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  • 1
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Guinea-pigs were sensitized with various substances (DNCB, penicillin G, PPL, ethylaminobenzoate, formalin) by the Draize method, the maximization method and the new optimization method (intracutaneous test employing adjuvant). The advantages of the optimization method favouring its adoption as a standard sensitization test are discussed in the light of the results obtained by this method and with the two established tests.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Contact dermatitis 5 (1979), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Results of the optimization method and of other methods used to assess contact allergy in laboratory animals were compared with known epidemiological data on the occurrence of hypersensitivity reactions in man. Tests were performed with preservatives {formalin, ethylenediamine and sorbic acid), drugs (penicillin G, benzocaine and sulphathiazole) and other contactants belonging to widely different chemical classes (p-phenylenediamine, triclosan, pyrazole derivatives, nickel and chrome salts, eugenol, isoeugenol and mercaptobenzothiazole). The degree of sensitization achieved in guinea pigs by the optimized procedure (intradermal test with adjuvant combination) and the maximization procedure was invariably superior to that produced by the epidermal method using prior irritation of the site of application. Both the optimized procedure and the maximization test seem to be capable of identifying contact allergens that cause hypersensitivity reactions in as few as t in 10,000 of the human population as a whole. The optimization test merits consideration as a standardized and efficiently predictive procedure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Groups of guinea pigs were sensitized with a 0.1% solution of dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) by the Draize intracutaneous method, The course of the induction process, the influence of the vehicles used and the extent to which the reactions are amenable to assessment according to objective criteria were examined. The sensitivity of the standardized Draize test was then compared with that of various other sensitization techniques, including:The intracutaneous test with adjuvant (optimization test)The maximization test according to Magnusson & Kligman (1969)The epidermal sensitization testThe epidermal sensitization lest wish prior irritation of the contact site (by croton oil or sodium lauryl sulphate).Comparison of these methods revealed that either the additional application of adjuvant or prior irritation of the contact site augmented the degree of sensitization to DNCR just as greatly as the simultaneous use of adjuvant and prior irritation of the skin, (maximization test.). The improved sensitization methods, and in particular the standardised optimization test, may prove to be of particular value for the study of so-called weak allergens.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Contact dermatitis 6 (1980), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1600-0536
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 6-Methylcoumarin was tested in a new animal model developed for the predictive evaluation of photocontact allergenic potential. Negative results were obtained and these are discussed with respect to inherent limitations of the animal model.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Research in experimental medicine 163 (1974), S. 229-239 
    ISSN: 1433-8580
    Keywords: Topical corticoids ; Skin atrophy ; Evaluation in the animal ; Externcorticoide ; Hautatrophische Nebenwirkungen ; Tierexperimentelle Quantifizierung
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Um die in Klinik und Praxis neuerdings häufiger beobachteten hautatrophischen Nebenwirkungen topisch applizierter Corticoide eventuell prädiktiv zu erfassen, wurde eine tierexperimentell-histometrische Prüfmethode, der Hauthypotrophietest am Meerschweinchen, entwickelt. Die vergleichende Evaluierung 5 bekannter Externcorticoide — Hydrocortison, Flumethasonpivalat, Fluprednylidenacetat, Fluocinonid und Fluocinolonacetonid — in dieser Versuchsanordnung ergab für sie gegenüber unbehandelten Kontrollen charakteristisch unterschiedliche Hypotrophiewirkungen auf das subepidermale Integument. Der Aussagewert und die mögliche Korrelation der Ergebnisse mit klinischen Nebenwirkungsbefunden werden eingehend diskutiert.
