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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (59)
  • Polymer and Materials Science  (56)
  • PACS. 42.50.Fx Cooperative phenomena; superradiance and superfluorescence - 03.65.Sq Semiclassical theories and applications  (2)
  • Best. von Phenol in Phenol-Formaldehyd-Kondensaten, Methylolphenolen, Phenoplasten  (1)
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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (59)
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  • 1
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 16 (1985), S. 31-38 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Contributions to the Study of the Corrosion on Models of the Alloy Steels for Plastic Processing MachinesThe corrosion on the alloy steels 9 S 20 K and 165 X CrMoV 12 during processing of glassfiber reinforced and non-reinforced plastic melts of styrene-acrylonitrile-copolymer, polypropylene, styrene-acrylonitrile-copolymer, polypropylene, styrene-acrylonitrile-butadiene-copolymer and polycarbonate were tested. The volatile compounds evolved during injection molding were condensed and analysed by means of gas-chromatography (GC), gas-chromatography-mass-spectroscopy (GC-MS) and nuclear-magnetic-resonance (NMR). They mainly consisted of hydrocarbons and monomers form the degraded plastics. Because of the absence of water, electrochemical corrosion need not be considered. A mechanism on the basis of chemical reactions between the polymer melt and the steel surface was considered to cause corrosion. By means of scanning electron microscopy differences in the surfaces of the steels corroded with different polymer melts could be observed. Analysis of the surfaces by secundary-ion-mass-spectroscopy (SIMS) resulted in changes being specific for the polymers. On all the corroded steel surfaces high spectral carbon intensities were detected compared with non corroded ones, as well as higher intensities for the steel compounds like chromium, manganese and vanadium. Chemical reactions of these compounds with the polymer melt were considered to cause changes in the lattices of the steel resulting in a change of the properties.
    Notes: Der Verschleiß an den Modellwerkzeugstählen 9 S 20 K und 165 X CrMoV 12 bei der Thermoplastverarbeitung wurde mit den Schmelzen von glasfaserverstärkten und unverstärkten Styrol-Acryl-nitril-Copolymeren (SAN), Polypropylen, Acrylnitril-Butadien-Styrol-Pfropfpolymeren (ABS) und Polycarbonat untersucht. Die beim Spritzgißen freigesetzten flüchtigen Substanzen wurden isoliert und mit Gaschromatographie (GC), Gaschromatographie-Massenspektrometrie (GC-MS) und Kernresonanzspektroskopie (NMR) charkterisiert; es handelt sich vorwiegend um Kohlenwasserstoffe und Monomere der Kunststoffrohstoffe. Aufgrund der nachweislichen Abwesenheit von Wasser kommt eine elektrochemische Korrosion nicht in Betracht, weshalb chemische Reaktionen vorwiegend zwischen Kunststoffschmelze und Stahloberfläche als Korrosionsursache angesehen werden müssen. Mit Hilfe von rasterelektronenmikroskopischen (REM) Untersuchungen wurden Unterschiede zwischen den mit verschiedenen Schmelzen korrodierten Stählen festgestellt. Untersuchungen der Metalloberflächen mit Sekundärionenmassenspektrometrie (SIMS) ergaben kunststoffspezifische Veränderungen. Auf allen korrodierten Stahloberflächen traten im Vergleich zu den unkorrodierten sowohl hohe spektrale Kohlenstoffintensitäten als auch verstärkte Signale von Verbindungen der Stahlbestandteile Chrom, Mangan und Vanadium auf. Die Reaktion dieser Bestandteile mit der Kunststoffschmelze kann als Ursache für Gitteränderungen im Stahl und die damit verbundenen Eigenschaftsänderungen betrachtet werden.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 16 (1985), S. 344-347 
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: ESCA-Studies on PA 6 and PA 6.6 Corroded Surface of CrMoV-SteelA CrMoC screw tip of an injection molding machine has been corroded during the processing of glassfibre reinforced polyamide and has been spectroscopically studied in order to determine the chemical modifications of the steel surface. Survey and depth profile ESCA spectra (Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis) from one segment of the screw tip were measured.In this way chemical changes due to the chemical reactions of polyamide melt with the steel surface up to 2-4 μm depth were determined. The depth and the typ on the surface modifications were found to depend on the corrosion environment (polyamide melt) and on the steel surface composition.The corrosion due to polyamide melt leads to impoverishment both of the chromium and of the manganese in the investigated depth (2-4 μm) of the steel surface.A demage of the extremely hard upperlayer (mainly consisting of Fe2B und FeB) occurs during the processing of the polyamide melt. An enrichment of carbon on the steel surface due to deposits of organic materials from the polyamide melt was found.
