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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Catalytic Activity of Transition Metal Compounds in the Liquid-Phase Oxidation of Hydrocarbons (1969)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 8 (1969), S. 97-107 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Transition metals ; Oxidation ; Hydrocarbons ; Catalysis ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The way in which dissolved transition metal compounds affect the liquid-phase oxidation of hydrocarbons is demonstrated for compounds of cobalt, copper, and manganese. Kinetic investigations on model systems and comparisons with the non-catalyzed reaction show that the catalysts participate in all the oxidation steps.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196900971
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Active Species in Homogeneous Ziegler-Natta Catalysts for the Polymerization of EthyleneExtended version of a lecture delivered at the “Makromolekulares Kolloquium”, Freiburg, in March 1967. (1967)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 6 (1967), S. 790-798 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Ziegler-Natta catalysts ; Catalysis ; Polymerization ; Polyethylene ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Cp2TiCl2 and Cp2TiEtCl (Cp = cyclopentadienyl, Et = ethyl), in combination with aluminum alkyls, have been studied as model catalyst systems for the polymerization of ethylene in toluene. The activity of these systems resides in the presence of a complex molecule involving an alkylated Ti(IV) and an alkylated Al species, linked together by chlorine bridge bonds. The environment of the Ti is of octahedral symmetry with one vacant site available for the coordination of ethylene. The bridged Al-alkyl causes a destabilization of the Ti-alkyl bond (“trans effect”), thus rendering it active for polymerization. The reduction Ti(IV) → Ti(III), inevitable in these systems, involves the irreversible change from octahedral to tetrahedral symmetry with loss of the catalytic activity. Polymerization and reduction are supposed to occur at the same catalyst site. Magnetic methods (susceptibility and EPR) as well as the kinetics of polymerization were used in the investigation of these catalyst systems.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196707901
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nickel-Catalysed Reactions of Allyl Halides and Related Compounds (1967)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 6 (1967), S. 124-133 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Allyl halides ; Catalysis ; Nickel ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Allyl compounds react with carbon monoxide, or with carbon monoxide and acetylene, in the presence of tetracarbonylnickel as catalyst. These catalysts are involved also in coupling reactions and addition reactions of activated olefins and ketones. Reactions of this type can be used for the preparation of unsaturated aliphatic acids, esters, nitriles, hydrocarbons, alicyclic ketones, keto acids, keto esters, diketones, lactones, phenols, and other compounds. The reactions proceed via π-allylnickel complexes.
    Additional Material: 5 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196701241
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Recent Results in the Catalytic Oligomerization and Co-oligomerization of ButadienePublished on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of the establishment of Badische Anilin- & Soda-Fabrik AG., on April 6th, 1965. (1965)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 4 (1965), S. 327-332 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Butadiene ; Oligomers ; Catalysis ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A number of new catalyst systems based on transition-metal compounds have been developed for the oligomerization and co-oligomerization of butadiene. These catalysis promote dienylations and the formation of other C—C linkages, and make possible the synthesis of new open-chain and cyclic compounds from butadiene.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196503271
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Function of the promotors in the Technical Ammonia CatalystPublished on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of the establishment of Badische Anilin- & Soda-Fabrik AG., on April 6th, 1965. (1965)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 4 (1965), S. 341-347 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Promotors ; Catalysis ; Ammonia synthesis ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: An attempt is made to give a phenomenological description of the relationships between the catalytic activity and the distribution of the promotors in the reduced ammonia catalyst. Investigations were carried out on series of catalysts whose compositions were gradually brought closer to that of technical ammonia catalysts by the addition to iron of one new activator (Al2O3, K2O, CaO, MgO, SiO2) at a time.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196503411
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Proton Transfer, Acid-Base Catalysis, and Enzymatic Hydrolysis. Part I: ELEMENTARY PROCESSESPart II (Catalytic Mechanisms) will appear shortly in this journal.Dedicated to Dr. W. Foerst on the occasion of his 65th birthday (1964)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 3 (1964), S. 1-19 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Proton transfer ; Catalysis ; Enzyme catalysis ; Hydrolysis ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The proton occupies a special position as a promoter and mediator in chemical reactions occurring in solution. Many reactions in organic chemistry are catalysed by acids or bases; likewise, most enzymes contain active groups which promote acid-base catalysis. To understand the reaction mechanisms involved, it is necessary to identify the elementary steps as well as their course in time. Systematic investigation of these elementary steps as well as their course in time. Systematic investigation of these elementary steps has become possible only with the development of new methods for studying very fast reactions. The present paper reviews the information obtained in this type of investigation. The result is a relatively complete picture of the elementary proton transfer mechanisms and a comprehensive description of the modes and laws of acid-base and enzymatic catalysis.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196400011
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Coordination Chemistry and Catalysis. Investigations on the Synthesis of Cyclooctatetraene by the Method of W. Reppe (1964)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 3 (1964), S. 185-191 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Coordination modes ; Catalysis ; Cyclooctatetraenes ; Reppe chemistry ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The relationship between the structure and the catalytic activity of nickel(II) complexes in the synthesis of cyclooctatetraene by the method of W. Reppe is discussed. The cyclotetramerization of acetylene takes place within labile Ni(II)-acetylene π-complexes. Inhibition tests have made it probable that four molecules of acetylene are grouped around the nickel ion in the transition state, in a configuration which favors the formation of the eight-membered ring.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196401851
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Mechanism of the Action of Organometallic CatalystsDedicated to Prof. Dr. Karl Winnacker on the occasion of his 60th birthday. (1964)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 3 (1964), S. 93-101 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Organometallic catalysts ; Catalysis ; Reaction mechanisms ; Lithium ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Kinetic investigations of the polyreaction of isoprene with organolithium compounds as initiators in n-heptane as solvent indicate the following sequence of reactions: 1. formation of an adduct between a monomeric form of the organolithium compound and the isoprene and 2. reaction of this adduct with an associated form of the organolithium compound with insertion of the isoprene. The adduct formation is considered to be due to chemisorption, and proof of such chemisorption of a monomer (ethylene) is also demonstrated for a homogeneous Ziegler-type catalyst. All the reactions can be formulated in the form of cyclic structures with electron-deficient character. Postulation of such ring structures explains the surprising values obtained for the frequency factors and equilibrium constants.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196400931
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Oxidation of Olefins with Palladium Chloride Catalysts (1962)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 1 (1962), S. 80-88 
    Details
    ISSN: 0570-0833
    Keywords: Oxidation ; Palladium ; Catalysis ; Alkenes ; Chemistry ; General Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The oxidation of olefins to carbonyl compounds with palladium compounds, especially the oxidation of ethylene to acetaldehyde, is at present carried out on a technical scale. The reaction takes place via a palladium-olefin complex, the formation of which is inhibited by halide ions. Hydrolysis to the carbonyl compound is inhibited by hydrogen ions. The knowledge gained by studying the reaction of olefins with pure solutions of palladium salts allows important conclusions to be drawn concerning the action of technical catalyst solutions containing copper and palladium chloride.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.196200801
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