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  • Articles: DFG German National Licenses  (18)
  • Chemistry  (16)
  • Septic shock  (2)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Septic shock ; Cyclic GMP ; Guanylyl cyclase ; Human ; Atrial natriuretic peptide ; Vascular resistance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective To investigate the increase in plasma cyclic GMP (cGMP) concentrations in humans with hyperkinetic septic shock (SS) and to evaluate its relationship to low systemic vascular resistance (SVR). Design Prospective clinical investigation. Setting Medical intensive care unit of a university hospital. Patients 22 patients with documented SS requiring hemodynamic resuscitation, respiratory support and —in some cases — hemodialysis. Measurements and results Hemodynamic data were recorded at admission time and then twice a-day during the following 72 h. We simultaneously measured cyclic GMP, atrial natriuretic peptides (ANP), creatininemia and platelet counts. At admission time, higher plasma cGMP concentrations were observed in patients with SS (11.84±1.52 pmol·ml−1) than in healthy controls (1.77±0.18 pmol·ml−1,p〈0.0001), in septicemia patients without circulatory failure (3.28±0.36 pmol·ml−1,p〈0.005) or in patients with hyperkinetic non-septic shock (3.6±0.7 pmol·ml−1,p〈0.02). In contrast, there was no significant difference between patients with SS and controls with anuria from non-septic origin. Also ANP concentrations were higher in patients with SS than in others. In addition, cGMP levels correlated negatively with SVR during the first 48 h of the study, and positively with creatininemia later when renal function worsened. However, they did not correlate significantly with ANP. Conclusion These data demonstrate that a significant increase in plasma cGMP concentrations occurs during human SS and that it correlates with the decline in peripheral vascular resistance in the absence, but not in the presence, of severe renal failure. Furthermore, the increase in cGMP levels cannot be ascribed solely to enhanced ANP-induced particulate guanylyl cyclase activity. Thus, our results suggest the occurrence of another endogenous source of cGMP during hyperkinetic SS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Intensive care medicine 18 (1992), S. 309-311 
    ISSN: 1432-1238
    Keywords: Methylene blue ; Septic shock ; Human ; Multiorgan failure ; Nitric oxide
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We report the hemodynamic improvements induced by intravenous methylene blue (MB), a guanylate cyclase inhibitor, in 2 patients with hyperdynamic septic shock treated with norepinephrine (NE) infusion, mechanical ventilation an hemodialysis. MB injection augmented the low vascular resistance, mean arterial pressure and induced a slight decrease of cardiac index, without any change of heart rate and pulmonary artery wedge pressure. Plasma cyclic GMP levels decreased without a significant change of atrial natriuretic factor levels. MB (2 mg·kg−1) induced a longer lasting improvement of circulatory failure without deleterious side effects, but did not prevent the occurrence of delayed multiorgan failure or subsequent death. These data suggest that in patients, severe sepsis-induced loss of vascular responsiveness to NE involves activation of soluble guanylate cyclase, possibly stimulated by enhanced nitric oxide production. Furthermore, these observations support the concept that pharmacological blockade of guanylate cyclase may improve hemodynamics but not survival rates.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0933-5137
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Clad Metals for Electrical Engineering. Materials with optimum properties for conducting springs can be produced by cladding a metallic sheat of high electrical conductivity between two sheats of a metal with high stiffness.Using suitable cladding components, thermo bi metals with different electrical resistance can be produced without essential variation of deflection and force. With this it is possible, to use groups of devices with uniform mechanical construction for different currents, which means a good technical as well as economic solution.High prices of noble metal based contact materials have led to the production of contact bimetals some years ago. Inspite of higher production costs these materials can be used very economically.