    Notes: Summary Atrophic cutaneous side effects have recently been observed with increasing frequency during therapy with topical corticosteroids. An experimental model permitting histometric evaluation was developed to assess and, if possible, predict those effects. The activity of 5 widely used topical corticoids — Hydrocortisone, Flumethasone pivalate, Fluprednylidene acetate, Fluocinonide, and Fluocinolone acetonide — was compared in the guinea pig by this cutaneous hypotrophy test; in relation to untreated skin the substances tested exhibited characteristic and discernibly different hypotrophic effects on the subepidermal integument. The general relevance of these findings and the extent to which they may be correlated with the side effects observed in patients are discussed in detail.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 213 (1961), S. 445-454 
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 235 (1969), S. 252-270 
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Es wird eine neue Methode zur Prüfung der Haarfestigkeit beschrieben, die auf einer Verleichsbestimmung der primären und sekundären Alkaliresistenz und Ermittlung der Alkaliresistenzänderung von Haarschaftgruppen beruht, d.h. auf der Messung von Faserdehnung und Reißfestigkeit der Haare unter konstanter Zugspannung und Alkalibelastung ohne sowie nach Vorbehandlung mit den zu evaluierenden Substanzen. Das Verfahren ist vornehmlich für den prädiktiven (prognostischen) und prädikativen (diagnostischen) Nachweis erwünschter und unerwünschter Wirkungen von Dermatica, Kosmetica, Chemikalien usw. auf die Haarschäfte geeignet. Als Anwendungsbeispiel werden Resultate einer größeren Prüfungsreihe wiedergegeben. 5% Salicyl-Kopfspiritus und dessen hydroäthanolisches Excipiens beeinflussen die Alkalifestigkeit der Haare nicht; 5% alkalische Natriumthioglykolat-Lösung erniedrigt die Alkaliresistenz; ca. 80% iges Isopropanol, deionisiertes Wasser, der kationische Shampoo Binafor® und 4% Cystein-Lösung haben eine leichte bis deutliche, der Haarlackspray Binaset bleu®, das Corticoidexternum Locacorten®-Lotio und 2% Allantoin-Lösung eine stark ausgeprägte resistenzerhöhende Wirkung auf die Haare.
    Notes: Summary A new method of testing the resistance of hair is described. This method is based on comparative determinations of the primary and the secondary resistance of hair shaft groups to the action of alkali and evaluation of the changes in resistance, i.e. fibre elongation and the tensile strength of the hair under constant tension and exposure to alkali are measured before and after treatment with the substances to be tested. This procedure is chiefly suitable for the demonstration of desirable and undesirable effects of dermatological preparations, cosmetics, chemicals, etc. on the hair shaft, for both prognostic and diagnostic purposes. The method is examplified by reference to the results obtained in a large series of investigations. A 5% salicylic-acid hair-lotion and its hydroethanolic excipient do not affect the alkali resistance of the hair; 5% alkaline sodium thioglycolate solution lowers its resistance; approx. 80% isopropanol, deionized water, the cationic shampoo Binafor® and 4% cysteine solution have a slight to clear-cut resistance-enhancing effect on the hair and Binaset® Bleu hair-spray, the topical corticoid Locacorten® lotion and 2% allantoin solution increase alkali resistance markedly.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 241 (1971), S. 245-254 
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Die Wirkung von Corticoidexterna auf die anderweitig nicht behandelte Meerschweinchenhaut setzt sich aus einem die Epidermopoese fördernden Effekt der Einreibeapplikation und der Grundlagen sowie einem entgegengerichteten antiepidermopoetischen Effekt der inkorporierten Corticosteroide zusammen. Art und Ausmaß dieser beiden Wirkungen lassen sich im vergleichenden Epidermopoese-Test genauer erfassen und quantifizieren. Als Beispiel werden die Resultate entsprechender Untersuchungen mit Locacorten®-Neomycin-, Locacorten®-Vioform-Salbe sowie Locacorten®-Tar vorgelegt und diskutiert.
    Notes: Summary The action of corticoid topicals on the otherwise untreated skin of the guinea-pig is attributable in part to the epidermopoiesis enhancing effect of inunction of the skin and of the ointment base and in part to the opposite antiepidermopoietic effect of the corticoid. The nature and the extent of these effects can be examined and measured objectively by means of the comparative epidermopoiesis test. This procedure is exemplified by the results of studies carried out with Locorten® Neomycin, Locorten® Vioform® and Locorten® Tar ointments.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 211 (1960), S. 381-389 
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archives of dermatological research 204 (1957), S. 236-245 
    ISSN: 1432-069X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Es wird über die Voraussetzungen, über Methoden und Ergebnisse eigener Untersuchungen zur Erfassung und graphischen Wiedergabe der Nagelflächenformgrößen d. h. also der Nagelgestaltung, berichtet; das Ziel dieser Untersuchungen war die Objektivierung der formativen Tätigkeit der Nagelmatrix, welche ebenso wie ihre germinative Tätigkeit im Zusammenhang übergeordneter organismischer Korrelationen gesehen werden muß. Vorkommen und Ausbildung der Lunulae werden —als Teilerscheinung der Nagelgestaltung — besonders berücksichtigt. Die in der Literatur niedergelegten Befunde früherer Untersucher werden kurz dargestellt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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