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  • 1975-1979  (366)
  • 1920-1924
  • 1976  (366)
  • Chemical Engineering  (366)
  • 101
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Finite element analysis of calendering (1976)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 16 (1976), S. 712-719 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The general equations describing the flow of Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids in the gap of two calender rolls were simplified by making use of the lubrication approximation. The resulting equations were solved by the finite element method. The results are in excellent agreement with existing analytical solutions for Newtonian fluids. New results were obtained for pressure, velocity profiles and sheet thickness of non-Newtonian fluids for symmetric and asymmetric calendering (different roll diameters, different roll speeds). The solution of this problem demonstrated the great possibilities offered by the finite element method in solving Theological problems of practical significance, particularly whenever complicated wall boundaries or free surfaces are involved.
    Additional Material: 16 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760161010
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  • 102
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1976)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 16 (1976) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760161101
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  • 103
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Non-isothermal rheological response in melt spinning and idealized elongational flow (1976)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 16 (1976), S. 735-741 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Almost all polymer processing operations involve moving and shaping the polymer as a melt and then cooling it, usually quite rapidly, to a solid state. In order to develop models for such processes we have begun systematic studies in non-isothermal rheology; here we interpret the results in the context of melt spinning. Theoretical predictions of stress vs distance from the spinneret were calculated from generalized (non-isothermal) viscoelastic theory and compared with Dees' melt spinning data on high density polyethylene. Despite certain experimental and theoretical difficulties, the agreement is good. Surprisingly, an additional theoretical curve, based on a simple Trouton viscosity, also gave a reasonable approximation over much of the distance, despite the transient nature of the flow. To understand this phenomenon further, a more tractable theoretical problem was studied in detail; the problem, of constant elongational flow (Ė = constant) in the presence of a constant rate of temperature change (dT/dt = constant). The results depend on two dimensionless groupings; the first is the usual product of a relaxation time and Ė; the second involves the ratio of normalized dT/dt to Ė. When the second group is large, a quasi-viscous state exists. The melt spinning data for the HDPE may be near this state.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760161105
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  • 104
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A method for the rapid processing of thermoplastic articlesPortions of this paper were presented November 6, 1975 at a symposium sponsored by the MIT-Industry Polymer Processing Program. (1976)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 16 (1976), S. 841-846 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A new method for increasing the productivity of molded polymeric articles and a new kind of molding material are described. This process eliminates the heating and cooling time associated with the conventional injection molding process. Polymeric granules with heterogeneous dielectric loss characteristics are used so that during dielectric heating the surfaces of the granules melt and fuse. During cooling, the heat flows from the shell of each granule to the core, rendering the article rigid almost immediately. An analysis is done which shows that this process is feasible. Based on the analytical results, the material requirements are specified. Experimental results confirm the theoretical predictions and the viability of the basic concept. Heating and cooling are accomplished in a time period of the order of 1 sec.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760161213
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  • 105
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Open cell poly(vinyl chloride) foams by mechanical frothing of plastisolsTaken from A. H. Calcuttawala's M. S. thesis in Plastics. Paper presented at SPE ANTEC April 28, 1976. (1976)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 16 (1976), S. 821-822 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: PVC plastisols were formulated with silicone surfactant, mechanically shipped to form froths, and oven-fused to form open-cell foams. These were much softer than conventional chemically-blown foams which contain mixtures of open and closed cells. Increasing plasticizer content and decreasing foam density also had the expected softening effects on foam properties.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760161208
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  • 106
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Impact strength of polymers: 1. The effect of thermal treatment and residual stress (1976)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 16 (1976), S. 74-81 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The effect of thermal annealing and quenching on the notched Izod impact strength of several polymers has been studied. Primary emphasis was placed on polycarbonate, but ABS, PVC, polysulfone, and polymethylmethacrylate were also studied. It was determined that residual stresses created by thermal quenching from above the glass transition temperature can have a great effect on impact strength for the polycarbonate, PVC, and polysulfone polymers studied. In fact, it is shown that the thickness transition observed in impact strength for polycarbonates is governed by the residual stresses and not by thickness. In polycarbonates, quenched sheets up to 3/8 in. in thickness have shown impact strengths of 18 ft-lb/in. whereas sheets 1/8 in. in thickness can be embrittled by annealing, showing an impact strength of 2 ft-lb/in. However, it has been shown that this embrittlement results from the absence of residual stress. Residual stresses having maximum values up to 3000 psi (in Compression) have been determined at the polycarbonate sheet surface using birefringence measurement techniques. The existence of these compressive stresses is postulated to restrict the extent of craze growth at the notch tip, and the impact specimen can yield rather than fail in a brittle manner if the stress state is sufficient.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760160203
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  • 107
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1976)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 16 (1976) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760160301
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  • 108
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Uni- and biaxial stretching of chlorinated pvc sheets. A fundamental study of thermoformability (1976)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 16 (1976), S. 93-100 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Chlorinated PVC is superior to unmodified PVC as a thermoplastic for use in thermoforming, especially if improved heat resistance and dimensional stability are required. In the present report, results tire given of a fundamental experimental study on the thermoformability of CPVC sheets obtained by calendering various formulations based on CPVC resins with at least 65 percent chlorine content. Extensibility as well as the relationship between stress and strain in uni- and biaxial stretching have been determined as a function of temperature and rate of stretching by means of specially devised, highly instrumented laboratory equipment. Stress-strain relations under isothermal conditions and at constant strain rate are compared for the two modes of stretching, and the difference in behavior between PVC and CPVC, particularly with regard to the effect of temperature, is emphasized. Internal stresses frozen in during cooling, following rapid stretching at appropriate thermoforming temperatures, have been determined by means of a detailed analysis of retractive force measurements. The relationship between internal stress and molecular orientation is discussed as well as the effect of the latter parameters on various properties of technological interest: dimensional stability, impact resistance, and gas permeability.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760160206
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  • 109
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A study of chain addition polymerizations with temperature variations: II. Thermal runaway and instability - a computer study (1976)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 16 (1976), S. 101-116 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A computer study was made to determine the thermal ignition criteria and ignition boundaries for chain-addition polymerization in a well-mixed batch system using a simple kinetic model. The occurrence of thermal runaway was shown to be a function of initiator type, feed conditions, and heat transport parameters. It was found that thermal runaway does not occur early with respect to monomer and initiator conversions and that for strongly dead-ending systems, the sensitivity characteristic of ignition disappears. The role of various dimensionless parameters in characterizing reaction behavior is also discussed.
