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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 619 (1993), S. 1530-1542 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Chromium oxide ; chemical vapour transport ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On the Chemical Transport of Cr2O3 with Cl2 and with HgCl2  -  Experiments and Model CalculationsThe migration of Cr2O3 in a temperature gradient (1 000°C → 900°C) in the presence of low concentrations of chlorine and water (from the wall of silica ampoules) is a result from the endothermic reactions (1) Cr2O3,s + H2Og + 3 Cl2,g = 2 CrO2Cl2,g + 2 HClg (2) Cr2O3,s + 1/2 O2,g + 2 Cl2,g = 2 CrO2Cl2,g With higher concentrations of chlorine, the transport reaction is (3) Cr2O3,s + 5/2 Cl2,g = 3/2 CrO2Cl2,g + 1/2 CrCl4,g The gas phase of the transport system Cr2O3/Cl2 can be reduced step by step by adding small amounts of chromium, so that CrCl3 and finally also CrCl2 become more important. Further, at a lower ratio n°(Cl)/n°(Cr) three transport reactions have to be taken into consideration; with the participation of CrOCl2,g (5).(4) Cr2O3,s + 9/2 CrCl4,g = 3/2 CrO2Cl2,g + 5 CrCl3,g (5) Cr2O3,s + 3 CrCl4,g = 3 CrOCl2,g + 2 CrCl3,g (6) Cr2O3,s + H2,g + 4 HClg = 2 CrCl2,g + 3 H2Og The reactions (1), (2) and (6) become possible through the cooperation of two transport agents at a time. The migration of Cr2O3 with HgCl2 can also be described with reactions (1) - (3). The decomposition of HgCl2 Produces the small chlorine pressure for the transport reaction. The oxidation potential of the transport agent HgCl2 is too low for the oxidation of CrIII to CrVI.
    Notes: Cr2O3 wandert bei Zugabe von Chlor im Temperaturgefälle von T2 = 1 000°C nach T1 = 900°C im Falle niedriger Transportmitteldichten und der Anwesenheit von H2O (aus der Ampullenwand) über die endothermen Transportgleichgewichte (1) Cr2O3,s + H2Og + 3 Cl2,g = 2 CrO2Cl2,g + 2 HClg (2) Cr2O3,s + 1/2 O2,g + 2 Cl2,g = 2 CrO2Cl2,g und bei höheren Transportmitteldichten über: (3) Cr2O3,s + 5/2 Cl2,g = 3/2 CrO2Cl2,g + 1/2 CrCl4,g Durch Zusatz von elementarem Cr zum Transportsystem Cr2O3/Cl2 läßt sich die Gasphase schrittweise reduzieren, sodaß CrCl3 und schließlich auch CrCl2 an Bedeutung gewinnt. Mit abnehmendem Verhältnis n°(Cl)/n°(Cr) sind drei weitere Transportgleichgewichte zu berücksichtigen; dabei tritt auch CrOCl2,g auf: (4) Cr2O3,s + 9/2 CrCl4,g = 3/2 CrO2Cl2,g + 5 CrCl3,g (5) Cr2O3,s + 3 CrCl4,g = 3 CrOCl2,g + 2 CrCl3,g (6) Cr2O3,s + H2,g + 4 HClg = 2 CrCl2,g + 3 H2Og Die Reaktionen Gl. (1), (2) und (6) werden durch das Zusammenwirken von jeweils zwei Transportmitteln („Transportmittelkombination“) ermöglicht. Der Transport von Cr2O3 mit HgCl2 ist ebenfalls auf Gl. (1) - (3) zurückzuführen; die in diesem Fall niedrigeren Cl2-Partialdrücke liefert der thermische Zerfall von HgCl2. Das Oxidationsvermögen des Transportmittels HgCl2 reicht nicht aus, um CrIII zu CrVI zu oxidieren.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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