reaction with cDNA as template.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530051488
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential expression of manganese peroxidase and laccase in white-rot fungi in the presence of manganese or aromatic compounds (2000)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 54 (2000), S. 686-691 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract White-rot fungi (basidiomycetes) play an important role in the degradation of lignin which is, beside cellulose, the major compound of wood. This process is catalyzed by ligninolytic enzymes, which are able to cleave oxidatively aromatic rings in lignin structure. Manganese peroxidase and laccase of white-rot-fungi are the most important of these among the ligninolytic enzymes. In addition, they are able to degrade xenobiotic aromatic polymers, persisting as environmental pollutants. Manganese and aromatic compounds have often been discussed as being inducers, enhancers or mediators of these ligninolytic enzymes. It is known that supplementing the growth medium with either Mn2+, veratryl alcohol or coal-derived humic acids leads to significantly enhanced extracellular ligninolytic activities. Measuring the amount of expressed mRNA of the two enzymes by quantitative RT-PCR provided evidence that the expression of manganese peroxidase was induced in the three tested white-rot fungi, Clitocybula dusenii b11, Nematoloma frowardii b19, and a straw-degrading strain designated i63–2. Laccase, on the other hand, was expressed in all three fungi with a significant basic activity even without inducer added. However, since the level of laccase mRNA was higher in cultures supplemented with any one of the tested inducers, we conclude that both manganese and the aromatic substances also increase the expression of laccase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530000427
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth substrates control the ability of Fusarium oxysporum to solubilize low-rank coal (1995)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 44 (1995), S. 351-355 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract  The ability of the fungus Fusarium oxysporum to solubilize lignite was found to depend on the presence of a specific carbon source. When grown on glucose or another carbohydrate, the fungus is unable to solubilize coal but it produces the red dye bikaverin. In the coal-solubilizing state, which can be induced by cultivation in the presence of glutamate or gluconate, the fungus does not produce bikaverin. The presence or absence of the pigment can therefore be taken as an indicator of the ability of the fungus to solubilize coal. Addition of extracted and purified bikaverin to F. oxysporum growing on glutamate or gluconate inhibits coal solubilization. Hence, F. oxysporum offers a suitable system for investigating the mechanisms of microbial coal degradation by comparing the two growth-substrate-controlled physiological states.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530050566
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