    Additional Material: 25 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760160207
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  • 110
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A study of chain addition polymerizations with temperature variations: III. Thermal runaway and instability in styrene polymerization - an experimental study (1976)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 16 (1976), S. 117-123 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Thermal runaway arid parametric sensitivity were experimentally demonstrated in styrene polymerizations. Ignition boundaries were established for several initiator concentrations and a dimensionless boundary plotted. Runaway sensitivity was shown to disappear under specific conditions.
    Additional Material: 17 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760160208
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  • 111
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of molecular weight on the physical and mechanical properties of ultra-drawn high density polyethylene (1976)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 16 (1976), S. 200-203 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A study has been made on the effects of molecular weight on the physical and mechanical properties of cold-extruded high density polyethylene. Prior data indicate that such ultra-drawn strands contain a significant fraction of extended-chain crystals. Four samples, spanning the molecular weight range of 59,000 to 147,000, were cold-extruded under the same conditions and were examined with respect to their melting point, degree of crystallinity, linear expansion coefficient, Young' modulus, strain to break, and tensile strength. The degree of crystallinity, linear expansion coefficient, and modulus did not change significantly with molecular weight. The melting point, strain to break, and tensile strength do increase with increasing molecular weight. This leads to the conclusion that the amount of extended-chain crystals is invariant with molecular weight. Higher molecular weight polymers are seen as providing a greater number of the chains, thus giving the fiber a higher tensile strength.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760160313
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  • 112
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An experimental study of the kinetics of polymer crystallization during shear flow (1976)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 16 (1976), S. 189-199 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Some principles of rheology are applied to the study of the shear-induced crystallization of molten polymers. A new technique is described for measuring crystallization kinetics during isothermal flow at constant shear rate in a parallel plate rheometer. The crystallization rate is characterized by the time elapsed from the start of shearing until the rise in melt viscosity due to crystallization. The measured-viscosity and induction time for crystallization are shown to be independent of sample geometry. Kinetic data are presented for crystallization of three linear polyethylenes at shear rates of 0.03 - 30 sec-1. It is shown that shear flow has a strong accelerating effect on crystallization when the deformation rate exceeds a critical value. Comparison of results for the different polyethylenes reveals that higher molecular weight materials crystallize faster at a given shear rate and temperature. Finally, shear-induced crystallization of propylene polymers is shown to be unaffected by the presence of either a carbon black additive or a heterogeneous nucleating agent. It is concluded that the hydrodynamic origin of the shear-induced crystallization is elastic chain extension due to entanglement couplings between molecules. Furthermore, it is suggested that transient orientation effects during the startup of shear flow may have a dominant influence on the observed phenomena.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760160312
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  • 113
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The morphology of fibrous polymeric crystals formed isothermally in stationary shear fields (1976)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 16 (1976), S. 212-216 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A discussion is presented of the morphology of the fibrous crystals, shish kebabs, produced in an initially simple shear flow. When the crystallizable Component of the fluid is sufficiently dilute one usually finds along the stream line at the end of the large scale fibrous crystal, a continuation of that structure which consists of an extremely fine sequence of morphological entities. This fine row structure appears to have transverse dimensions comparable to and slightly greater than the resolution power of the transmission electron microscopical methods used in its observation.Certain tentative suggestions were made regarding the nature of the shish kebab morphology. These are based upon a loose application of general results in the field of irreversible thermodynamics. This leads to the suggestion that the morphological nature of the row structure which has been generally observed in fibrous crystallizations may find its explanation in the nature of the local manner in which the associated entropy production is balanced while preserving a global state of stationary deformation with its associated lack of global entropy production.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760160315
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  • 114
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1976)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 16 (1976) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760160401
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  • 115
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Flow-induced crystallization of polypropylene in stretched ribbons (1976)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 16 (1976), S. 217-221 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Ribbons of molten polypropylene have been extruded into a thermostatted chamber and subjected to elongations ranging as high as 4400-fold. Some of these ribbons have been shown to possess the unusual ability of recovering nearly all of the strain from large levels of stretch (≤100 percent). This property, as well as the magnitude of the tensile yield drop, has been found to be directly proportional to the uniaxial character of the flow present at the moment of crystallization. The structure in the final solid films has been characterized by wide angle X-ray diffraction and crystal orientation distribution. Both of these factors have been found to be proportional to the character of flow at the moment of crystallization. Finally, the temperature in the thermostatted chamber has been shown to affect the character of the flow.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760160316
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  • 116
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Recycling of thermoplastic waste: Phase equilibrium in polystyrene-PVC-polyolefin solvent systems (1976)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 16 (1976), S. 246-251 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The contribution of plastics to the total amount of waste produced is increasing significantly. Not only do plastics present disposal difficulties, but traditional disposal techniques constitute a waste of valuable resources. A process to recycle plastic waste economically would provide an attractive solution to both problems. Approximately 70 percent of the U.S. plastics production is comprised of only three families of plastics; polyethylene, PVC and polystyrene. Mixtures of these three polymers invariably have poor properties because of their thermodynamic incompatibility, so a recycle scheme will have to achieve separation into nearly pure components. A process is proposed which takes advantage of the thermodynamic incompatibility of polymers in solution to effect such a separation. The equilibration of a simulated waste mix containing 4 parts polyolefin (polyethylene and polypropylene), 1 part polystyrene and I part PVC was investigated in a variety of solvents at total polymer concentrations of up to 15 percent, in the temperature range 115 to 125°C, using differential refractometry. In an 85 percent xylene, 15 percent cyclohexanone solvent, the polyolefins (polypropylene and the various densities of polyethylene) coexisted in a single phase, but the three phases obtained - polyolefin, polystyrene and PVC - routinely contained 99 + percent pure polymer, indicating that excellent separations of the major thermoplastic components of a waste mix can indeed be obtained.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760160405
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  • 117
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of reinforcement type on the mechanical properties of polypropylene composites (1976)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 16 (1976), S. 252-256 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The possible reinforcing effects of six different types of filler particles on composites based on the thermoplastic polypropylene have been examined. It is found that significant increases in elastic modulus and tensile strength can be obtained by addition of ≥ 10 percent by volume of glass fibers. Ceramic whiskers, based on alumina and silicon carbide, also lead to increases in modulus but to decreases in strength and ductility. Additional measurements were made with composites prepared from two sizes of spherical glass beads and from carbon spheres. For the glass beads, an increase in modulus was obtained but strength and elongation to fracture decreased. Carbon spheres were ineffective as a reinforcing agent. The possible effects of nonuniform mixing, of size and shape of filler particles, and of surface coatings are discussed.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760160406
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  • 118
