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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Physics and chemistry of minerals 27 (1999), S. 103-111 
    ISSN: 1432-2021
    Keywords: Key words X-ray diffraction ; High-temperature ; Oxides ; Thermal expansion ; Anharmonicity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The high-temperature cell parameters of lime (CaO), periclase (MgO), corundum (Al2O3), and spinel (MgAl2O4) have been determined from 300 up to 3000 K through X-ray diffraction experiments with synchrotron radiation. The good agreement found with dilatometric results suggests that vacancy-type defects do not make a large contribution to thermal expansion for these oxides, even near the melting point, justifying the use of X-ray diffraction for determining volume properties up to very high temperatures. Thermal expansion coefficients were determined from the measured cell volumes with equations of the form α=α0 + α1 T + α2/T 2. Along with available isobaric heat capacity and compressibility data, these derived coefficients clearly show that anharmonic effects contribute little to the isochoric heat capacities (C v ) of CaO, MgO, and Al2O3, which do not depart appreciably from the 3nR Dulong and Petit limit.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 130 (1997), S. 295-298 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Rhenium ; Oxides ; Alkyl ligands ; Dirhenium compounds ; Metal-metal interactions ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Most alkylrhenium(VII) oxides, e.g. ((cyclo)-C3H5)Re03 (2) are rather sensitive to temperature and moisture with the prominent exception of methyltrioxorhenium (1). The corresponding alkylrhenium(VI) oxides of formula [RR′(O)- Re(μ-O)]2 [R=R′=(cyclo)-C3H5 (3), iPr (4); R=CH3, R′=C2H5 (5), R=CH3, R′=iPr (6)] are much more stable in this regard. They can be handled in air at room temperature. They were synthesized from Re207 and dialkylzinc precursors, fully characterized and are available in much higher yields than their ReVII congeners. Mixed tetraalkyltetraoxodirhenium(VI) complexes (R # R′) synthesized from 1 and dialkylzinc compounds form as a mixture of cis/trans isomers. They are oily liquids at room temperature. The Re=O and Re-Re stretching force constants as a measure of the bond strengths, were determined from IR and Raman data.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0948-1907
    Keywords: CVD ; Ion beam ; Thin films ; Oxides ; Nitrides ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: The ion-beam-induced chemical vapor deposition method for the preparation of thin films consists of the bombardment of a suitable substrate with O2⊕ or N2⊕ ions of relatively high energy while a flow of an organometallic precursor is directed onto its surface. Single and mixed oxides and nitride thin films can be prepared by this procedure. This paper describes the principles of the method, and presents some examples of thin films prepared with it (TiO2, PbTiO3, AlxTiyOz, AlN, and SnO2). Some characterization results of these thin films by different techniques are reported, with special emphasis on physical and electronic methods such as X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS), and X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS). Other aspects, such as the preferential removal of C, H, and other impurity atoms from the precursors under the action of oxygen beams, or the possibility of performing lithographic depositions of these dielectric materials, are also considered.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 623 (1997), S. 1796-1802 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Solid State Chemistry ; Crystal Structure ; Zintl Phases ; Oxides ; Phosphides ; Arsenides ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Ba11KX7O2 (X = P, As): Zwei neuartige Zintl-Phasen mit unendlichen Ketten sauerstoffzentrierter Ba6-Oktaeder, isolierten X3- und dimeren X24- AnionenReaktionen von „BaX“ (X = P, As) mit elementarem Ba, K und BaO in Tantalampullen bei 900-1000°C ergaben schwarze, sehr luft- und feuchtigkeitsempfindliche Kristalle von Ba11KP7O2 und der dazu isotypen Verbindung Ba11KAs7O2. welche durch EDX und Röntgenbeugung charakterisiert wurden (orthorhombisch, Fddd, Z = 8; a = 1069,9(1), b = 1514,3(2), c = 3164,6(4) pm und a = 1087,8(2), b = 1542,3(2), c = 3232,4(4) pm). In der Struktur liegen parallel zu [100] unendliche Zickzack-Ketten, ∞1[Ba4Ba2/2O], aus eckenverknüpften Ba6-Oktaedern vor, die durch O-Atome zentriert werden. Dazwischen befinden sich lineare Reihen von abwechselnd angeordneten isolierten X-Atomen und X2-Hanteln, welche die Oktaederketten zu Schichten parallel zu (001) miteinander verbinden. Während sich die X-Atome in einem verzerrten Ba8-Würfel befinden, zentrieren die X2-Hanteln einen Ba12-Polyeder, welcher aus einem Paar flächenverknüpfter, quadratischer Ba-Antiprismen aufgebaut ist. Hieraus ergibt sich die Abfolge Würfel-Antiprisma-Antiprisma-Würfel aus flächenverknüpften Ba-Polyedern. Zwischen den Schichten befinden sich weitere isolierte X-Atome und verknüpfen diese entlang [001] miteinander. Zwei Atompositionen sind statistisch mit Ba und K besetzt, so daß nach dem Zintl-Klemm-Konzept die Summenformel der Verbindungen auch durch Ba2+11K+X3-5(X2)4-O2-2 ausgedrückt werden kann.
