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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (20)
  • Polymer and Materials Science  (10)
  • Life Sciences (general)  (6)
  • 15N  (4)
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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (20)
Material
Years
Keywords
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mineralization of soil organic nitrogen solubilized by aqua ammonia fertilizer (1996)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 23 (1996), S. 93-98 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Added nitrogen interaction ; Alkaline-hydrolysing fertilizer ; Aqua ammonia ; Gross N immobilization ; Gross N mineralization ; 15N ; Soluble organic N availability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Organic N solubilized by NH3(aq) was extracted from 15N-labelled or unlabelled soil, concentrated and added to non-extracted soil, which was incubated under aerobic conditions at 27±1°C. Gross N mineralization, gross N immobilization, and nitrification in soils with or without addition of unlabelled soluble organic N were estimated by models based on the dilution of the NH 4 + or NO inf3 sup- pools, which were labelled with 15N at the beginning of incubation. Mineralization of labelled organic N was measured by the appearance of label in the mineral N pool. Although gross N mineralization and gross N immobilization were increased in two soils between day 0 and day 7 following addition of unlabelled organic N solubilized by NH3(aq), there was no increase in net N mineralization. Solubilization of 15N-labelled organic N increased and the 15N enrichment of the soluble organic N decereased as the concentration of NH3(aq) added increased. A constant proportion of approximately one-quarter of the labelled organic N added at different rates to non-extracted soil was recovered in the mineral N pool after an incubation period of 14 days, and the availability ratios calculated from net N mineralization data were 1.1:1 and 2.1:1 for 111 and 186 mg added organic-N kg-1 soil, respectively, indicating that the mineralization of organic N was increased by solubilization.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00335824
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Biological interactions between soil nitrogen and alkaline-hydrolysing nitrogen fertilizers (1995)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 20 (1995), S. 41-48 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Added nitrogen interaction ; Ammonia fixation ; 15N ; Immobilization ; Fertilizer-induced solubilization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Added N interactions were measured in four soil incubated with 15N-labelled urea or diammonium phosphate. The use of biologically active, γ-irradiated, or reinoculated γ-irradiated samples allowed us to separate added N interactions due to chemical and biological processes, and to distinguish real interactions from apparent effects. Real biologically mediated added N interactions were observed in one soil for both fertilizer sources and in three soils amended with urea. These real interactions increased with the N fertilizer rate, but did not differ significantly between N sources. Fertilizer-induced unlabelled organic N in soil extracts declined during incubation in both sterile and non-sterile samples, but the temporal decline was higher in biologically active soil. Changes in fertilizer-induced unlabelled organic N in the extracts of three soils attributed to biological processes were similar to the measured real biologically mediated added N interactions. The results are consistent with the hypothesis that real biologically mediated added N interactions arise from the mineralization of soil organic N solubilized by alkaline-hydrolysing N fertilizers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00307839
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mineralization of soil organic nitrogen solubilized by aqua ammonia fertilizer (1996)
    Springer
    Biology and fertility of soils 23 (1996), S. 93-98 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0789
    Keywords: Key words Added nitrogen interaction ; Alkaline-hydrolysing fertilizer ; Aqua ammonia ; Gross N immobilization ; Gross N mineralization ; 15N ; Soluble organic N availability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Organic N solubilized by NH3(aq) was extracted from 15N-labelled or unlabelled soil, concentrated and added to non-extracted soil, which was incubated under aerobic conditions at 27±1°C. Gross N mineralization, gross N immobilization, and nitrification in soils with or without addition of unlabelled soluble organic N were estimated by models based on the dilution of the NH4 + or NO3 – pools, which were labelled with 15N at the beginning of incubation. Mineralization of labelled organic N was measured by the appearance of label in the mineral N pool. Although gross N mineralization and gross N immobilization were increased in two soils between day 0 and day 7 following addition of unlabelled organic N solubilized by NH3(aq), there was no increase in net N mineralization. Solubilization of 15N-labelled organic N increased and the 15N enrichment of the soluble organic N decereased as the concentration of NH3(aq) added increased. A constant proportion of approximately one-quarter of the labelled organic N added at different rates to non-extracted soil was recovered in the mineral N pool after an incubation period of 14 days, and the availability ratios calculated from net N mineralization data were 1.1:1 and 2.1:1 for 111 and 186 mg added organic-N kg–1 soil, respectively, indicating that the mineralization of organic N was increased by solubilization.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00335824
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Solubilization of soil organic N by alkaline-hydrolysing N fertilizers (1994)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 38 (1994), S. 131-139 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: aqua ammonia ; di-ammonium phosphate ; gamma-irradiated soil ; 15N ; organic matter solubility ; urea