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rotational molding heat transfer - an update (1976)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 16 (1976), S. 257-264 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: In earlier works, a complicated circulation model was chosen to describe heat transfer to powder in a rotating mold. In order to satisfy the model, an experimentally-determined empty mold temperature response was used. An alternate heat transfer model, in which the powder is assumed to be in static contact with the mold surface at all times, shows significant temperature deviation from the earlier model. The predicted time for complete sinter-melting is much closer to earlier experimental data than the predicted times from the circulation model. The melting time is seen to follow the form given by the Goodman penetration model. Complete heating and cooling profiles are more easily generated using this static model, and a new interpretation of the air cooling step in the heat transfer cycle results.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760160407
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  • 119
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    Effects of oven aging on ABS, poly(acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene) (1976)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 16 (1976), S. 265-269 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Tensile properties of injection and compression molded ABS, terpolymer of acrylonitrile, butadiene, and styrene, were measured as a function of aging time at 40 to 90°C. Both air and nitrogen atmospheres were employed to separate the oxidative and thermal effects. Results demonstrate that tensile elongation is drastically reduced by oven aging at 50 to 90°C, even when a nitrogen atmosphere is employed. Aging in air causes changes in the infrared spectra of ABS and these changes can he monitored in thick samples using the frustrated multiple internal reflection (FMIR) technique. The FMIR technique also provides information on the changes in polybutadiene distribution near the surface of molded parts. The loss of tensile elongation after oven aging is attributed to annealing of the glassy styrene-acrylonitrile matrix. This is supported by differential scanning calorimetry. The tensile elongation is found to he recoverable by reheating to processing temperatures.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760160408
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  • 120
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    A dynamic melting model for a single-screw extruderAbbreviated version of this paper was delivered at the conference on “Polymer Rheology and Plastics Processing” in Loughborough on September 17, 1975 (1976)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 16 (1976), S. 284-291 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A new theoretical concept is given which provides an efficient and consistent method for predicting flow and heat transfer characteristics of the melting zone for a large single-screw extruder. In contradistinction to previous, theories, significant melt accumulation in the molten films as observed experimentally is considered, instead of postulating the melt accumulation in the “melt pool”. The mathematical model has been obtained by the simultaneous solution of the momentum and energy equation of the melt flow and. solid bed, allowing for the existence of the pressure gradient: The theory is supplemented by a numerical example which shows good agreement with experimental data obtained on a 90 mm extruder with polypropylene, where the down-channel pressure profile and me profile of the solid bed Were taken as yardsticks for the melting process. For exact determination of the area for applicability of this theory, more experimental information is required.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760160411
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  • 121
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    Editorial (1976)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 16 (1976), S. 293-293 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760160502
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  • 122
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    Investigation of the Tll (〉Tg) transition in polystyrene by torsional braid analysis (1976)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 16 (1976), S. 357-360 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Investigation of the Tll (〉Tg) transition in amorphous poly-styrene by the technique of torsional braid analysis is reviewed. For the most part, the relaxation behaves like the glass transition (Tg) in its dependence on molecular weight, on average molecular weight in binary polystyrene blends, and on composition in a compatible plasticized system.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760160514
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    The modeling of molecular motions in crystalline polymers (1976)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 16 (1976), S. 365-370 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Regions in which the mechanical and dielectric properties of polymers change rapidly with temperature (transitions or relaxations) are supposed to be due to the onset of certain types of molecular motions. A precise description of these various molecular motions would be invaluable in the areas, of structure vs property relationships and the tailoring of polymers to end-uses. However, our knowledge concerning these motions is quite limited and qualitative at best. The biggest stumbling block has been an inability to test the consequences of proposed mechanisms in terms of experimentally observed quantities. The problem in many cases has not been a lack of adequate theory but rather an insufficiency of knowledge, appropriate for input into the theory, concerning the energetics of chain motions. However, in the past few years there has been considerable progress in studying chain energetics by means of conformational energy calculations (molecular mechanics). In the present paper, this work on crystalline polymers will be reviewed and some recent calculations which illustrate the present state of the art are discussed.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760160516
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  • 124
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    The mechanism of the stereoregular polymerization of 2-vinylimidazole and 2-vinylbenzimidazole (1976)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 16 (1976), S. 361-364 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Conformational energy calculations on poly(2-vinylimidazole) (PVI) and poly (2-vinylbenzimidazole) (FBI) indicated that the syndiotactic polymer would exhibit systematic intramolecular hydrogen bonding between side groups along the chain, while the isotactic polymers could not. This fact, together with our previous wor.k using solvent effects to produce highly syndiotactic poly(methacrylic acid) during radical polymerization, indicated that similar techniques could be applied in the radical polymerization, of 2-vinylimidazole and 2-vinylbenzimidazole. These mpnomers were polymerized over a wide temperature range using cobalt 60 gamma radiation as the initiator. The conditional probabilities obtained from NMR spectra of these polymers could be fit by second order Markov statistics (FBI) and extended second order Markov statistics (PVI). The difference reflects the effect of the bulkier benzimidazole side group. The nature of the conditional probabilities needed to fit the data for PVI suggest that the stereoregularity depended on the number of consecutive terminal r placements at the end of the growing radical. A marked solvent effect was observed was attributed to the hydrogen bonding strength of the solvent and its ability to disrupt the r directing polymer hydrogen bonding.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760160515
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  • 125
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    Masthead (1976)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 16 (1976) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760160601
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  • 126
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    Predictions of limiting mechanical performance for anisotropic crystalline polymers (1976)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 16 (1976), S. 371-387 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A four-stage synthesis of molecular, micromechanical, and macromechanical models is used to predict the dependence of the longitudinal and transverse Young's moduli and the axial and transverse shear moduli of anisotropic polyethylene on percent crystallinity and the state of molecular orientation. Variational methods are employed to establish the upper and lower limits for anisotropic elastic response. The difference between lower and upper bound limits is interpreted as the potential for improving mechanical performance. A modified form of the Tsai-Halpin equation is used to examine parametric ranging (via a contiguity factor, ξ) between the lower and Tupper bound limits. In this application, the contiguity factor is interpreted as a characteristic of the internal stress-strain distribution which is dependent upon the size, shape, packing geometry, and elastic properties of the crystalline and amorphous regions. The potential for achieving high modulus polymeric materials is illustrated by treating percent crystallinity, molecular orientation, and contiguity as materials design variables subject to control by processing conditions. Optimum property trade-offs, necessary for balancing the over all mechanical behavior of anisotropic materials, are illustrated through the control of orientation and contiguity, The theoretical predictions for the moduli of anisotropic polyethylene are in good agreement with values reported for material processed by traditional procedures as well as ultra-oriented polyethylene.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760160517
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  • 127
