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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differences in Bone Resorption after Menopause in Japanese Women with Normal or Low Bone Mineral Density: Quantitation of Urinary Cross-Linked N-Telopeptides (1998)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 62 (1998), S. 395-399 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Key words: Type I-N-telopeptides — Bone resorption — Bone mineral density — Menopause — Osteoporosis.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. The objective of this study was to examine the value of NTx, a urinary cross-linked N-telopeptides of type I collagen, as a marker of bone resorption. We assessed changes in pre- and postmenopausal bone resorption by evaluating the correlation of NTx with L2–4 bone mineral density (BMD) in a total of 1100 Japanese women, aged 19–80 years [272 premenopausal (45.2 ± 6.2 years) and 828 postmenopausal (59.5 ± 6.2 years)]. Postmenopausal women were divided into three groups based on the range of BMD (normal, osteopenic, and osteoporotic). Within each group, subjects were further segregated according to years since menopause (YSM). NTx values were then evaluated for each group. Our results showed that BMD was significantly decreased (P 〈 0.05) and NTx was significantly increased (P 〈 0.01) after menopause in age-matched analysis. Consistent with a previous report, NTx was inversely correlated with BMD for the entire cohort of study subjects (r =−0.299), although NTx correlated better with premenopausal than postmenopausal BMD (r =−0.240 versus r =−0.086). This may have been due to the fact that elevated values of NTx were exhibited over the entire range of BMD present in the postmenopausal women, suggesting that NTx might respond faster to the estrogen withdrawal than BMD. In all postmenopausal women, regardless of the range of BMD, the increase in NTx reached a peak within 5 YSM. After 11 YSM, however, NTx remained elevated in the osteoporotic group but it decreased in the osteopenic group, and showed no significant change in the group of postmenopausal women with normal BMD. These findings suggest that bone resorption is dramatically increased within 5 years after menopause but remains increased only in osteoporotic women.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002239900451
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Heterogeneity in Serum Osteocalcin N-Terminal Fragments in Paget's Disease: A Comparison with Other Biochemical Indices in Pre- and Postmenopause (1998)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 63 (1998), S. 459-465 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Key words: N-terminal osteocalcin — Heterogeneity — Paget's disease — Bone turnover — Pre- and postmenopause.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. An osteocalcin (OC) nitrogen (N)-terminal sandwich enzyme immunoassay that employs anit-N-20 (amino acids 1–20) polyclonal and monoclonal antibodies has been developed. This assay has demonstrated the existence of a heterogeneity in the OC N-terminal fragments observed in the serum of a patient with Paget's disease and a normal child. The elevation of the serum OC N-terminal value that occurs in Paget's disease was considered to be comparable to the serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) elevations that also occur. The size of the peaks corresponding to N-terminal OC fragments in Paget's serum decreased 3 months after bisphosphonate treatment. Serum levels of OC N-terminals, and other biochemical indices, were determined for 67 premenopausal and 181 postmenopausal Japanese women. Serum OC N-terminal levels increased significantly (41.2%) in postmenopausal women compared with age-matched premenopausal women. These results strongly suggest that serum OC N-terminal levels reflect bone turnover rates when bone resorption is dominant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002239900558
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural Modifications of the Extracellular Matrix Upon Calcification of Growth Plate Cartilage as Revealed by Quick-Freeze Deep Etching Technique (1998)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 63 (1998), S. 47-56 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Key words: Deep-etching replica — Reticular structure — Matrix vesicle — Cartilage matrix — Calcifying cartilage.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. The ultrastructural changes in cartilage matrix that occur during calcification have been examined in chick epiphyseal growth plate cartilage prepared by quick-frozen, deep-etched, and rotary shadowed replicas. The extracellular cartilage matrix contains a reticular network closely associated with an extensive network of collagen. The components of the reticular network, including thick and thin filaments, are attached directly to the cell membrane, matrix vesicle membrane, and collagen fibrils. This network, which interconnects the matrix vesicles and collagen, fills the extracellular matrix. The dimensions of the reticular network seem to remain almost constant in size from the reserve and proliferative zones to the calcifying zone. The collagen fibrils seem to consist of subfibrillar structures that branch and anastomose. In optimally quick-frozen, deep-etched, prepared collagen, a cross-banding pattern was exposed. Globular structures stud the collagen fibrils, which gradually diminish in number from the reserve zone down to the calcifying zone. The matrix vesicles, when fractured, showed a granular appearance. In most cases, the fracture plane passed through the bilayer of the matrix vesicle membrane. The true surface of the matrix vesicle membrane, therefore, was exposed after deep etching. At the calcifying zone, crystal deposition had occurred in needle-like and/or plate-like form within the membrane-bound matrix vesicles. The reticular network was still intact in the vicinity of the calcified matrix, but in the intercrystalline space, neither the reticular structure nor the globular structure was detectable. Within the calcified matrix, both reticular and granular structures had disappeared from the interfibrillar space of the collagen fibrils.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002239900488