    Notes: Reactions of “BaX” (X = P, As) with Ba, K and BaO in tantalum tubes at 900-1000°C yielded black, very air- and moisture-sensitive crystals of Ba11KP7O2 and isotypic Ba11KAs7O2 which were characterized by EDX and X-ray diffraction (orthorhombic, Fddd, Z = 8; a = 1069.9(1), b = 1514.3(2), c = 3164.6(4) pm and a = 1087.8(2), b = 1542.3(2), c = 3232.4(4) pm, respectively). The structure contains infinite zigzag chains, ∞1[Ba4Ba2/2O], of oxygen-centered, corner-sharing Ba6 octahedra along [100]. They are connected by linear strings built of alternating isolated X atoms and X2 dimers to form layers parallel to (001). While the isolated X atoms are surrounded by eight Ba forming a distorted cube, the X2 dimers center a Ba12 polyhedron which is comprised of a pair of face-sharing Ba square antiprisms. This results in a cube-antiprism-antiprism-cube sequence of face-sharing Ba polyhedra. Additional X atoms function as spacers between the layers and connect them along [001]. Two atom positions are statistically occupied by Ba and K, and the formula may be written as Ba2+11K+X3-5(X2)4-O2-2 according to the Zintl-Klemm concept.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 3 (1964), S. 47-54 
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Oxides ; Water ; High-pressure chemistry ; Hydrolysis ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The reactions of the oxides SiO2, MoO3, and WO3 with steam at temperatures between 400 and 700 °C and pressures of 5 to 500 atm were studied by means of the transfer method. The results were evaluated by a new method. In the system Sio2/H2O the formation of gaseous Si(OH)4, Si2O(OH)6, and [SiO2(OH)2]x was found to occur in three different water-density ranges. In the systems MoO3/H2O and WO3/H2O the gaseous compounds MoO2(OH)2 and WO2(OH)2, which were already known, exist up to densities of approximately 0.05g/cm3. At higher densities, at which the supercritical phase begins to show the properties of a liquid to an ever increasing extent, isopolymolybdic or isopolytungstic acids appear.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 3 (1964), S. 669-677 
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Surface chemistry ; Oxides ; Carbon ; Graphite ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: On oxidation of graphitic carbon, acidic surface oxides (or hydroxides in the presence of water) are formed at the boundaries of the carbon layers. It was found that the reaction of oxygen with microcrystalline carbon at 400-450°C yields four groups of different acidities. One strongly acidic group and one weakly acidic carboxyl group have been detected, as well as a phenolic hydroxyl group; a carbonyl group is probably also present. With dissolved oxidizing agents, one equivalent of another strongly acidic carboxyl group is formed in addition at room temperature. The possible constitutions of the acidic surface oxides are discussed. Chemically detectable surface oxides are also formed on the surface of diamond. In the presence of oxygen at 800-900°C under reduced pressure, diamond is transformed into black carbon. Surface oxides play a part in this transformation.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 3 (1964), S. 287-306 
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Organopotassium compounds ; Organosodium compounds ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Additional Material: 7 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Organopotassium compounds ; Organosodium compounds ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A selection of well established procedures for the preparation of the most common organosodium and organopotassium compounds is given. The wide synthetic applicability of organoalkali-metal compounds is shown by means of examples. Unlike Part I, Part II deals not only with “true”organoalkali compounds, but also with salt-like compounds such as sodium acetylides and sodiocarboxylic esters, since these posses considerable preparative value.
    Additional Material: 8 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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