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    Antistatic polyphenylene oxide by surface sulfonation (1976)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 16 (1976), S. 389-393 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Polyphenylene oxide was surface-sulfonated with chlorosulfonic acid to provide antistatic properties. Optimal treatment time was shown to be 2-3 mins with a saturated solution of the acid in hexane or 25-30 mins using acid vapor-saturated air under the given experimental conditions at room temperature. Being sensitive to humidity, the resistivity of the treated surface was lowered to the magnitude of 107 to 108 ohm/square at 43 percent relative humidity and to 1011 at 10 percent relative humidity. The vapor phase method was found to be superior to the solution method with respect to the durability of the treated surface against water washing. Microscopic examination revealed extensive surface erosion by the solution treatment.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760160602
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  • 128
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    The development of an instrumented projectile impact test: Data glass-reinforced and impact-modified polypropylene (1976)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 16 (1976), S. 419-425 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Characteristics of several impact test methods in current use are discussed. The construction, operation and performance of an instrumented plate-projectile (IFF) impact tester is described. Force-strain curves, energies to any point in the test and failure modes may be inferred from the test data. Also, by inspection of the tested plate, one can see if there are cracks, blanching (development of microvoids) or ductile deformation. This inspection distinguishes between local and catastrophic failure - an important distinction in selection of materials for specific uses. There is reasonable correlation between values from notched Izod and IPP tests, with the latter somewhat more sensitive. Data illustrate the distinction between good and poor fiber-to-matrix coupling in reinforced polypropylene. Although there is some sacrifice of impact strength with improved fiber-matrix coupling, this is more than counteracted by the improvement in static strength and creep resistance. The data show that coupled glass-reinforced impact grade polypropylene exhibits an interesting balance of static to impact properties.
    Additional Material: 19 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760160607
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  • 129
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    Masthead (1976)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 16 (1976) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760160701
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  • 130
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    Computer-aided optimal melt screw designFirst presented at the University of Bradford/British Plastics Federation/Institution of Mechanical Engineers Conference at the University (if Bradford on Engineering Design of Plastics Processing Machinery, 17/18th April, 1974. (1976)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 16 (1976), S. 437-449 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The paper describes a computer software package applying a steady-state hill-climbing optimization routine to the plastics melt-extruder screw constrained-design problem. The purpose primarily is to introduce the optimal screw-design technique, to show how it is applied to this particular type of problem, to indicate its potential and to encourage its wider use. Screw performance criteria are defined by a theoretical model consisting of the non-Newtonian isothermal polymer flow equations in terms of the screw-geometric variables for particular process conditions. The design method is quite general however and a non-isothermal model may be substituted. Use of the method offers considerable scope and potential for the design engineer to make design processes faster, more positive and logical while reducing the effort required. Interactive use is possible and empirical adjustments can be incorporated with experience. In using the method, the design engineer first specifies the required process conditions of pressure and flow rate at the die and the computer then searches for the set of screw design variables which optimizes the screw power utilization efficiency or any other specified criterion of performance. Such optimal designs are obtained within the set limits of practical constraints on machine dimensions, screw strength and product quality requirements. Some experimental evidence is given relating to the accuracy of the isothermal non-Newtonian polymer flow model and to its use in the design of small diameter extruder screws. The optimal search technique offers considerable potential as a computer-based design tool.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760160609
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    Theoretical analysis of residence time distribution functions and strain distribution functions in plasticating screw extruders (1976)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 16 (1976), S. 450-462 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The residence time distribution (RTD) function in a single screw plasticating extruder was theoretically calculated. The calculation is based on the solids conveying, melting, and melt conveying models in extruders. The screw channel is divided into small axial increments and the path of each exiting fluid particle is followed from hopper to die. In addition to the residence times the total shear deformation or strain imposed on the fluid particles was also calculated. This together with the RTD function has led to the definition and calculation of the strain distribution function (SDF). This function is proposed for quantitative characterization of the mixing performance of screw extruders as well as other laminar mixers. Some simple idealized batch and continuous laminar mixers are analyzed in terms of the SDF. Finally, the effect of extruder operating conditions and screw design on the RTD and SDF were investigated by computer simulations.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760160610
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  • 132
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    Methods for predicting the thermal conductivity of composite systems: A review (1976)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 16 (1976), S. 615-625 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The thermal conductivity of a solid or gas filled polymer is used in processing or end use application calculations. Numerous theoretical and empirical correlations are found in the literature. A careful review of these models indictes that no one correlation or technique accurately predicts the thermal conductivity of all types of composites. The investigation indicated that for solid filled composites the Lewis and Nielsen equation fitted the experimental data best for the range of fillers tested. However, for a gas filled polymer, none of the theoretical models proved adequate. The semi-empirical approach of Harding showed considerable merit.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760160905
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  • 133
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    The mechanical behavior of polyarylsulfonePresented at the March Meeting of the American Physical Society, Denver, Colorado, 1975. (1976)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 16 (1976), S. 645-651 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A detailed study of the fracture behavior of polyarylsulfone was conducted over a temperature range of -175 to 120°C. Both fatigue crack propagation and fracture toughness tests were run as well as forced torsion pendulum tests to characterize the dynamic properties. The polymer exhibited a broad secondary loss peak and a high glass transition temperature at -110 and 295°C, respectively. Fracture toughness, KIC, and fatigue crack growth resistance were found to vary similarly with temperature, minima being observed near -50°C. Below that temperature, both a rise in toughness and in fatigue resistance is associated with the broad secondary loss peak. The slopes of the log fatigue crack velocity (da/dN) vs log stress intensity range (ΔK) curves varied from 2.6 to 13.2. Since the equation da/dN = α(ΔK)n described all of the data, the log-log slope or exponent, n = ∂ln(da/dN)∂ln ΔK, was considered as a stress intensity sensitivity index with respect to fatigue behavior. This index was at a maximum near -50°C, where the minimum in toughness occurred. A kinetic model was utilized to correlate the stress intensity sensitivity index and suggested that a single thermally activated mechanism controls the low temperature mechanical behavior of polyarylsulfone.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760160908
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    Electrostatic powder mixingPortions of this paper were presented November 6, 1975 at a symposium sponsored by the MIT-Industry Polymer Processing Program. An abbreviated version of this paper was presented at the 1976 Annual Technical Conference of the Society of Plastics Engineers, Inc. (1976)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 16 (1976), S. 657-663 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A device has been developed which uses electrostatic forces to mix powders. This mixer has no moving parts, and the mixture it produces approaches a perfect mixture whereas mechanical devices can at best produce a random mixture. The device is described, as are experiments which exhibit its operation. Also included are a mathematical model describing the behavior of the device, suggestions for scale-up procedures, and h discussion of some closely related concepts of mixing.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760161002
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  • 135
