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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The efficiency of adaptive search tactics for different prey distribution patterns: a simulation model based on the behaviour of juvenile plaice (2003)
    Oxford, UK; Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd/Inc
    Journal of fish biology 63 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Juvenile plaice Pleuronectes platessa are particularly useful for studying forager search behaviour because their search paths are essentially two dimensional, and punctuated by natural stops. Their prey occur in a range of natural distributions from highly aggregated to over-dispersed. Juvenile plaice use area-restricted search near aggregated prey and extensive search, consisting of longer moves and fewer turns, between aggregations and when searching for dispersed prey. They search for less conspicuous prey items mainly in the pauses between movements. This saltatory search behaviour contrasts with the continuous search that is usually assumed in search models. A simulation model of saltatory search behaviour showed that a strategy combining extensive and intensive search allows the efficient exploitation of a range of natural prey distribution patterns, and that it is particularly effective when the search behaviour is controlled by perceived prey density. This allows the predator to respond to the localized aggregations which often occur in nature. The selective use of intensive search was more efficient than the continuous use of extensive search even in prey distribution patterns that were statistically over-dispersed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2003.00212.x
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Increased turning per unit distance as an area-restricted search mechanism in a pause-travel predator, juvenile plaice, foraging for buried bivalves (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 56 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: During searching, discovery of a prey patch by juvenile plaice Pleuronectes platessa was associated with a change from extensive to intensive search behaviour several moves before an attack on a prey. Intensive search behaviour was characterized by reduced distance of moves, a greater rate of turning per unit distance and shorter pauses between moves. The increase in turn rate was associated with area-restricted seaching, while a decrease in distances moved suggests that plaice search more efficiently for prey when stationary than while moving. The klinokinetic mechanism that appears to regulate search behaviour in juvenile plaice should allow efficient exploitation of a range of prey distribution patterns based on localized cues alone. Such a mechanism is especially useful to a migratory predator, like plaice, whose foraging is subject to time constraints imposed by tidally available feeding areas.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2000.tb02160.x
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Adaptive search in juvenile plaice foraging for aggregated and dispersed prey (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 61 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Juvenile plaice Pleuronectes platessa in a laboratory arena used intensive search behaviour, characterized by short movements and frequent turning, in the five movements before and after attacking a prey in an aggregated distribution. They used extensive search behaviour with, on average, longer movements and less turning at all other times. Intensive search was, apparently, triggered by a high local density of prey but not by isolated prey. This response to local prey density resulted in area-restricted search when prey were aggregated and win-shift behaviour when prey were dispersed. There was no evidence that the use of intensive search increased with experience of aggregated prey. It therefore appears that the fish were able to exploit encountered prey distribution patterns using their immediate perceptions rather than prior experience.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2002.tb02469.x
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Hierarchical response to prey stimuli and associated effects of hunger and foraging experience in the fifteen-spined stickleback, Spinachia spinachia (L.) (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 38 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Responsiveness of fifteen-spined sticklebacks, Spinachia spinachia (L.) to motility (rotating or still). size (larger or smaller), colour (red or green), shape (rectangular or tapered) and location (near bottom or surface of water) was investigated by presenting fish with binary choices of artificial prey, constructed from frozen mysids, trimmed, dyed and fixed to adjustable, motorized rods. Responsiveness was in the order movement 〉 size 〉 colour 〉 shape = location. In natural situations, movement may distinguish edible from inedible objects, while size indicates profitability and feasibility for attack. Colour, shape and location are more specific stimuli. Sticklebacks familiar with Artemia are more responsive to red coloration, tapered shape and pelagic location, as opposed to green, rectangular and benthic characterizing Gammarus.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1991.tb03146.x
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Artificial dietary regime may impair subsequent foraging behaviour of hatchery-reared turbot released into the natural environment (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 61 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: When offered a size range of shrimp Crangon crangon, fewer naïve reared turbot Scophthalmus maximus fed than did wild fish, and those that fed took smaller prey. Analysis of feeding behaviour indicated differences between wild and naïve reared fish in the motivation to feed on novel prey and in prey recognition and capture efficiency. Feeding efficiency and motivation increased with experience and reared fish achieved the feeding rate of wild fish within the 9 days of the experiment. The ‘creep’ style of approach to shrimp was innate to naïve reared turbot. A comparative feeding experiment confirmed that experienced reared fish ate more prey than naïve reared fish. Naïve reared turbot selected pellets and attacked stones preferentially to shrimp, in contrast to wild and experienced reared fish, which selected shrimp. Stones were attacked due to the memory of pellet-like visual characteristics and this behaviour persisted in some reared fish for at least 6 weeks, illustrating a cost of memory in which changing environmental conditions cause previously learnt information to become misleading. The experimental data also demonstrated that differences may arise in the prey and feeding behaviour of wild and naïve reared fish, but that such differences diminish with experience.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2002.tb01750.x
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Optimizing foraging behaviour through learning (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 41 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Manifestation of life-history strategy is through the allocation of resources acquired by foraging. Foraging efficiency can be improved by learning, as fishes adjust their behaviour to changing circumstances. We briefly review the influence of learning on the foraging behaviour of fishes and make recommendations for further research. We stress the importance of quantifying learning and memory in relation to ontogeny and life history.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1992.tb03870.x
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The cryptic responses of hatchery-reared sole to a natural sand substratum (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 51 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Quelle: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: In laboratory experiments, both reared and wild sole Solea solea selected a sand substratum in preference to a hard substratum. Reared sole with no previous experience of sand buried quickly when placed on sand. Light motivated burial, and the motivation of reared sole to bury was as strong as that of wild sole. The burial efficiency (the proportion of the ocular side covered by sand after a single burial attempt) of reared sole was lower than that of wild sole, but increased to that of wild sole after a period of 12 days maintenance on sand. Motivation to bury is therefore innate, but efficiency is affected by experience. The reactive distance of reared sole to a standardized predation threat was the same as that of wild sole and was shorter when buried (6 cm) than when not buried (15 cm). Burial therefore affected the response to a predation threat, indicating that burial is a cryptic behaviour. Munsell colour charts were used to determine the time required for reared sole to match the skin colour ‘tone’ of wild sole after placement on sand. Adaptation of colour value (lightness) took 4–7 days, but adaptation of chroma (intensity of colour) and hue took 33 and 69 days respectively. It is therefore recommended that flatfishes reared for stock enhancement exercises are conditioned to sand prior to release due to the relatively long time required for crypsis to improve through colour adaptation and burying.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.1997.tb01674.x
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  • 8
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    Responses by the ferret to stimulus change (1964)
    London, etc. : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    British journal of psychology. 55 (1964) 463 
    Details
    ISSN: 0007-1269
    Thema: Psychologie
    URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pao:&rft_dat=xri:pao:article:0047-1964-055-00-000052
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  • 9
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    Effects of food deprivation, deprivation experience and sex on exploration in rats (1968)
    London, etc. : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    British journal of psychology. 59 (1968) 47 
    Details
    ISSN: 0007-1269
    Thema: Psychologie
    URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pao:&rft_dat=xri:pao:article:0047-1968-059-00-000007
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  • 10
    facet.materialart.
    Unbekannt
    Social facilitation of locomotion and exploration in rats (1969)
    London, etc. : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    British journal of psychology. 60 (1969) 385 
    Details
    ISSN: 0007-1269
    Thema: Psychologie
    URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pao:&rft_dat=xri:pao:article:0047-1969-060-00-000043
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