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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 93 (1960), S. 2902-2915 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Imidazolide aromatischer Sulfonsäuren lassen sich mit nahezu quantitativen Ausbeuten aus freien Sulfonsäuren und N.N′-Carbonyl-di-imidazol oder aus Sulfonsäurechloriden und Imidazol erhalten. Die Aminolyse der Imidazolide führt in glatter Reaktion zu Sulfonamiden. Bei der Alkoholyse der Imidazolide wurde eine Reaktionsbeschleunigung durch katalytische Mengen Alkoholat oder Imidazo-natrium beobachtet, in deren Gegenwart die Umsetzung zu Sulfonsäureestern schon bei Raumtemperatur in wenigen Minuten beendet ist. - Äther vom Typ des Dibenzyl- und Dicinnamyläthers werden in guten Ausbeuten erhalten, indem man bei Raumtemperatur p-Toluolsulfonsäure-imidazolid im Mol.-Verhältnis 1:2 auf das betreffende Alkoholat einwirken läßt. - Die Umsetzung von Alkoholaten mit Sulfonsäure-imidazoliden läßt sich unter geeigneten Bedingungen auch zur N-Alkylierung des Imidazols verwenden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 94 (1961), S. 1621-1633 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Salze von Imidazolyl-(1)-phosphonaten (II) sind Phosphorylierungsmittel, ihre Reaktivität ist in starkem Maße abhängig von der Protonenkonzentration. Sie bilden mit Aminen Phosphorsäureester-amide, mit Alkoholen Phosphorsäurediester und mit Phosphorsäureestern asymm. Pyrophosphate. Die drei Reaktionsarten ließen sich auch mit dem Imidazolid der Adenosin-5′-phosphorsäure durchführen. Diimidazolyl-(1)-phosphinat (III) reagiert als bifunktionelles Reagenz beidseitig entsprechend zu Diamiden oder Diestern der Phosphorsäure bzw. zu P1.P3-Diestern (VII) der Triphosphorsäure. Die pH-Abhängigkeit der Hydrolyse von II und III wurde untersucht.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 96 (1963), S. 3374-3374 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 123 (1990), S. 523-533 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Hofman 1,6-elimination / Pyrazine derivatives / [2.2]Pyrazinophanes ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The title compounds 1-3 and their methyl derivatives 4-7 were synthesized 2,11-dithia[3.3]pyrazinophanes 24-26 or by Hofmann 1,6-elimination of the appropriate [(5-methyl-2-pyrazinyl)methyl]trimethylammonium hydroxides followed by dimerization of the generated 2,5-dihydro-2,5-dimethylenepyrazines. α-Chlorination of the methylpyrazines 8-10 with N-chlorosuccinimide gave the required precursors 11, 12, 14, 17 and 18. The results of the X-ray structure determinations for 1-4 and 7 which indicate an unequivocal isomer assignment are discussed with regard to steric strain in these molecules. The electronic spectra of the pyrazinophanes 7-7 are reported and compared with those of the parent methylpyrazines.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Photosynthesis models ; Photoinduced electron transfer ; Porphyrin-quinone cyclophanes ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: To study the structure dependence of photoinduced electron transfer between porphyrins and quinones the concept of a new family of porphyrin-quinone cyclophanes with vertical arrangements of porphyrin and quinone units is presented. The syntheses of the quinone-porphyrin-quinone cyclophane 1, the prototype of this series, and of the quinone-porphyrindonor cyclophanes 12 and 14 are described. Spectroscopic data are discussed with regard to the structures involved and in relation to electron-transfer reactions occurring in these systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Porphyrin-quinone cyclophanes ; Photoinduced electron transfer in porphyrin-quinone cyclophanes ; Absorption and emission spectra of porphyrin-quinone cyclophanes ; Redox potentials and electron transfer in intramolecular porphyrin-quinone systems ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Absorption and emission spectra of the doubly quinone-bridged porphyrin cyclophanes 1-4 with gradually varied acceptor strength as well as of the single-bridged analogues 5-9 and 10-13 are reported. Reduction and oxidation potentials of these intramolecular porphyrin-quinone systems have been determined. Based on these data, fluorescence quenching as well as time-resolved fluorescence lifetime measurements are discussed in terms of photoinduced electron transfer to the charge-separated zwitterionic state.