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    Parametric concepts in liquid rotational molding (1976)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 16 (1976), S. 680-686 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A description of the fluid mechanics and the energy transfer mechanisms present in a liquid rotational molding system is discussed. A simplified model assuming the liquid can be drawn off in a continuous layer over the mold surface was assumed. For the case of a negligible energy of reaction, a closed form analytical solution has been developed. The effects of mold composition and polymer thickness on the heating and cooling cycles have been analytically determined. The more complex problem, which includes the energy of reaction, has been solved for a representative case.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760161005
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    New techniques for mixing viscous reacting liquids. Part I. Mechanical means to improved laminar mixingPortions of this paper were presented November 6, 1975 by the symposium sponsored by the MIT-Industry Polymer Processing Program. An abbreviated version of this paper was presented at the 1976 Annual Technical Conference of the Society of Plastics Engineers, Inc. (1976)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 16 (1976), S. 664-671 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: A discussion of the basic mechanisms and governing laws for liquid mixing is used to motivate new design concepts for more efficient mixing equipment. In this part of the paper, the use of V-grooves in the inner cylinder of a concentric cylinder mixer is examined. The purpose of the grooves is to induce vortex-like motions in the fluids in order to overcome the negative effects of interface orientation on mixing performance. Results show that the grooves are efficacious in increasing the effectiveness of the mixer. Descriptions of the experimental and analytical work done to characterize the design and to prove its efficacy are presented in detail. Scale-up parameters are also discussed.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760161003
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  • 137
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    Solubility of gases and liquids in molten polystyrene (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 117-122 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Experimental solubility data have been obtained for sixteen organic solutes in molten polystyrene by a gas chromatographic procedure for temperatures from 408° to 503°K and pressures to 4 atm. The effects of diffusion and adsorption of the solute on the substrate were considered. The Henry's law constants resulting from this study and those obtained by other investigators were related to the reduced temperature. The effect of pressure on the Henry's law constants is also discussed, and a relationship is presented for the heat of solution.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220114
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  • 138
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    Transient diffusion in solids with a bipore distribution (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 147-152 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Transient diffusion of n-butane, iso-butane, and 1-butene in synthetic CaX(Na) spherical pellets is studied in a constant volume, well-stirred system. The intracrystalline diffusion coefficients are in the order of 10-14 cm2/s, and the activation energy is about 7.0 Kcal/g-mole. Experimental data agree well with a mathematical model developed to describe transient diffusion.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220118
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  • 139
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    Convective instabilities in porous media with through flow (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 168-174 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The stability of a thermally stratified, saturated porous media through which mass is being ejected is considered theoretically. The stability parameter is a flow modified D'Arcy-Rayleigh number and is a function of a single scalar variable, the dimensionless through-flow strength. Results of both linear and energy theory are given, and it is seen that the fluid can lose stability by either a buoyantly driven mode or by a continuous analogue of the Saffman-Taylor mode.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220121
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  • 140
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    Optimal feedback control of time-delay systems (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 140-147 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The suboptimal control policy obtained from series expansion of time-delay terms is useful when the delays are small. The second method involving direct search on the constant gain matrix is applicable even for large delays. Both of these proposed methods are computationally simple and lead to easy implementation in practice.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220117
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  • 141
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    Multipass flow distribution and mass transfer efficiency for distillation plates (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 153-158 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A new model for predicting the hydrodynamics, flow distribution, and mass transfer efficiency of multipass distillation trays is presented. Separate submodels apply to two-, three-, and four-pass trays, which may be any type of cross flow tray with downcomers: sieve, valve, or bubble cap.It was found that the liquid/vapor flow ratio in one pass of a poorly designed multipass tray can be several times that in adjacent passes, and that the mean tray efficiency of such a tray is substantially less than the optimum possible. It is shown that multipass trays can be designed with essentially perfect flow distribution and optimum (maximum) overall tray efficiency.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220119
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  • 142
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    An interferometric technique for the study of steady state membrane transport (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 175-182 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A membrane wedge interferometer was designed for obtaining steady state mass transfer data on liquid-membrane-liquid systems. Procedures were developed for analyzing the diffusive transfer process, and experiments were conducted on the ethyl alcohol-water-cellophane membrane system to obtain the type of data needed for elucidating mechanisms of membrane transport. The proposed technique provides an accurate method of studying membrane transport without the troublesome complications which characterize other methods.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220122
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  • 143
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    Flow through permeable beds consisting of layers of different size spheres (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 194-196 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220127
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  • 144
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    A simple method of calculating effectiveness factors for heterogeneous catalytic gas-solid reactions (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 192-194 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220126
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  • 145
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    A mechanism supported by extensive experimental evidence to explain high heat fluxes observed during nucleate boiling (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 246-252 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This paper attempts to elucidate the mechanism responsible for high heat transfer rates occurring in nucleate boiling when liquid films exist on the heating surface. High-speed cinematography and simultaneous transient surface temperature measurements provide a basis for describing the mechanism. In a liquid film, bubbles grow and detach rapidly. The film is quickly renewed. A liquid microlayer exists beneath a bubble its entire life. Conditions are very favorable for rapid evaporation from the microlayer so that heat transfer is rapid. A number of independent observations by other investigators working on diverse problems are cited in support of the mechanism.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220204
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  • 146
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    A multicomponent film model incorporating a general matrix method of solution to the Maxwell-Stefan equations (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 383-389 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Convenient expressions for calculating multicomponent gas phase mass transfer coefficients and transfer rates are obtained by use of an exact matrix method of solution to the Maxwell-Stefan equations. The results are seen to be exact matrix analogues of classical binary relations and may also be applied as an approximation to describe liquid phase transport.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220222
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  • 147
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Performance of rotary flow cyclones (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 394-398 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: An analysis of the operation of the rotary flow cyclone suggests that no dust below 1μ will be captured in this equipment under normal operting conditions, and that performance will not deteriorate with the use of a dirty secondary flow. Experimental data support these conclusions.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220224
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  • 148
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Calculation of supersaturation ratios of flue gas scrubbing slurries (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 403-405 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220228
