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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (25)
  • 1990-1994  (10)
  • 1985-1989  (12)
  • 1975-1979  (3)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 75 (1994), S. 2105-2109 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The radiative transitions of (100)- and (311)A-oriented three-step asymmetric coupled quantum wells in an electric field are studied by photoluminescence. Four distinct transitions are observed in the spectra which exhibit remarkably complex energy shifts with the applied field. It is shown that these transitions originate from the two pairs of spatially direct and indirect heavy-hole excitons in the three-step quantum well and that their electric-field dependence is dominated by the conversion of the direct into the indirect excitons and vice versa. Furthermore, we discuss the effects of the nonconventional crystal orientation and show that substantial modifications of the basic electro-optical properties can be achieved from internal piezoelectric fields incorporated within the structure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 75 (1994), S. 3654-3661 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The scaling limit of current semiconductor devices is thought to be about 100 nm. To reduce the size of devices beyond this point will probably require a new device technology. The metal single-electron transistor, using the Coulomb blockade effect, has been proposed as a replacement for semiconductor devices. Recently devices of this kind with potentially useful properties have been fabricated. The scaling of such devices down to atomic dimensions is investigated to see if they can compete with semiconductor logic or analog devices. It concentrates on the operation of a single device and not on the effects of integration. Until now such models for the single-electron transistor have assumed that the capacitance and conductance of the various junctions can be chosen independently, but it is demonstrated that the physical geometry causes restrictions on these choices. A second restriction is that as the device is made smaller the capacitance drops. This means that the temperature of operation rises, but so do the voltages required across the device. A point is reached where these voltages exceed the breakdown voltage of the junctions. For this reason the devices cannot be scaled indefinitely. The model predicts that if the devices are to perform logic functions or analog amplification their maximum speed will be limited to between 1 and 10 ps, which is not a great improvement on semiconductors, especially since for ultimate speed such devices will need to be 100 times smaller. The operation of such high-speed devices will not be possible at room temperature. Operation at 77 K will be possible but very difficult, and with current lithography limits of 10 nm, operation of useful logic even at 4.2 K will be marginal. The model does not rule out the use of the single-electron transistor for other purposes, such as memory and sensitive electrometers, and a process is described for the fabrication of 50 nm devices using a minimum of processing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 59 (1986), S. 3417-3420 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Annealing behavior of secondary defects in 2-MeV boron ion-implanted (100) silicon has been investigated mainly through cross-sectional TEM observations. The maximum defect density is located at a mean depth of 3.2 μm from the surface and the location is 0.3 μm deeper than that of the projected range of boron ions. This defect position in the crystal is constant under all annealing conditions (e.g., a temperature range of between 700 and 1000 °C, annealing time of up to 6780 min at 1000 °C), although the vertical distribution width of defects changes with both annealing temperature and time.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 62 (1993), S. 2827-2829 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Picosecond luminescence studies on poly(p-phenylene vinylene) (PPV) and related compounds in the temperature range of 10–300 K are reported. We identify a fast nonradiative and considerably slower radiative recombination channel. The fastest decay is observed in PPV. In the phenyl substituted derivative poly(phenyl-p-phenylenevinylene) a significant contribution from a slow component (∼1.3 ns) is found. Dilution of the polymer in a blend leads to an increase of the contribution of the slow component. We attribute the fast decay to luminescence quenching due to energy dependent trapping of mobile excitations whereas the slow component reflects the radiative recombination.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 253 (1975), S. 905-915 
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Eine allgemeine Formel für die Hochfrequenz-Grenzviskosität von verdünnten Polymerlösungen wird abgeleitet.N Perlen miteinander verknüpft mitN-1-Bindungen werden als Modell einer Polymerkette verwendet und die Viskosität berechnet von der Summe der Reibungsverluste aller Perlen. Dabei wird angenommen, daß die Kette frei durchströmt ist und die interne Rotation um die Bindung eingefroren ist, sowie daß die Perlen sich durch hydrodynamische Kräfte unter gewissen geometrischen Spannungen bewegen. Die abgeleitete Formel zeigt Gleichheit zu dem frequenzunabhängigen Term in derErpenbeck-Kirkwood-Theorie für die Viskosität des gleichen Modells. Die Formel wird angewendet auf freibewegliche Ketten, und es wird gezeigt, daß die intrinsic-Grenzviskosität der Kette 2,51 mal größer ist als die eines individuellen Segments, welches aus einer Einzelbindung mit zwei Halbperlen an jedem Ende besteht. Dieses Ergebnis wird mit gegebenen experimentellen Daten für die Hochfrequenzviskosität von Poly-L-glutamatsäure im Zustand der stückweisen Helix und von Polystyrol im hochviskosen Zustand verglichen.
