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  • 1
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Different optical layouts for a beamline that extracts infrared synchrotron radiation from a bending magnet are discussed, and their performances are compared by use of ray-tracing simulations. Specific results are presented for SINBAD, the beamline to be mounted on the new Frascati collider DAΦNE. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 67 (1996), S. 3379-3379 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A workshop on x-ray optics and ray tracing was held on October 18, 1995, at the Synchrotron Radiation Instrumentation conference held at Argonne. The object of the workshop was to exchange experience in ray-tracing calculations between the largest synchrotron radiation facilities. The introduction was carried out by Franco Cerrina, who made a review presentation of SHADOW, the only ray-tracing code that can be used for almost all the synchrotron radiation applications and surely is the most wide-spread and complete one. Then a total of seven speakers presented in short talks (20 minutes) their experience in the use of SHADOW at their respective facilities, their developments, suggestions, wishes, and complaints about some points of the package. Some of the presentations are available as contributed papers to the SRI'95 proceedings. In general, the speakers (representing all the U.S. Department of Energy synchrotron radiation sources) felt that the program was an essential part of the facilities experimental development. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The performance of a diamond double-crystal monochromator for the TROIKA II station at the ESRF was studied. Two (111) oriented diamond crystals for Bragg geometry (120 mm and 500 mm thick) were combined in a nondispersive horizontal scattering geometry and characterized in the white Troika undulator beam. The observed rocking curves were slightly broadened due to nonuniform defect distributions present in the crystals. No heat-load-induced broadening was found. The measured reflectivities compared well to the calculated values, and it was shown that a double-crystal Bragg monochromator can replace a single-reflection Laue monochromator without loss in flux. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Perfect crystals in transmission (Laue) geometry can effectively be used for x-ray monochromators. Perfect Laue crystals show an interesting focusing effect when the incident beam is white and divergent. This focusing is highly dependent on the beam divergence and on the energy bandpass of the crystal. The aim of this work is to study whether this property can be used for focusing a synchrotron x-ray beam, and to obtain quantitatively the beam dimensions of the resulting monochromatic beam. We have experimentally measured the size of an undulator beam after diffraction from a diamond crystal in Laue geometry, and we analyzed and explained the results by comparison with ray tracing. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: In a Bonse–Hart camera, a set of two or more grooved (channel cut) perfect crystals are used to provide a very high angular resolution experiment. The resulting multireflection profiles can be calculated in a first approximation by the dynamical theory of diffraction, where usually only coherent scattering is considered. In addition, there is experimental evidence of incoherent Compton scattering (ICS) and thermal diffuse scattering (TDS) contributions. Such contributions are especially important when performing small angle scattering experiments where intensities in an interval of ten orders of magnitude are often recorded. We propose and analyze here the use of thin (a few micrometers) crystals for a Bonse–Hart camera in order to decrease the TDS and ICS components, thus to increase the performances of the device. However, using thin crystals causes the occurrence of interference (Pendellösung) fringes which degrades the instrument resolution. We study in this paper the possible elimination of Pendellösung fringes by angularly offsetting one or more crystals with respect to the others. Optimizing the offset value, the Pendellösung oscillations of the crystals interfere destructively, then significantly reducing their contribution to the total resolution function. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 70 (1999), S. 1614-1620 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Ray-tracing simulations, validated by experimental results, demonstrate that high intensity collimated x-ray beams can be produced from an isotropic x-ray source. A spherically bent mica crystal was used to collimate and monochromatize x rays emitted by a femtosecond laser-produced plasma. The result is a short pulse x-ray beam with a high degree of collimation (less than 1 mrad divergence), good spectral resolution (10−2〈Δλ/λ〈10−4), and tunability over a wide spectral range. The role of the experimental parameters in the resulting beam divergence is thoroughly analyzed by ray-tracing modeling. These simulations are validated by test experiments. The ray-tracing calculations define a set of boundaries in the experimental parameters, which will guarantee the achievement of collimated beams better than 1 mrad in further experiments. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 66 (1995), S. 987-994 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A double-focusing small-angle x-ray scattering camera has been installed at the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility. The camera uses a low-β undulator as insertion device. Stable operation has been demonstrated at 13 keV. A beam size at the sample position in the range of 100–200 μm and a flux in excess of 1010 Ph/s have been obtained. The camera allows to resolve the first order of collagen (67 nm). © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 66 (1995), S. 5148-5152 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Perfect crystals in transmission (Laue) geometry can be used effectively for x-ray monochromators, and moreover, perfect Laue crystals show an interesting focusing effect when the incident beam is white and divergent. This focusing is directly dependent on the incident beam divergence and on the diffraction profile width of the crystal. The aim of this work is to study whether this property can be used for focusing a synchrotron x-ray beam, and to obtain quantitatively the dimensions of the resulting monochromatic beam. We have experimentally measured the size of an undulator beam after diffraction from a diamond crystal in Laue geometry, and we analyze and explain the results by comparison with ray-tracing simulations. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Two undulator beam lines will be available at the ESRF for microdiffraction/small-angle scattering (beam line 1) and time-resolved small-angle scattering/biological crystallography (beam line 4). In both cases a separate function optics with a double monochromator and a double focusing mirror have been selected. The general design principles of the two cameras, end station, and data acquisition systems foreseen are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 72 (2001), S. 3291-3303 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A novel, compact, large field, and spectrally tunable imaging x-ray microscope is presented. It is based on the use of an isotropic point x-ray source and a spherically curved crystal. The x-ray beam intensity is modulated by the object attenuation, then monochromatized and enlarged using a spherical crystal and, finally, imaged using a detector downstream from the crystal. We demonstrate by ray tracing simulations that this system allows microscopy studies with high spatial resolution, high magnification ratios, and large field of view. Microscopes using this model can be easily built using different x-ray sources, like conventional x-ray tube generators, x rays emitted by laser-generated plasmas or x-pinch plasmas, and also synchrotron radiation when used in combination with other condenser optics. Preliminary experiments are presented to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed setup. High resolution (∼4 μm) monochromatic (δλ/λ∼10−5–10−3) images over a large field of view (few mm2) were recorded in the spectral range 8–14 Å using a laser-generated plasma source and a spherical mica crystal. Compared to x-ray crystal imagers used in relation with plasma sources, the new configuration produces high quality stigmatic images working at many different Bragg angles, thus improving the spectral tunability and allowing a more flexible design. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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