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  • 149
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comparison of enthalpy prediction methods (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 409-411 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220231
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  • 150
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transport through a growing boundary layer to a permeable wall (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 407-409 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220230
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  • 151
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enhancement and effectiveness factors in gas-liquid absorbers and reactors (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 604-607 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220331
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  • 152
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Principles of microbe and cell cultivation, S. John Pirt, Halsted Press, Division of John Wiley and Sons, New York, 274 pages, $34.00 (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 621-621 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220342
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  • 153
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The steady and unsteady state analysis of a simple gas centrifuge (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 564-568 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The operating theory of the gas centrifuge is developed under both steady and unsteady state behavior. It is shown that countercurrent flow patterns in a gas centrifuge enhance the possible separation. The effect of self-diffusion of the gaseous mixtures is shown to be significant with low molecular weight gases but of less significance with heavy gases such as uranium isotopes. The time required to develop steady state pressure and concentration profiles is in the order of minutes, even with no net flow to and from the machine.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220321
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  • 154
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The fluid mechanics and heat transfer of injection mold filling of thermoplastic materials (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 661-669 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: For injection flow of thermoplastic material in thin cavities, with some minor restrictions, both pressure and stream function obey Laplace equations. An analytical-numerical method, with a generalized viscous model used, is developed for determining the shape of a progressing flow front and for computing flow quantities and temperature distributions. Specifically, flows in a rectangular cavity are solved and compared to experiments.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220405
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  • 155
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Global minimization of a cooled reactor by using a posynomial lower bounding function (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 685-691 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The cost of a reactor-heater system with an auxiliary cooler can have at least two local minima and a local maximum, with respect to the design variables: temperature and extent of reaction. This cost can be bounded below by a unimodal function which, being a posynomial (a sum of power functions), can be minimized efficiently by geometric programming. Construction of this lower bounding function is not obvious, since the cost involves both a definite intergral and economies of scale.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220409
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  • 156
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of surfactant on the terminal and interfacial velocities of a bubble or drop (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 695-701 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Stream functions are dervied for a spherical droplet in creeping flow with an arbitary surface tension gradient at its interface. The stream functions are used to show theoretically that the terminal velocity is reduced and that the interfacial velocity is retarded, especially near the rear of the droplet, when a trace of surfactant is present in the exterior phase and when surface aging is controlled by diffusion.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220411
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  • 157
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    Electronic Resource
    An examination of the adaptive random search technique (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 744-750 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Random search procedures have recently been successfully applied to the optimization of a variety of chemical engineering problems, including optimization of chemical processes by flow sheet simulation. These procedures represent the independent variables as random variables described by probability distributions. The adaptive random search procedure centers the distribution for each variable about the best search point found and examines this region for a better point. Thus, this technique has the ability of continuously moving the search region toward the optimum, which is particularly advantageous in following constraints.This study examines the efficiency of the adaptive random search technique as applied to six different problems, which have been previously solved by various other techniques.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220417
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  • 158
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of rectilinear rivulet flow (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 772-779 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A liquid flowing over a nonwettable surface can form rivulets of various types. The regime of rectilinear rivulet flow plays a key role in that it provides the basis for the study of the other regimes.An analytical solution for the velocity distribution of rectilinear rivulet flow down a vertical plate is derived. A generalized Ritz-Galerkin method is used to obtain a polynomial solution for the case of an inclined plate.These results, unlike those of previous authors, enable one to calculate all the rectilinear flow properties of rivulets over the complete range of practical interest.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220422
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  • 159
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    Electronic Resource
    On the extension of the model of matrix acid stimulation to different sandstones (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 799-805 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A model was developed for the acidization of various sandstone cores which successfully describes the flow and reaction in the porous media during acidization. A comparison of the experimental results of various investigators shows excellent agreement with the results predicted by the authors with the model.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220426
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  • 160
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Errata (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 814-814 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220435
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  • 161
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Shear viscosity of native and enzyme hydrolyzed amioca starch pastes (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 832-840 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Shear viscosity of an Amioca starch paste undergoing hydrolysis by immobilized α-amylase is shown to follow a power law behavior. The power law constants are uniquely related in a way which reduces the power law to a dimensionless form, a result previously reported only for retrograding starch and coagulating milk. The concept of a total hydrodynamic volume [Amioca starch molecules (amylopectin) plus associated immobilized liquid] is extended to concentrations above the dilute solution regime. A molecular interpretation is proposed for the shear viscosity behavior of Amioca starch pastes vs. extent of starch hydrolysis.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220504
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  • 162
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Flows of nonlinear fluids through porous media (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 736-744 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The conventional “cylindrical tube” model of porous media is shown to be inapplicable to flows of nonlinear fluids. A more precise geometric description of the converging-diverging pore geometry appears to enable accurate pressure drop-flow rate descriptions but requires further development.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220416
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  • 163
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sorption of oxygen, nitrogen, carbon monoxide, methane, and binary mixtures of these gases in 5A molecular sieve (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 753-759 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Equilibrium data for the sorption of oxygen, nitrogen, carbon monoxide, and methane in 5A molecular sieve are analyzed in terms of a simple theoretical model isotherm. The model provides an excellent correlation of the single-component isotherms over the entire concentration range, and it is shown that equilibrium data for sorption of binary mixtures of these gases are correctly predicted by the model using the parameters (Henry constants and molecular volumes) derived from analysis of the single-component isotherms. The model predicts that mixtures of two sorbates with equal molecular volumes should show approximately ideal solution behavior in the adsorbed phase. The experimental data of Lederman for the sorption of nitrogen-methane mixtures show the expected behavior over a wide range of pressures.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220419