    Notes: Summary A general formula for the high-frequency limiting viscosity of dilute solution of polymers is derived.N beads successively connected withN-1 bonds are employed as the model of a polymer chain and the viscosity is calculated from the sum of frictional loss of each beads, assuming that the chain is free-draining, the internal rotation of the bonds is frozen and the beads move by the hydrodynamic force under some geometrical constraints. The derived formula proves to be equivalent to the frequency-independent term in theErpenbeck-Kirkwood theory on the viscosity for the same model. The formula is applied to a freely jointed chain and it is shown that the intrinsic limiting viscosity of the chain is 2.51 times as large as that of the individual segment which consists of a single bond with two half beads at each ends. This result is compared with existing experimental values of the high-frequency viscosity of poly(L-glutamic acid) in the broken helix state and polystyrene in a highly viscous solvent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Bulletin of environmental contamination and toxicology 22 (1979), S. 21-27 
    ISSN: 1432-0800
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: mdx mouse ; Cathepsin L ; Macrophages ; Muscle structural proteins ; Proteolysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The amounts of non-collagen proteins (muscle structural proteins) and the activity of creatine kinase were significantly decreased in muscles of 28-day-old mdx mice. The activities of lysosomal thiol proteases such as cathepsins B and L were increased in muscles of mdx mice at as early as 10 days of age. Endogenous thiol proteinase inhibitor and various lysosomal hydrolases also showed increased activities. The localization of cathepsins B, H and L, and endogenous thiol proteinase inhibitor was investigated using the respective specific antibodies. While only invading macrophages were stained strongly with anticathepsin B and H, and anti-thiol proteinase inhibitor antibodies, cathepsin L was localized in muscle cells as well as in invading macrophages. Cathepsin L in muscle cells itself may initially degrade muscle structural proteins, before lysosomal thiol proteases, mainly derived from macrophages, degrade them in skeletal muscles of mdx mice.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford [u.a.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 43 (1987), S. 1786-1788 
    ISSN: 1600-5759
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Radiation myelopathy ; MRI ; Gadolinium ; DTPA enhancement
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We described two cases of chronic progressive radiation myelopathy (CPRM), in which magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) was of great value for the diagnosis. Gadolinium-DTPA (Gd-DTPA) enhancement delineated precise lesions responsible for Brown-Séquard syndrome caused by CPRM in both cases. This safe, sensitive procedure will be a requisite study in patients who are suspected of CPRM.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of neurology 237 (1990), S. 310-312 
    ISSN: 1432-1459
    Keywords: Quadriceps myopathy ; Becker muscular dystrophy ; Dystrophin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A 26-year-old male with “quadriceps myopathy” is presented. He had a family history and only the bilateral quadriceps were wasted, without symptomatic weakness. The specimen of the muscle biopsy showed typical myopathic features without inflammatory reactions. The patchy defect of muscular dystrophin was proved by immunohistochemical study. Dystrophin analysis revealed abnormal 380 kDa dystrophin. Gene deletion was proved at exon 45–48 of Xp21 without frameshift. This case was considered to be a clinical variant form of Becker muscular dystrophy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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