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  • 1995-1999
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  • 1977  (4)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 16 (1977), S. 449-459 
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Entropy ; Binding energy ; Enzyme catalysis ; Catalysis ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Why are enzyme-catalyzed reactions so much faster than uncatalyzed reactions, and why are enzymes so specific? What is the effect of mere approximation of enzyme and substrate, and what is the influence of the strain energy? Attempts to answer these questions have led to comparisons between entropy changes in intermolecular and intramolecular reactions, and to determinations of the intrinsic energy of the bond arising by non-covalent interaction between enzyme and substrate.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    Library Location Call Number Volume/Issue/Year Availability
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 16 (1977), S. 493-505 
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Phase-transfer catalysis ; Catalysis ; Synthetic methods ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Phase-transfer catalysis (PTC) has grown into a versatile preparative method in the last few years. The most notable new developments include the use of crown ethers as phase-transfer catalysts and the introduction of solid-liquid PTC. Some representative examples have been selected from the large number of new PTC reactions and some of them are summarized in tables.
    Additional Material: 11 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 16 (1977), S. 817-826 
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Titanium tetrachloride ; Synthetic methods ; Catalysis ; C-C coupling ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Titanium tetrachloride can accelerate numerous organic reactions. Valuable syntheses of, e.g., allyl sulfides, amides, enamines, and ketones are based upon transformations of functional groups with TiCl4. Particular mention should also be made of carbon-carbon linkage with TiCl4 which permits the synthesis of hydroxy ketones and carbonyl compounds of the Michael adduct type. TiCl4 reduced in situ is suitable for the reduction of chloroarenes or the linkage of two aldehyde molecules to give an alkene.
    Additional Material: 7 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 16 (1977), S. 285-293 
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Evolution ; Enzyme catalysis ; Catalysis ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A new function derived from kinetic data, the efficiency function, can be used to quantify the efficiency of a catalyst. For freely diffusing species the maximum efficiency is unity. The enzyme triose phosphate isomerase has an efficiency of 0.6 and is thus almost a perfect catalyst. The efficiency of the acetate ion as catalyst for the same reaction is 2.5 × 10-11. This increase in catalytic efficiency is discussed in terms of three types of evolutionary improvement: the uniform binding of the substrate to the enzyme, changes in the internal thermodynamics of the bound states, and more effective catalysis of elementary steps. These concepts are illustrated for triose phosphate isomerase.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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