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  • 164
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Design of an lonic lattice for optimum cation diffusion (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 785-794 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Varying the species and/or distance parameters of a lattice changes the activation energy of a particular species diffusing through it, thus allowing transport properties to be optimized. As an example, the activation energy of silver ions in α-silver iodidelike structures was calculated as lattice properties were changed.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220424
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  • 165
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    Electronic Resource
    A mixture theory formulation for particulate sedimentation (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 938-940 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220524
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  • 166
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    Electronic Resource
    The effect of cross sectional pore shape on knudsen diffusion in porous materials (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 942-944 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220526
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  • 167
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    Electronic Resource
    Computer aided data book of vapor-liquid equilibria, M. Hirata, S. Ohe, and K. Nagahama. Copublished by Kodansha limited, Tokyo, and Elsevier scientific Publishing Company, Amsterdam, Oxford, and New York, 1975, 933 pages + index, $64.75 (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 957-957 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220532
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  • 168
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    Errata (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 960-960 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220537
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  • 169
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Letters to the editor (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 959-960 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220536
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  • 170
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    Pump handbook, I. J. Karassik, W. C. Krutzsch, W. H. Fraser, and J. P. Messina. McGraw-Hill, New York, 1,102 pages, 1,008 illustrations, $34.50 (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 1156-1156 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220632
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  • 171
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    Electronic Resource
    An analysis of carrier facilitated transport in heterogeneous media (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 1125-1132 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A theoretical model is developed for steady state diffusion in reactive heterogeneous media in which simultaneous reversible chemical reactions occur between diffusible carrier species and the transported species. The heterogeneous systems analyzed are those for which one phase is dispersed as uniform spheres in a second continuous phase, and either or both phases may be reactive. The results have a simple physical interpretation in terms of additivity of resistances. The theory is applied to oxygen diffusion in blood.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220625
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  • 172
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    Electronic Resource
    High peclet number mass transfer to a sphere in a fixed or fluidized bed (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 1147-1150 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220629
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  • 173
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    Electronic Resource
    Dynamics and control of continuous distillation units, O. Rademaker, J. E. Rijnsdorp and A. Maarleveld, Elsevier, Scientific Publishing Company (1975), 726 pages, $58.50 (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 1156-1156 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220633
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  • 174
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    A model for predicting flow regime transitions in horizontal and near horizontal gas-liquid flow (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 47-55 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Models are presented for determining flow regime transitions in two-phase gas-liquid flow. The mechanisms for transition are based on physical concepts and are fully predictive in that no flow regime transitions are used in their development. A generalized flow regime map based on this theory is presented.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220105
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  • 175
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    Electronic Resource
    The stability of a vertical flow which arises from combined buoyancy modes (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 94-102 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: We consider a mass transfer induced buoyancy force, superimposed on a thermally induced one, in a flow generated adjacent to a vertical surface. Flow and stability were investigated for a Prandtl number of 0.7; for Schmidt numbers of 2.0, 0.94, and 0.2; and for different magnitudes of the buoyancy effects.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220111
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  • 176
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Secondary nucleation of ice in sugar solutions and fruit juices (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 131-140 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: From thermal response measurements, ice nucleation rates in distilled water, sugar solutions, and fruit juices were determined for a stirred, batch-seeded crystallizer. High resolution thermometry permitted use of initial sub-coolings between 0.01° and 0.2°K. Nucleation increased with approximately the second power of subcooling. Applications to freeze concentration are considered.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220116
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  • 177
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    Electronic Resource
    Oxidation of acetic acid solutions in a trickle-bed reactor (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 159-168 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Rates of oxidation of dilute, aqueous solutions of acetic acid were measured at 252° to 286°C and 67 atm in liquid full and trickle-bed reactors packed with ferric oxide catalyst particles. Predicted global rates and conversions indicated that localized vaporization and liquid channeling could affect trickle-bed performance.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220120
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  • 178
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prediction of transport processes within porous media: Diffusive transport processes within anisotropic or isotropic swarms of nonspherical particles (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 182-188 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The effects of particle shape and orientation upon diffusive transport processes occurring within unconsolidated porous media are investigated analytically. By means of a generalization of an earlier presented geometric model, diffusivities are predicted for both anisotropic systems (represented by swarms of aligned oblate or prolate spheroids) and isotropic systems (represented by swarms of randomly orientated spheroids). Theoretical predictions are compared with experimental data reported in the literature.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220123
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  • 179
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Errata (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 203-207 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220139
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  • 180
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surface reaction with combined forced and free convection (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 252-259 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The influence of combined forced and free convection on the surface reaction of a laminarly flowing species in a rectangular channel is studied. The free convective motion, which is superimposed upon the main axial flow, arises from a transverse density gradient produced by the release of a reaction product, or heat, at the channel wall. A numerical stream function-vorticity method is employed to solve the three-dimensional conservation equations in the case of large Schmidt number. Effects of aspect ratio, diffusivity ratio, surface reaction rate, and Rayleigh number upon the overall reactant conversion rate and local Sherwood number are examined. Reasonable agreement is obtained with experimental data for a hydrochloric acid-calcium carbonate surface reaction.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220205
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  • 181
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Constitutive equation for vapor drift velocity in two-phase annular flow (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 283-289 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A constitutive equation for a vapor drift velocity which specifies the relative motion between phases in the drift flux model is developed for two-phase annular flows. The constitutive equation is derived by taking into account the interfacial geometry, the body force field, and the interfacial momentum transfer, since these macroscopic effects govern the two-phase diffusions. A comparison of the model with three sets of experimental data obtained over a wide range of flow parameters shows a satisfactory agreement.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220210