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An unusual presentation of congenital infantile myofibromatosis arising from the interspinous ligament (1998)
    Springer
    Pediatric surgery international 14 (1998), S. 138-139 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-9813
    Keywords: Key words Myofibromatosis ; Fibromatosis ; Soft-tissue tumor ; Interspinous ligament ; Magnetic resonance imaging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The authors describe an extremely rare presentation of congenital infantile myofibromatosis. A full-term newborn boy presented with a thumb-sized subcutaneous mass on the mid-spinal line between the 2nd and 3rd lumbar spinous processes. A solid tumor arising from the interspinous ligament was resected. Microscopic and immunohistochemical studies revealed myofibromatosis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003830050463
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pseudodirect biexcitons in GaAs/AlAs type-II superlattices (1995)
    Springer
    Il nuovo cimento della Società Italiana di Fisica 17 (1995), S. 1629-1633 
    Details
    ISSN: 0392-6737
    Keywords: III–V semiconductors ; Excitons and related phenomena (including electron-hole drops) ; III–V compounds and systems ; Conference proceedings
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Summary We report on the biexciton formation of the pseudodirect exciton consisting of the AlAs-X z electron and the GaAs-Γ heavy hole in (GaAs) m /(AlAs) m type-II superlattices withm=10, 12, and 13 monolayers. The photoluminescence lineshape of the pseudodirect exciton exhibits a doublet feature having an energy separation of ∼3 meV at the excitation power of the order of mW/cm2 in all the samples, and the low-energy band grows superlinearly. The transient profiles of the doublet photoluminescence band early indicate the biexciton formation: the delay of the rise of the biexciton photoluminescence on the low-energy side and its shorter decay time in comparison with the exciton photoluminescence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02457255
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Urinary biochemical markers for bone resorption during the menstrual cycle (1995)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 57 (1995), S. 100-104 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Type I-N-telopeptides ; Menstrual cycle ; Pyridinolines ; Bone resorption ; Hydroxyproline
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract In order to analyze the effects of serum ovarian steroid hormones on bone metabolism during the menstrual cycle, we have measured urinary levels of type I collagen cross-linked N-telopeptide (NTx), hydroxylysylpyridinoline (HP), lysylpyridinoline (LP), and hydroxyproline (OH-Pr) in nine healthy Japanese women, aged 22–43 years, with normal ovarian function. The cycles were synchronized by serum LH peaks, and follicular and luteal periods were normalized by lengths. Serum gonadotropins and ovarian sex steroids showed significantly different cyclic variations during the menstrual periods. Urinary NTx remained unchanged during the early follicular period, showed a rise during the mid- and late follicular period, and a fall during the mid- and late luteal periods. There were significant differences in NTx levels between early follicular period and midfollicular period (P〈0.01), or late follicular period (P〈0.05), and between early luteal period and late luteal period (P〈0.05). The levels of HP and LP showed a rise during the early and midfollicular periods and a fall during the midluteal period. The correlation of NTx with urinary OH-Pr was better than with urinary HP or LP (r=0.731 versus r=0.449 or r=0.634). This variation suggests that cyclic changes in serum ovarian sex steroids might modulate bone resorption markers during the menstrual cycle.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00298428
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Purification and Characterization of Bone-Specific Alkaline Phosphatase from a Human Osteosarcoma Cell Line (1998)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 62 (1998), S. 67-73 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Key words: Bone-specific alkaline phosphatase — Purification — Saos-2 cell — Serial lectin affinity chromatography.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. Bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (bone ALP) levels are considered to reflect osteoblastic activity and can therefore be used as a marker of bone formation. However, bone ALP is difficult to distinguish from other ALP isoforms since the kidney, liver, and bone isoenzymes are encoded by the same gene and only differ because of post-translational modification of their carbohydrate side chains. The aim of this study was to purify and separate bone ALP which could be used to raise specific antisera against human bone ALP, from Saos-2, a human osteogenic sarcoma cell line. The procedure involved two steps. The first step, cultivation of 105 Saos-2 cells, yielded approximately 1 U ALP. Subsequent butanol extraction achieved 1.82-fold purification. For the second step, separating bone ALP, we used serial lectin affinity chromatography to distinguish between the carbohydrate side chains of the various ALP isoforms. A sample of the butanol extract was fractionated into three peaks (I, II, and III) by concanavalin A. Peaks II and III were subsequently identified as types IIa and IIIb bone ALP using pea lectin and wheat germ agglutinin columns, respectively. The specific activity of bone ALP was measured using commercial kits. Since bone ALP accounted for at least 84% of the total ALP activity after the final separation, this method appears more convenient and reproducible than others using bone or Pagetic sera. The bone ALP purified in this study could be used to raise monoclonal antibodies against bone-specific ALP.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002239900396
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