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 127 (1994), S. 231-236 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Zinc porphyrin complexes ; Porphyrin-quinone cyclophanes ; Photoinduced electron transfer ; Electron-transfer mechanism in metalloporphyrin-quinone cyclophanes ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In order to increase the driving force for photoinduced electron-transfer reactions of porphyrin-quinone cyclophanes, the zinc complexes 3a-e and 4a-e were prepared from the corresponding cyclophanes of the 1 and 2 series. Electron-transfer-related properties like redox potentials and fluorescence spectra were determined for 3a-e and 4a-e. The X-ray structure analysis of 4a indicates that for the very fast and solvent-independent electron transfer in these systems a specific mechanism involving an interaction of a quinone carbonyl group with the zinc might be considered as an alternative to through-space electron-transfer.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Porphyrin-quinone cyclophanes ; Photoinduced electron transfer ; Porphyrin cyclophane syntheses ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: For studying intramolecular electron-transfer reactions, three groups of double- and single-bridged porphyrin-quinone cyclophanes 1-4, 5-9, and 11-14, resp., with gradual variation of quinone acceptor strengths were synthesized. As key intermediates for building up the porphyrin-cyclophane skeleton the correspondingly 3,6-substituted 1,4-bis[4-(2-formylphenyl)-butyl]-2,5-dimethoxybenzenes 15-20 were synthesized. Condensation with pyrrole yielded the doubly bridged porphyrin cyclophanes 42-45; via the bis(dipyrrolylmethyl) derivatives 46-51 and 64-67 the single-bridged porphyrin cyclophanes 58-63 and 72-75 were obtained by acidic condensation with triethyl formate. Cleavage of the methoxy groups and oxidation yielded the corresponding porphyrin-quinone systems. Some magnesium and zinc complexes of these cyclophanes are described. Spectroscopic data (MS, 1H NMR) are reported in support of the proposed structures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 127 (1994), S. 223-229 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Porphyrin-quinone cyclophanes ; Photoinduced electron transfer ; Absorption and emission spectra of porphyrin-quinone cyclophanes ; Photosynthesis models ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Syntheses and spectroscopic properties of the porphyrin-quinone cyclophanes 1, 2 and 3 of which structural and/or conformational studies have recently reported[1] are described. Physical properties related to photoinduced electron-transfer reactions like redox potentials, absorption and emission spectra were determined for these compounds.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Porphyrin-quinone cyclophanes ; Photoinduced electron transfer ; Porphyrin cyclophanes, conformational mobility of, crystal structures of ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In order to correlate photoinduced electron-transfer in porphyrin-quinone cyclophanes to specific molecular conformations, the internal mobility of single-and double-bridged porphyrin-quinone cyclophanes was studied by low-temperature 1H-NMR measurements. The dynamic processes observed are discussed in terms of N-H/N tautomerisation, of the rotation of the rings in the bridges, and of a specific “swinging bridge” process back and forth between two equivalent unsymmetrical conformations with a tilted orientation of the porphyrin and quinone ring planes. For comparison with the conformational situation in solution the results of X-ray structure analyses of 3(X=OMe) and 6, as representative examples of single-bridged quinone-porphyrin cyclophanes, and of the corresponding tetramethoxybenzene-bridged octamethylporphyrin cyclophane 4(X=OMe) are reported and discussed. In contrast to the previously solved crystal structure of the quinone-porphyrin-quinone cyclophane 1(X=H), all three X-ray structure analyses of the single-bridged porphyrin cyclophanes proved the existence of unsymmetrical, tilted-plane structures similar to those discussed as the stable conformations in the “swinging bridge” process.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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