    Notes: Eine Spritzgießschneckenspritze aus CrMo V-Sonderstahl, die durch die Verarbeitung mit glasfaserverstärktem Polyamid korrodiert war, wurde spektroskopisch untersucht, um die chemischen Veränderungen auf der Stahloberfläche zu bestimmen. Von einem Segment dieser Spitze wurden mit ESCA (Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis) Übersichtsspektren und Tiefenprofile angefertigt.So werden chemische Veränderungen, hervorgerufen durch chemische Reaktionen zwischen der Polyamidschmelze under der Stahloberfläche, bis zu Schichttiefen von 2-4 μm nachgewiesen. Tiefe und Art der Korrosionserscheinungen sind vom Korrosionsmedium (Polyamidschmelze) und der Stahlbeschaffenheit abhänging.Die Polyamidschmelzekorrosion führt zur Verarmung sowohl von Chrom als auch von Mangan in den obersten Schichten.Die vorwiegend aus Fe2B (FeB) bestehende, besonders harte Oberflächenschicht wird durch die Verarbeitung der PA-Schmelze abgetragen. Es kommt zur Kohlenstoffanreicherung auf der Oberfläche durch Ablagerungen organischen Ursprungs aus der Polyamidschmelze.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 60 (1996), S. 981-990 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Brittle thermoplastics are hardened and embrittled by mineral fillers and softened and (sometimes) toughnened by elastomers. We investigated the possibility of combining these effects favorably in filled blends of a thermoplastic, polystyrene (PS); an elastomer, poly-butadiene (BR); and a filler, chalk. The success had to be measured in comparison to commercial high-impact polystyrene (HIPS) which is produced by in situ polymerization. At low concentrations of BR, simple blends of PS/BR are tougher than PS itself, but not considerably. This could be improved by adding chalk. The blends PS/BR/chalk feature a core-shell domain morphology, with BR enveloping chalk aggregates on the micrometer scale. At BR contents of less than 10 Vol %, the stress-strain behavior of the filled blends PS/BR/chalk compares well to that of HIPS. The blends exhibit multicrazing with char-acteristic patterns and can be easily without breaking. At higher BR contents, however, the blends go back to brittle failure. © 1996 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 18 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fresenius' Zeitschrift für analytische Chemie 294 (1979), S. 130-134 
    ISSN: 1618-2650
    Keywords: Best. von Phenol in Phenol-Formaldehyd-Kondensaten, Methylolphenolen, Phenoplasten ; Unterschiede Titration/GPC
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Zwischen den durch Titration und den aus Gel-Chromatogrammen bestimmten Gehalten an freiem Phenol in Kondensaten aus Phenol und Formaldehyd bestehen Unterschiede. Ursache dafür ist ein Anteil an methylolgruppenhaltigen monomeren Harzkomponenten.