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  • 182
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fluid and particle entrainment into vertical jets in fluidized beds (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 315-323 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The flow of particles and fluid in the vicinity of vertical jets in fluidized beds was studied by using a two-dimensional bed of lead shot fluidized by water. It was found that both interstitial fluid and solid particles are entrained into the jet as it expands and penetrates into the bed. An approximate mathematical model is developed to describe the particle and fluid flow fields observed experimentally; from this, an expression is derived for rates of entrainment into vertical jets in fluidized beds, and a model is postulated for the flow fields around grid jets.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220214
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  • 183
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mathematical models of the monolith catalytic converter: Part I. Development of model and application of orthogonal collocation (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 331-343 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The orthogonal collocation method is applied to solve the mathematical model of a monolith catalytic converter, in which the reaction takes place in a porous catalytic layer deposited on the wall of a tube. A sequence of models is developed, with the most complicated one involving transient heat and mass transfer in three dimensions.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220216
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  • 184
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Digital monitorina and estimation of polymerization reactors (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 361-369 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A free-radical polymerization with kinetic equations taking into account monomer, polymer, and solvent transfer and initiation, termination, propagation, and inhibition reactions was studied both experimentally and by simulation to determine the performance of various Kalman filters, with feasible measurements used.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220219
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  • 185
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Models for flow systems and chemical reactors, C. Y. Wen and L. T. Fan, Marcel Dekker, Inc., New York, 581 pages. $29.75 (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 412-412 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220233
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  • 186
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Handbook of plastics and elastomers, Charles A. Harper, Editor-in-Chief, 1024 pages, 525 Illustrations, McGraw-Hill Book Company, $39.50 (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 413-413 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220236
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  • 187
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Letters to the editor (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 415-415 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220239
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  • 188
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A dual functional solid liquid separation process based on filtration and settling (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 433-441 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The dual functional filter combines both the mechanisms of filtration and settling or decantation. The combined mechanisms of separation permit very high degrees of sludge dewatering; for example, slurries containing 0.2 wt. % gelatinous particles have been dewatered to produce a sludge of 35 wt. % particles. A mathematical model which includes both the effects of axial (vertical) variation of pressure driving force and cake compressibility effects is used in conjunction with experimental data to evaluate the dual functional filter performance.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220304
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  • 189
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lagrangian simulation of dispersion in turbulent shear flow with a hybrid computer (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 449-455 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Two-dimensional turbulent diffusion is modeled with a generalized Langevin equation. Instantaneous velocities are simulated by using white noise filtered to simulate turbulence. By generating fluctuating signals that are partially correlated, it is possible to model diffusion for a turbulent shear field. The result show that the dispersion is independent of shear for long and short diffusion times but depend strongly on shear for intermediate times.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220306
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  • 190
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Handbook of enzyme biotechnology, Alan Wiseman, Editor. Ellis Horwood, Publisher. Chichester, Great Britain (Distributed by Wiley). 275 pages. $45.00 (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 411-412 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220232
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  • 191
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fluid-bed heat transfer, J. S. M. Botterill, Academic Press, New York, New York (1975). 299 pages, $23.75 (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 413-413 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220235
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  • 192
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rheometry, K. Walters, Wiley, New York (1975) 278 pages $32.00 (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 414-414 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220238
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  • 193
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220301
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  • 194
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Trajectory analysis of deep-bed filtration with the sphere-in-cell porous media model (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 523-533 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: This paper presents a model for the initial particle deposition in a deepbed filter with a sphere-in-cell porous media model used. The analysis includes all the relevant mechanisms, and the results indicate that deposition occurs under favorable surface interactions. A semiempirical expression relating collection efficiency and operating parameters is presented.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220316
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  • 195
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Capture of small paramagnetic particles by magnetic forces from low speed fluid flows (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 569-575 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: High gradient magnetic separators are able to capture small, dilute, paramagnetic particles from high velocity fluid flows. Capture cross sections are computed and correlated with dimensionless groups for a bare ferromagnetic collector.
    Additional Material: 15 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220322
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  • 196
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Catalyst effectiveness factors for complex reaction mechanisms (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 593-594 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220326
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  • 197
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development and application of a simulation model for three-phase distillation (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 582-589 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The model of the multicomponent, multistage distillation column has been extended to three coexisting phases. The new model contains the well-known modeling equations of the two-phase distillation column as a special case. The versatility of the new simulation model is demonstrated with practical distillation problems.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220324
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  • 198
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mass transfer to drops moving through power law fluids in the intermediate reynolds number region (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 484-490 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The mass transfer rate to fluid spheres is calculated for power law and Newtonian fluids by using the intermediate Reynolds number stream functions of Nakano and Tien (1970) and Yamaguchi et al. (1974), respectively. The Sh increases with increases in Re and Pe and decreases in n. Better results are obtained with Nakano and Tien's functions when Re 〉 10 and with Yamaguchi's functions when Re 〈 10.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220311
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  • 199
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A model for the residence time distribution of liquid phase in trickle beds (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 612-615 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220334
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  • 200
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Filtration post-treatment processes, Richard J. Wakeman, American Elsevier Publishing Company, New York, 1975, $18.75 (1976)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    AIChE Journal 22 (1976), S. 620-621 
    Details
    ISSN: 0001-1541
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aic.690220339
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