    Notes: Durch geeignete Anordnung hochfester und hochleitfähiger Komponenten in einem Schichtverbundwerkstoff lassen sich Werkstoffe mit optimalen Eigenschaften für stromführende Federn herstellen. Durch Verwendung geeigneter Plattierungskomponenten können Thermobimetalle mit unterschiedlichem elektrischen Widerstand ohne wesentliche Veränderung der Ausbiegung und der Kraftwirkung hergestellt werden. Somit ist es möglich, Gerätegruppen mit gleichem mechanischen Grundaufbau für verschiedene Stromstärken zu verwenden und damit technisch und wirtschaftlich günstige Problemlösungen zu erzielen.Der hohe Preis der Kontaktwerkstoffe auf Edelmetallbasis führte schon vor vielen Jahren zur Herstellung von Kontaktbimetallen. Trotz höherer Formkosten sind diese Werkstoffe in den meisten Fällen besonders wirtschaftlich einsetzbar.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 48 (1997), S. 409-413 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Spannungsrißkorrosion von Inconel 600 in wäßrigen Lösungen bei erhöhten Temperaturen Teil II: Einfluß von Chlorid- und Sulfationen auf das elektrochemische Verhalten von Inconel 600Die Einflüsse von Temperatur, elektrochemischem Potential und Elektrolytzusammensetzung auf das elektrochemische Verhalten von Inconel 600 wurden untersucht. Ausgehend von den erhaltenen Ergebnissen wird der Zusammenhang zwischen lokaler Korrosion und dem Bruchverhalten von CT-Proben diskutiert. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, daß Chloridionen die Oberfläche nahe der Rißspitze depassivieren und die Bildung einer neuen schützenden Oxidschicht auf einer frisch erzeugten Bruchoberfläche verhindern können. Die resultierende Spaltkorrosion im Rißbereich bewirkt dort eine erhöhte Wasserstoffaufnahme des Metalls, welche Wasserstoffversprödung begünstigt. Dagegen inhibieren Sulfationen die Initiierung von lokaler Korrosion, indem sie die Adsorption von Chloridionen an der Rißoberfläche verhindern.Andererseits wird die Initiierung von lokaler Korrosion im Rißbereich auch durch Chromationen gefördert, die in sauerstoffhaltigen Lösungen durch Oxidation von Chrom im Grundmetall oder Chrom(III)-ionen der Oxidschicht gebildet werden.
    Notes: The influencing effects of temperature, potential and electrolyte composition on the electrochemical behaviour of Inconel 600 in aqueous solutions are presented. Considering these effects the connection between the data have been obtained from chemo-mechanical fracture investigation on CT-samples in Part I of this paper and pitting corrosion are discussed. The results have shown that chloride ions depassivate the surfaces of cracks locally and hinder the formation of a new protective oxide layer on the fracture surfaces. Furthermore, chloride promotes the dissolution of metal and initiates the cracking, respectively. The resulting crevice corrosion promotes an increase of hydrogen absorption by the metal. The increase of the hydrogen content of the metal influences the mechanical fracture behaviour. Contrary, sulphateions inhibit the initiation of corrosion mainly due to a hinderance of chloride ions adsorption on active sites of the fracture surfaces. The initiation of localized corrosion in the crevice region may be stimulated by chromate ions formed by oxidation of chromium from the oxide layer or the base metal in oxygen containing solutions.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal für Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 2 (1955), S. 147-167 
    ISSN: 0021-8383
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Von dem durch Gasphasenoxydation des 2-Picolins leicht erhältlichen Pyridin-2-aldehyd ausgehend wurde eine Reihe bislang noch nicht beschriebener Pyridin- Verbindungen von möglicherweise pharmazeutischer Potenz synthetisiert. Unter dem gleichen Gesichtspunkt wurden weiterhin einige neue Umsetzungsprodukte der Pyridin-2-carbonsäure sowie der Pyridin-2,6-dicarbonsäure dargestellt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biopolymers 8 (1969), S. 537-544 
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The acoustical relaxation spectrum of aqueous solutions of oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin solutions was investigated in the frequency range 0.5-1000 MHz. The abrupt high frequency cut off of the broad absorption spectrum is consistent with a heavily weighted, shortest relaxation time of 2 × 10-9 sec. Both the high-frequency cut-off and high frequency residual absorption appear to be slightly different for oxygenated and deoxygenated hemoglobin solution.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie in unserer Zeit 29 (1995), S. VIII 
    ISSN: 0009-2851
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 35 (1963), S. 567-576 
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Für die Zuckerextraktion gibt es verschiedene Extraktionsapparaturen, deren Konstruktionsmerkmale nach eingehender Diskussion der theoretischen Zusammenhänge für den Austritt des Zuckers aus den Schnitzeln geschildert werden. Danach werden kennzeichnende Funktionen für die verschiedenen Anlagen abgeleitet, die sich alle auf eine gemeinsame Auslaugeformel zurückführen lassen. Die Möglichkeit, auf dieser Grundlage die Apparatetypen zu vergleichen, wird diskutiert. Die angestellten Überlegungen lassen sich auf analoge Prozesse übertragen.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Rac. 2-dehydro-emetine (XV) and rac. 2-dehydro-isoemetine (XVI) have been synthesized in five steps and in good yield from 2-oxo-3-ethyl-9,10-dimethoxy-l, 2,3, 4,6,7-hexahydro-11bH-benzo [a]chinolizine (VII). Homologues and analogues of XV and XVI with other substituents have been obtained in the same way.
    Additional Material: 5 Tab.
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