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract Interactions between15N-labelled fertilizers applied at concentrations representative of the fertilizer microsite and the solubility of the nitrogenous component of soil organic matter were investigated in laboratory experiments. Soil organic N was solubilized in aγ-irradiated soil due to addition of NH3(aq), and the fertilizer-induced loss of unlabelled total N in the extracted soil (ΔTUs) increased with increasing N fertilizer concentration and soil pH. ΔTUs was linearly correlated with ammoniacal-N concentration and the pH of the fertilized soil within the range of 7.5-10 (r = 0.94). Total organic N in the soil extract (OTe) increased rapidly up to day 14 following addition of 2000 mg urea-N kg−1 soil, but was then stable up to day 28. OTe of a range of soils increased from between 5 and 148 to between 15 and 368 mg N kg−1 soil after application of 1045 mg NH3-N kg−1 soil. While up to 25% of the organic N was solubilized by the fertilizer in nine soils, the change in total organic N in the extracts (ΔOTe) of three soils was not significant. The highest ΔOTe of 399 mg N kg−1 soil (35.4% of soil organic N) was measured after application of 2000 mg NH3-N kg−1 soil. pH and ΔOTe decreased in the order of NH3(aq) 〉 urea 〉 di-ammonium phosphate 〉 ammonium sulphate at equivalent rates of N addition. A negative ΔOTe was measured following application of ammonium sulphate. ΔOTe was correlated with the pH of the fertilized soil but not ammoniacal-N concentration for different N fertilizer sources.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00748773
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electroinitiated polymerization of halophenols: Electroinitiation potential-lumo relations (1988)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part B: Polymer Physics 26 (1988), S. 2485-2498 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6266
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Electroinitiated polymerizations can be carried out by direct electron transfer via constant potential electrolysis.1-3 In doing so, the anodic (Ep, a) and the cathodic (Ep, c) potentials of the monomers must be measured by cyclic voltammetry. The cathodic peak potentials of halophenols were measured on Pt0 electrode versus Ag0/Ag+ in acetonitrile.Electroinitiated polymerization of bis(pyridine), bis(4-chloro-2,6-dibromophenoxide) copper (II) complex was studied in dimethylformamide-tetrabutylammonium fluoroborate by direct electron transfer from the cathode. Poly(phenylene oxides) obtained from the anolyte revealed that the monomer undergoes 1,2 as well as 1,4 addition reactions.Lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energies of the monomers were calculated by Hückel molecular orbital theory. The experimental Ep, c values were correlated to theoretical LUMO energies and electron densities using a multivariable linear regression model.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/polb.1988.090261207
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Infrared spectra of acrylonitrile grafted jute fibers (1989)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 38 (1989), S. 1951-1955 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1989.070381016
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Infrared spectra of jute stick and alkali-treated jute stick (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 42 (1991), S. 2943-2950 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Defatted jute stick was treated with sodium hydroxide solution (2% w/v) at ambient temperature (∼ 32∼C) and boiling water bath temperature (95-97°C). Infrared (IR) spectra of defatted jute stick and alkali-treated jute stick were studied. The IR spectra of the alkalitreated jute stick were conspicuous by the absence of the 1730 cm-1 band, as compared to that of jute stick. Another characteristic feature of the alkali treated jute sticks is the absence of the band at 1240 cm-1, which is replaced by the 1265 and 1225 cm-1 bands; other bands in the above samples also recorded significant changes.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1991.070421111
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Infrared spectra of jute stick treated with white-rot fungus (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 44 (1992), S. 1607-1613 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Jute stick was treated with white-rot fungus for incubation periods of 6 days (MBA) and 12 days (MBB). The infrared spectra of fungus treated samples (MBA and MBB) and control jute stick (MBC) were analyzed and compared. The bands attributed mainly to hemicellulose show an increase in absorbance intensity ratios (Aν/A2900) with increase of incubation time. Similarly the bands attributed to lignin show an increase in the absorbance intensity ratios with increase of incubation time. Increase in the intensity of 1635 cm-1 band with increase of incubation time was also observed.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1992.070440914
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Infrared spectra of jute stick bleached with sodium chlorite and hydrogen peroxide (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 43 (1991), S. 2187-2192 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Jute stick was bleached with sodium chlorite and alkaline hydrogen peroxide solutions. The infrared (IR) spectra of bleached samples and jute stick were analyzed and compared. The bleached samples were characterized by higher absorbance intensity ratios (Av/A2900) of the bands attributed to hemicellulose. Among the bleached samples the chlorite-bleached sample showed higher intensity for the bands mentioned. The bands attributed to lignin are either absent or very weak in the chlorite-bleached jute stick as compared to that of peroxide-bleached jute stick, although some residual lignin was present in the substrate. The 1635 cm-1 band attribute to the vibration of adsorbed water molecules in the noncrystalline regions in cellulose appears as a sharp peak in chlorite-bleached jute stick and as a shoulder in peroxide-bleached jute stick. This can be attributed to the difference in the nature of the two bleaching processes.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1991.070431205
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Infrared spectra of alkali treated jute stick (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 41 (1990), S. 329-336 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The infrared spectra of alkaline jute stick have been discussed and compared to that of untreated and control sample. A higher shift in the O—H and lower shift in the C—H stretching frequencies were observed in alkaline sample. The presence of a strong band at 1440-1430 cm-1 may be due to the coupling of COO- frequency with CH2 deformation frequency. The C—O stretching mode at 1240 cm-1 disappears on alkaline treatment with the formation of new peaks at 1265 and 1225 cm-1. The β-glucosidic band at 895 cm-1 is shifted to 880 cm-1 with doubled intensity in alkaline jute stick.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1990.070410125
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