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  • 1995-1999
  • 1960-1964  (5)
  • 1920-1924
  • 1963  (5)
  • Alkenes  (3)
  • Phosphorus
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Type and Extent of Isomerization of Straight-Chain Mono-olefins during the Koch Carboxylic Acid SynthesisReported in part at the meeting of the Gesellschaft Deutscher Chemiker, Aachen 1961; Angew. Chem. 73, 767 (1961). (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 2 (1963), S. 719-722 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Koch carboxylic acid synthesis ; Carboxylic acids ; Alkenes ; Isomerization ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: When straight-chain mono-olefins, from pentene to decene, are subjected to the Koch carboxylic acid synthesis by the addition of CO and H2O or CH3OH in the presence of strongly acidic catalysts, not only the expected secondary acids, but also mixtures of a specific type of tertiary acids or their methyl esters are formed. When the catalysts contain boron trifluoride, the secondary acids are formed in ratios of isomers which are, within the scope of this investigation, independent of the experimental conditions and which agree well with the values calculated from the isomer equilibria of the corresponding n-olefins. Using concentrated sulfuric acid as catalyst, a larger proportion of tertiary acids is obtained than with BF3-catalysis, and amongst the secondary acids, those isomers predominate in which the COOH group is situated near the centre of the molecule.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196307191
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Emulsion Polymerization of Vinyl Monomers under the Influence of Ionizing Radiation (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 2 (1963), S. 295-308 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Emulsion polymerization ; Polymerization ; Polymerization ; Alkenes ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Ionizing radiation induces the polymerization of some vinyl monomers in aqueous emulsion with high radiation yields. With identical emulsion compositions, the kinetics of this reaction and the kinetics of emulsion polymerization induced by water-soluble initiators are very similar. The rate of reaction in emulsion polymerization is about one hundred times greater than in bulk polymerization. The initiation of emulsion polymerization by means of ionizing radiation permits uniform “illumination” of the reacting volume, as well as almost any desired variation in the frequency of initiation during the reaction. The sharp decrease in the overall rate of reaction when initiation is interrupted during emulsion polymerization of styrene induced by γ-rays contradicts the earlier concept of sharply separated reaction zones.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196302951
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Further Contributions to the Knowledge of SemimetalsDedicated to Dr. W. Foerst on the occasion of his 65th birthday (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 2 (1963), S. 523-530 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Semimetals ; Metallic structure ; Nonmetallic structure ; Antimony ; Arsenic ; Bismuth ; Phosphorus ; Tellurium ; Tin ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Measurements on semimetals have been continued. Studies of the dependence on temperature of various properties have provided details regarding the transition from the nonmetallic to the more metallic structure. A second-order transition has been found for tin at 170 °C, in which the c-axis remains unchanged, while the a-axis undergoes a small, discontinuous elongation.
    Additional Material: 13 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196305231
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New Developments in the Chemistry of PolyphosphanesDedicated to Prof. Dr. Karl Winnacker on the occasion of his 60th birthday (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 2 (1963), S. 646-654 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Polyphosphanes ; Phosphanes ; Phosphorus ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: While silicon and sulfur, which are situated to the left and to the right of phosphorus in the periodic table, from numerous chain and cyclic Si-Si and S-S-compounds with varying numbers of members, until recently the polyphosphance chemistry has been limited to the two-membered compounds diphosphane P2H4 and its derivatives. A number of results obtained in studies on polyphosphanes carried out in recent years will therefore be discussed, which, together with some more recent work by other authors, have led to an expansion of our knowledge of the prepration and properties of straight and branched-chain as well as of cyclic and polycylic -P-P-systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196306461
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reactions of Olefins with the Titanium-Carbon BondDedicated to Prof. Dr. Karl Ziegler on the occasion of his 65th birthday (1963)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 2 (1963), S. 704-714 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Titanium ; Alkenes ; Polymerization ; Titanium ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: At low temperatures, ethylene and α-olefins (Δ1-olefins or 1-alkenes) are rapidly converted into oligomrs by the two-component organometallic catalyst CH3TiCl3·CH3AlCl2. To achieve smooth oligomerizations, aromatic or chlorinated hydrocarbons must be used as solvents. Although the activity of the titanium-carbon bond is enhanced by the aluminum component of the catalyst, the aluminum and its methyl group do not participate in the reaction proper; the latter proceeds exclusively at the titanium-carbon bond. The reaction will olefins can be used as an analytical method for the quantitative determination of the titanium-carbon bond in admixture with the organoaluminum component. It is thus possible to follow the reaction leading to formation of the catalyst from titanium tertrachloride, as well as the processes occurring at the titanium-carbon bond during the oligomerization of olefins. All the observations indicate that the catalyst possesses an ionic structure which is determined by the solvent. It is shown that the initial reaction step probably involves formation of a complex between the olefin and the alkyltitanium cation. The reaction scheme proposed is based on organometallic reactions which are characterized by carbanion and hydride transfers within the olefin-cation complex. This mechanism, which is unusual for Ziegler catalysts, is due to the predominance of hydride transfers.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196307041
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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