    Notes: Summary There is a difference in the content of free phenol in phenol-formaldehyde resins determined by titration and calculated from GPC. This is caused by methylolgroup containing monomeric components in the resins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 2 (1998), S. 165-173 
    ISSN: 1434-6079
    Keywords: PACS. 42.50.Fx Cooperative phenomena; superradiance and superfluorescence - 03.65.Sq Semiclassical theories and applications
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract: A well known description of superradiance from pointlike collections of many atoms involves the dissipative motion of a large spin. The pertinent “superradiance master equation” allows for a formally exact solution which we subject to a semiclassical evaluation. The clue is a saddle-point approximation for an inverse Laplace transform. All previous approximate treatments, disparate as they may appear, are encompassed in our systematic formulation. A byproduct is a hitherto unknown rigorous relation between coherences and probabilities. Our results allow for generalizations to spin dynamics with chaos in the classical limit.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 3 (1998), S. 1-8 
    ISSN: 1434-6079
    Keywords: PACS. 42.50.Fx Cooperative phenomena; superradiance and superfluorescence - 03.65.Sq Semiclassical theories and applications
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract: The master equation for a damped spin well known from the theory of superradiance, is written as a finite-difference equation and solved by a WKB-like method. The propagator thus obtained looks like the van Vleck propagator of a certain classical Hamiltonian system with one degree of freedom. A new interpretation is provided of the temporal broadening of initially sharp probability distributions as the analogue of the spreading of the quantum mechanical wave packet.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 43 (1975), S. 125-143 
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: The photoinduced polymerization of methyl methacrylate in presence of 2,3-diphenylquinoxaline and 6-acrylamido-2,3-diphenylquinoxaline polymers is investigated. As photoexcited quinoxaline molecules are capable of hydrogen abstraction, which can be followed by hydrogen transfer, the formation of starting radicals in the considered system is referred to a hydrogen transfer from a H-donor to monomer molecules with monohydroquinoxaline radicals as transferring reagent. The polymerization mechanism based on this reaction is confirmed by endgroup analysis of the polymers and by the polymerization kinetics.
    Notes: Die photoinduzierte Polymerisation von Methylmethacrylat in Gegenwart von 2,3-Diphenylchinoxalin und 6-Acrylamido-2,3-diphenylchinoxalin-Polymeren wird untersucht. Aufgrund der Fähigkeit der Chinoxaline, als Wasserstoffüberträger zu wirken, wird angenommen, daß der Start der Polymerisation durch. Radikale erfolgt, die bei der Übertragung von Wasserstoff aus H-Donatoren auf Monomermoleküle entstehen. Dieser radikalische Polymerisationsmechanismus wird durch Endgruppenanalysen der erhaltenen Polymeren und durch die ermittelte Polymerisationskinetik gestützt.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 89 (1980), S. 111-125 
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Using suitable conditions of polymerisation low molecular weight PVC was prepared in CCl4 in the presence of isobutylen. The rate of thermal degradation increased as the molecular weight of the fraction decreased. The heat stability was less when dicyclohexylperoxodicarbonate was used instead of azoisobutyronitrile as an initiator. The substances with the lowest molecular weight were obtained as a colorless liquid by destillation of the polymerisation solvent at 90°C-110°C (10-4 Torr). The analysis of the products revealed the presence of structures which were not identical with those of PVC-homologues with low degree of polymerisation, but combination products of CCl4 and isobutylen.
    Notes: Unter geeigneten Polymerisationsbedingungen wurde niedermolekulares PVC in CCl4 in Gegenwart von Isobutylen hergestellt. Beim thermischen Abbau der fraktionierten, festen Anteile aus dem Polymerisationsansatz nimmt die Abbaugeschwindigkeit mit abnehmendem Molekulargewicht zu. Bei Verwendung von Dicyclohexylper-oxodicarbonat als Initiator gegenüber. Azoisobutyronitril verschlechtert sich die thermische Stabilität merklich. Die Substanzen mit dem niedrigsten Molekulargewicht wurden aus dem bei der Polymerisation verwendeten Lösungsmittel als farblose Flüsigkeit bei 90°C-110°C (10-4 Torr) destilliert. Es handelt sich hierbei jedoch nicht um PVC-Homologe mit niedrigem Polymerisationsgrad; vielmehr konnte mit spektroskopischen Methoden nachgewiesen werden, daß der Hauptanteil des erhaltenen Germisches eine Verbindung ist, die aus der Kombination von Tetrachlorkohlenstoff und Isobutylen entsteht.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Angewandte Makromolekulare Chemie 9 (1969), S. 186-189 
    ISSN: 0003-3146
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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